Sizing up allometric scaling theory

PLoS Computational Biology

Volumn 4, Issue 9, 2008, Pages

  Savage, Van M ^a   Deeds, Eric J ^a   Fontana, Walter ^a  

^a HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; METABOLISM; SCALING LAWS; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS;

ALLOMETRIC SCALING; BODY MASS; EMPIRICAL DATA; FINITE-SIZE CORRECTIONS; HEART-RATE; LIFESPANS; METABOLIC RATES; NETWORK SIZE; SCALING EXPONENT; SCALING THEORIES;

MAMMALS;

ALLOMETRY; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; HEART RATE; LIFESPAN; MAMMAL; METABOLIC RATE; NONHUMAN; PREDICTION; THEORY; ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BIOLOGY; BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY; BODY SIZE; CAPILLARY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FACTUAL DATABASE; HISTOLOGY; MATHEMATICS; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY;

MAMMALIA;

OXYGEN;

ANIMALS; BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY; BODY SIZE; CAPILLARIES; COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DATABASES, FACTUAL; MAMMALS; MATHEMATICS; METABOLISM; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; OXYGEN;

EID: 52949129135     PISSN: 1553734X     EISSN: 15537358     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000171     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. West GB, Brown JH, Enquist BJ (1997) A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology. Science 276: 122-126.
2. Savage VM, Allen AP, Gillooly JF, Herman AB, Brown JH, et al. (2007) Scaling of number, size, and metabolic rate of cells with body size in mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 4718-4723.
3. Kleiber M (1932) Body size and metabolism. Hilgardia 6: 315-353.
4. Kleiber M (1961) The Fire of Life: An Introduction to Animal Energetics. New York: Wiley.
5. Blueweiss L, Fox H, Kudzma V, Nakashima R, DandPeters, Sams S (1978) Relationships between body size and some life history parameters. Oecologia 37: 257-272.
6. Lindstedt S, Calder W (1981) Body size physiological time, and the longevity of homeothermic mammals. Q Rev Biol 56: 1-16.
7. Peters RH (1983) The Ecological Implications of Body Size. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
8. Calder WA (1996) Size, Function, and Life History. New York: Dover.
9. Schmidt-Nielsen K (1983) Scaling: Why Is Animal Size So Important? Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
10. Brown JH, Gillooly JF, Allen AP, Savage VM, West GB (2004) Toward a metabolic theory of ecology. Ecology 85: 1771-1789.
11. Allen AP, Gillooly JF, Savage VM, Brown JH (2006) Kinetic effects of temperature on rates of genetic divergence and speciation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 9130-9135.
12. West GB, Brown JH, Enquist BJ (1999) The fourth dimension of life: fractal geometry and allometric scaling of organisms. Science 284: 1677-1679.
13. West GB, Brown JH, Enquist BJ (1999) A general model for the structure and allometry of plant vascular systems. Nature 400: 664-667.
14. West GB, Woodruff WH, Brown JH (2002) Allometric scaling of metabolic rate from molecules and mitochondria to cells and mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 2473-2478.
15. Banavar JR, Maritan A, Rinaldo A (1999) Size and form in efficient transportation networks. Nature 399: 130-132.
16. Banavar JR, Damuth J, Maritan A, Rinaldo A (2002) Supply-demand balance and metabolic scaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 10506-10509.
17. Reich PB (2001) Body size, geometry, longevity and metabolism: do plant leaves behave like animal bodies? Trends Ecol Evol 16: 674-680.
18. Dodds PS, Rothman DH, Weitz JS (2001) Re-examination of the "3/4-law" of metabolism. J Theor Biol 209: 9-27.
19. Darveau C, Suarez R, Andrews R, Hochachka P (2002) Allometric cascade as a unifying principle of body mass effects on metabolism. Nature 417: 166-170.
20. Kozlowski J, Konarzewski M (2004) Is west, brown and enquist's model of allometric scaling mathematically correct and biologically relevant? Ecology 18: 283-289.
21. West GB, Savage VM, Gillooly JF, Enquist BJ, Woodruff WH, et al. (2003) But why does metabolic rate scale with body size? Nature 421: 713-714.
22. White CR, Seymour RS (2003) Mammalian basal metabolic rate is proportional to body mass 2/3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100: 4046-4049.
23. Savage VM, Gillooly JF, Woodruff WH, West GB, Allen AP, et al. (2004) The predominance of quarter-power scaling in biology. Funct Ecol 18: 257-282.
24. Etienne RS, Apol MEF, Olff H (2006) Demystifying the West, Brown, & Enquist model of the allometry of metabolism. Funct Ecol 20: 394-399.
25. Reich PB, Tjoelker MG, Machado JL, Oleksyn J (2006) Universal scaling of respiratory metabolism, size and nitrogen in plants. Nature 439: 457-461.
26. Enquist BJ, Allen AP, Brown JH, Gillooly JF, Kerkhoff AJ, et al. (2007) Biological scaling: Does the exception prove the rule? Nature 445: E9-E10.
27. Chaui-Berlinck J (2006) A critical understanding of the fractal model of metabolic scaling. J Exp Biol 209: 3045-3054.
28. Savage VM, West GB, Enquist BJ (2007) Comment on, 'a critical understanding of the fractal model of metabolic scaling. J Exp Biol 210: 3873-3874.
29. Glazier DS (2005) Beyond the "3/4-power law": variation in the intra-and interspecific scaling of metabolic rate in animals. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 80: 611-662.
30. Lovegrove B (2000) The zoogeography of mammalian basal metabolic rate. Am Nat 156: 201-219.
31. Lovegrove B (2003) The influence of climate on the metabolic rate of small mammals: a slow-fast metabolic continuum. J Comp Physiol B 173: 87-112.
32. Glazier DS (2006) The 3/4-power law is not universal: evolution of isometric, ontogenetic metabolic scaling in pelagic animals. BioScience 56: 325-332.
33. Nagy KA (2005) Field metabolic rate and body size. J Exp Biol 208: 1621-1625.
34. Kerkhoff AJ, Enquist BJ, Fagan WF, Elser JJ (2005) Plant allometry, ecological stoichiometry, and the temperature- dependence of terrestrial primary production. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 8: 353-360.
35. Bartels H (1982) Metabolic rate of mammals equals the 0.75 power of their body weight. Exp Biol Med 7: 1-11.
36. Sapoval B, Filoche M, Weibel ER (2002) Smaller is better - but not too small: a physical scale for the design of the mammalian pulmonary acinus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 10411-10416.
37. O2,max and aerobic scope in mammals. Biol Lett 3: 99-102.
38. Price CA, Enquist BJ (2006) Scaling of mass and morphology in plants with minimal branching: an extension of the WBE model. Funct Ecology 20: 11-20.
39. Price CA, Enquist BJ (2007) Scaling mass and morphology in leaves: an extension of the WBE model. Ecology 104: 13204-13209.
40. Price CA, Enquist BJ, M SV (2007) Scaling the diversity of botanical form and function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, In press.
41. Meinzer FC, Goldstein G, Andrade JL (2001) Regulation of water flux through tropical forest canopy trees: do universal rules apply? Tree Physiol 21: 19-26.
42. Becker P, Gribben RJ, Lim CM (2000) Tapered conduits can buffer hydraulic conductance from path-length effects. Tree Physiol 20: 965-967.
43. Becker P, Gribben RJ (2001) Estimation of conduit taper for the hydraulic resistance model of West et al. Tree Physiol 21: 697-700.
44. Niklas KJ, Enquist BJ (2001) Invariant scaling relationships for interspecific plant biomass production rates and body size. Proc Nat Acad Sci U S A 98: 2922-2927.
45. Niklas KJ, Enquist BJ (2001) Invariant scaling relations across tree-dominated communities. Nature 410: 655-660.
46. Niklas KJ, Enquist BJ (2002) On the vegetative biomass partitioning of seed plant leaves, stems, and roots. Am Nat 159: 482-497.
47. Enquist BJ, Niklas KJ (2001) Invariant scaling relations across tree-dominated communities. Nature 410: 655-60.
48. Enquist BJ, Niklas KJ (2002) Global allocation rules for patterns of biomass partitioning in seed plants. Science 295: 1517-1520.
49. Li JKJ (2000) Scaling and invariants in cardiovascular biology. In: Brown JH, Press GB, eds. Scaling in Biology. West Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp 113-128.
50. Chave J, Riera B, Dubois MA (2001) Estimation of biomass in a neotropical forest of french guiana: spatial and temporal variability. J Trop Ecol 17: 79-96.
51. Zamir M (1999) On fractal properties of arterial trees. J Theor Biol 197: 517-526.
52. Zamir M (2001) Fractal dimensions and multifractality in vascular branching. J Theor Biol 212: 183-190.
53. Zamir M (2001) Arterial branching within the confines of fractal l-system formalism. J Gen Physiol 118: 267-275.
54. Zamir M (2005) The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow. New York: Springer.
55. Turcotte DL, Pelletier JD, Newman WI (1998) Networks with side branching in biology. J Theor Biol 193: 577-592.
56. Fung YC (1984) Biodynamics. New York: Springer Verlag.
57. Murray CD (1926) The physiological principle of minimum work. I. The vascular system and the cost of blood volume. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 12: 207-214.
58. Savage VM, Gillooly JF, Charnov EL, Brown JH, West GB (2004) Effects of body size and temperature on population growth. Am Nat 163: 429-441.
59. Krogh A (1919) The number and distribution of capillaries in muscles with calculations of the oxygen pressure head necessary for supplying the tissue. J Physiol 52: 409-415.
60. Krogh A (1919) The rate of diffusion of gases through animal tissues, with some remarks on the coefficient of invasion. J Physiol 52: 391-408.
61. Krogh A (1919) The supply of oxygen to the tissues and the regulation of the capillary circulation. J Physiol 52: 457-474.
62. Milo R, Hou JH, Springer M, Brenner MP, Kirschner MW (2007) The relationship between evolutionary and physiological variation in hemoglobin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 16998-17003.
63. Schmidt-Nielsen K (1997) Animal Physiology: Adaptation and Environment. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
64. Klabunde RE (2005) Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts. New York: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins.
65. Roy CS, Sherrington CS (1890) On the regulation of the blood supply of the brain. J Physiol 11: 85-158.
66. Ogawa S, Lee TM, Nayak AS, Glynn P (1990) Oxygenation-sensitive contrast in magnetic resonance image of rodent brain at high magnetic fields. Magn Res Med 14: 68-78.
67. Horsfield K (1978) Morphometry of the small pulmonary arteries in man. Circ Res 42: 593-597.
68. Gosling RG, M BM (2003) Terminology for describing the elastic behavior of arteries. Hypertension 41: 1180-1182.
69. Brody S (1945) Bioenergetics and Growth. New York: Reinhold.
70. Savage VM, West GB (2007) Towards a quantitative, metabolic theory of mammalian sleep. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 1051-1056.
71. Gillooly JF, Allen AP, West GB, Brown JH (2005) The rate of DNA evolution: effects of body size and temperature on the molecular clock. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 140-145.
72. Kassab GS, Rider CA, Tang NJ, Fung YB (1993) Morphometry of pig coronary arterial trees. Am J Physiol 265: H350-H365.
73. Kassab K, Imoto GS, White FC, Rider CA, Fung YB, et al. (1993) Coronary arterial tree remodeling in right ventricular hypertrophy. Am J Physiol 265: H366-H375.
74. Glenny R, Bernard S, Neradilek B, Polissar N (2007) Quantifying the genetic influence on mammalian vascular tree structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 6858-6863.