Developing a Symptom Validity Test for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Application of the binomial distribution

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Volumn 22, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 1297-1302

  Morel, Kenneth R ^a   Shepherd, Bryan E ^b  

^a DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS   (United States)

^b VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Malingering; MENT; PTSD; Response bias; Symptom Validity Test (SVT)

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION; HUMAN; MALINGERING; MENTAL DISEASE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; SYMPTOM VALIDITY TEST;

BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION; COMBAT DISORDERS; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY; HUMANS; MALINGERING; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; PROBABILITY; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOMETRICS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; VETERANS; VIETNAM CONFLICT;

EID: 53149085277     PISSN: 08876185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.011     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Anderson D.R., Sweeney D.J., and Williams T.A. Statistics: Concepts and applications (1986), West Publishing Company, St. Paul, MN
2. American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., Text Rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Bag A.K. Binomial Theorem in Ancient India. Indian Journal of History of Science 1 1 (1966) 68-74
4. Bush S., Ruff R., Troster A., Barth J., Koffler S., Pliskin N., et al. Symptom validity assessment: Practice issues and medical necessity. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 2 20 (2005) 419-426
5. Colby F. Does the binomial distribution stand falsely accused?. Brain Injury Source 4 (2000) 18-21
6. Colby F. Using the binomial distribution to assess effort: Forced-choice testing in neuropsychological settings. NeuroRehabilitation 16 (2001) 253-265
7. Colby F. Colby replies to Frederick. NeuroRehabilitation 16 (2001) 311-312
8. Department of Veterans Affairs' Office of Inspector General. (2005). Review of state variances in VA disability compensation payments (Report No. 05 00765-137). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
9. Frederick R.L., and Speed F.M. On the interpretation of below-chance responding in forced-choice tests. Assessment 14 1 (2007) 3-11
10. Frueh B.C., Elhai J.D., Grubaugh J.M., Monnier J., Kashdan T.B., Sauvageot J.A., et al. Documented combat-exposure of US veterans seeking treatment for combated-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry 186 (2005) 467-472
11. Gouvier W.D., Lees-Haley P., and Hammer J.H. The neuropsychological examination in the problem of detecting malingering in the forensic arena: Costs and benefits. In: Prigatano G.P., and Pliskin N.H. (Eds). Clinical neuropsychology and cost outcomes research: A beginning (2003), The Psychology Press, New York, NY 405-424
12. Green P. The pervasive influence of effort on neuropsychological test. International Journal of Forensic Psychology 1 3 (2006) 1-21
13. Green, P., Allen, L. M., & Astner, K. (1996). The Word Memory Test: A user's guide to the oral and computer-administered forms, US Version 1.0. Durham, NC: CogniSyst.
14. Jacobson N.S., and Truax P. Clinical significance: a statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 59 1 (1991) 12-19
15. Kaufmann P.M. Protecting the objectivity, fairness, and integrity of neuropsychological evaluations in litigation: A privilege second to none?. Journal of Legal Medicine 26 1 (2005) 95-131
16. Larabee G.J. Detection of malingering using atypical performance patterns on standard neuropsychological tests. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 17 3 (2003) 410-425
17. Lees-Haley P.R. MMPI-2 base rates for 492 personal injury plaintiffs: Implications and challenges for forensic assessment. Journal of Clinical Psychology 53 7 (1997) 745-755
18. Merten T., Bossink L., and Schmand B. On the limits of effort testing: Symptom Validity Tests and severity of neurocognitive symptoms in nonlitigant patients. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 29 3 (2007) 308-318
19. Morel K.R. Use of binomial theorem in detecting fictitious Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Anxiety Disorders Practice Journal 2 1 (1995) 55-62
20. Morel K.R. Development and preliminary validation of a forced-choice test of response bias for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Personality Assessment 70 2 (1998) 299-314
21. Morel, K. R. (in press-a). Development of a validity scale for combat-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Evidence from simulated malingerers and actual disability claimants. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology.
22. Morel, K. R. (in press-b). Comparison of the Morel Emotional Numbing Test for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to the Word Memory Test in neuropsychological evaluations. The Clinical Neuropsychologist.
23. Morel, K.R., & Marshman, K.C. (in press). Critiquing symptom validity tests for posttraumatic stress disorder: A modification of Hartman's criteria. Journal of Anxiety Disorders.
24. Pankratz L., Fausti S.A., and Peed S. A forced-choice technique to evaluate deafness in a hysterical or malingering patient. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 43 (1975) 421-422
25. Resnick P.J. Guidelines for evaluation of malingering in PTSD. In: Simon R.I. (Ed). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in litigation: Guidelines for forensic assessment. 2nd ed. (2003), American Psychiatric Publishing Inc., Washington, DC 187-205
26. Rosen G.M. Litigation and reported rates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Personality and Individual Differences 36 (2003) 1291-1294
27. Rosen G.M. Malingering and the PTSD data base. In: Rosen G.M. (Ed). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Issues and controversies (2004), New York, Wiley 85-99
28. Rosen G.M. DSM's cautionary guideline to rule out malingering can protect the PTSD data base. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 20 4 (2006) 530-535
29. Rosen G.M., and Powel J.E. Use of Symptom Validity Test in the forensic assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 17 (2003) 361-367
30. Rosen G.M., and Taylor S. Pseudo-PTSD. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 21 (2007) 201-210
31. Taylor A.J.W. Traumatic stress and the differential diagnosis of malingering. Traumatology 9 4 (2003) 197-215
32. Tombaugh T.N. Test of Memory Malingering: TOMM (1996), North Tonawanda, NY, Multi-Health Systems Inc.