Peripheral dose measurements for 6 and 18 MV photon beams on a linear accelerator with multileaf collimator

Medical Physics

Volumn 35, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 4396-4403

  Mazonakis, Michalis ^a   Zacharopoulou, Fotini ^a   Varveris, Haralambos ^b   Damilakis, John ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF IRAKLION   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CRETE   (Greece)

Author keywords

Multileaf collimator; Peripheral dose; Risk estimation

Indexed keywords

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING; IONIZATION OF LIQUIDS; LINEAR ACCELERATORS; PARTICLE BEAMS; PHANTOMS; PHOTOELECTRONS; PHOTONS; RISK PERCEPTION; TISSUE;

ANTHROPOMORPHIC PHANTOMS; CRITICAL STRUCTURES; LATERAL DISPLACEMENTS; MEASUREMENT POINTS; MULTILEAF COLLIMATORS; PERIPHERAL DOSE; RISK ESTIMATION; TREATMENT VOLUMES;

PHOTOIONIZATION;

ARTICLE; COLLIMATOR; IONIZATION CHAMBER; LINEAR ACCELERATOR; MEGAVOLTAGE RADIATION; MULTILEAF COLLIMATOR; PERIPHERAL DOSE; PHANTOM; PHOTON THERAPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION DOSE; THERMOLUMINESCENCE DOSIMETER;

EID: 52949089002     PISSN: 00942405     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1118/1.2977533     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. E. J. Hall, Radiobiology for the Radiologist, 5th ed. (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2000).
2. M. Mazonakis, A. Tzedakis, J. Damilakis, H. Varveris, S. Kachris, and N. Gourtsoyiannis, " Scattered dose to thyroid from prophylactic cranial irradiation during childhood: A Monte Carlo study.," Phys. Med. Biol. 51, N139-N145 (2006).
3. Y. Perel, G. Leverger, A. Carrere, M. Caudry, E. N. Garabedian, S. Ansoborlo, and P. Vergnes, " Second thyroid neoplasms after prophylactic cranial irradiation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.," Am. J. Hematol. 59, 91-94 (1998).
4. B. Fowble, A. Hanlon, G. Freedman, N. Nikolaou, and P. Anderson, " Second cancers after conservative surgery and radiation for stages I-II breast cancer: identifying a subset of women at increased risk.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 51, 679-690 (2001).
5. J. Unnithan and R. M. Macklis, " Contralateral breast cancer risk.," Radiother. Oncol. 60, 239-246 (2001).
6. P. V. Hansen, H. Trykker, I. L. Svennekjaer, and J. Hvolby, " Long-term recovery of spermatogenesis after radiotherapy in patients with testicular cancer.," Radiother. Oncol. 18, 117-125 (1990).
7. M. Mazonakis, J. Damilakis, H. Varveris, and N. Gourtsoyiannis, " Radiation dose to testes and risk of infertility from radiotherapy for rectal cancer.," Oncol. Rep. 15, 729-733 (2006).
8. M. Mazonakis, G. Kokona, H. Varveris, J. Damilakis, and N. Gourtsoyiannis, " Data required for testicular dose calculation during radiotherapy of seminoma.," Med. Phys. 33, 2391-2395 (2006).
9. M. Mazonakis, J. Damilakis, H. Varveris, and N. Gourtsoyiannis, " Radiation dose to laterally transposed ovaries during external beam radiotherapy for cervical cancer.," Acta Oncol. 45, 702-707 (2006).
10. S. K. Chambers, J. T. Chambers, R. Kier, and R. E. Peschel, " Sequelae of lateral ovarian transposition in irradiated cervical cancer patients.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 20, 1305-1308 (1991).
11. M. Mazonakis, J. Damilakis, H. Varveris, and N. Gourtsoyiannis, " Therapeutic external irradiation in women of reproductive age: Risk estimation of hereditary effects.," Br. J. Radiol. 77, 847-850 (2004).
12. M. Mazonakis, F. Zacharopoulou, S. Kachris, C. Varveris, J. Damilakis, and N. Gourtsoyiannis, " Scattered dose to gonads and associated risks from radiotherapy for common pediatric malignancies: A phantom study.," Strahlenther. Onkol. 183, 332-337 (2007).
13. M. Stovall, S. S. Donaldson, R. E. Weathers, L. L. Robison, A. C. Mertens, J. F. Winther, J. H. Olsen, and J. D. Boice, " Genetic effects of radiotherapy for childhood cancer: Gonadal dose reconstruction.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 60, 542-552 (2004).
14. M. Mazonakis, H. Varveris, M. Fasoulaki, and J. Damilakis, " Radiotherapy of Hodgkin's disease in early pregnancy: Embryo dose measurements.," Radiother. Oncol. 66, 333-339 (2003).
15. M. Mazonakis, H. Varveris, J. Damilakis, N. Theoharopoulos, and N. Gourtsoyiannis, " Radiation dose to conceptus resulting from tangential breast irradiation.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 55, 386-391 (2003).
16. B. A. Fraass and J. Van de Geijn, " Peripheral dose from megavolt beams.," Med. Phys. 10, 809-818 (1983).
17. P. Francois, C. Beurtheret, and A. Dutreix, " Calculation of the dose delivered to organs outside the radiation beams.," Med. Phys. 15, 879-883 (1988).
18. D. Greene, G. Chu, and D. W. Thomas, " Dose levels outside radiotherapy beams.," Br. J. Radiol. 56, 543-550 (1983).
19. D. Greene, P. G. G. Karup, C. Sims, and R. J. Taylor, " Dose levels outside radiotherapy beams.," Br. J. Radiol. 58, 453-456 (1985).
20. K. R. Kase, G. K. Svenson, A. B. Wolbarst, and M. A. Marks, " Measurements of dose from secondary radiation outside a treatment field.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 9, 1177-1183 (1983).
21. B. J. McParland and H. I. Fair, " A method of calculating peripheral dose distributions of photon beams below 10 MV.," Med. Phys. 19, 283-293 (1992).
22. A. Sanchez-Reyes, M. Ginjaume, H. Chakkor, A. Melero, F. Pons, and X. Ortega, " Estimation of peripheral dose from two linacs: Mevatron MX6700 and Mevatron KDS.," Med. Dosim. 19, 83-87 (1994).
23. M. Stovall, C. R. Blackwell, J. Cundiff, D. H. Novack, J. R. Palta, L. K. Wagner, E. W. Webster, and R. J. Shalek, " Fetal dose from radiotherapy with photon beams: Report of AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group No. 36.," Med. Phys. 22, 63-82 (1995).
24. P. H. Van der Giessen, " Calculation and measurement of the dose at points outside the primary beam for photon energies of 6, 10 and 23 MV.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 30, 1239-1246 (1994).
25. P. H. Van der Giessen, " Measurement of the peripheral dose for the tangential breast treatment technique with Co-60 gamma radiation and high energy X-rays.," Radiother. Oncol. 42, 257-264 (1997).
26. R. M. Howell, N. E. Hertel, Z. Wang, J. Hutchinson, and G. D. Fullerton, " Calculation of effective dose from measurements of secondary neutron spectra and scattered photon dose from dynamic MLC IMRT for 6 MV, 15 MV and 18 MV beam energies.," Med. Phys. 33, 360-368 (2006).
27. E. E. Klein, B. Maserang, R. Wood, and D. Mansur, " Peripheral doses from pediatric IMRT.," Med. Phys. 33, 2525-2531 (2006).
28. S. F. Kry, M. Salehpour, D. S. Followill, M. Stovall, D. A. Kuban, R. A. White, and I. I. Rosen, " Out-of-field photon and neutron dose equivalents from step-and-shoot intensity-modulated radiation therapy.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 62, 1204-1216 (2005).
29. S. F. Kry, U. Titt, F. Ponisch, D. Followill, O. N. Vassiliev, R. A. White, R. Mohan, and M. Salehpour, " A Monte Carlo model for calculating out-of-field dose from a Varian 6 MV beam.," Med. Phys. 33, 4405-4413 (2006).
30. S. F. Kry, U. Titt, D. Followill, F. Ponisch, O. N. Vassiliev, R. A. White, M. Stovall, and M. Salehpour, " A Monte Carlo model for out-of-field dose calculation from high-energy photon beam.," Med. Phys. 34, 3489-3499 (2007).
31. S. Mutic, J. Esthappan, and E. E. Klein, " Peripheral dose distributions for a linear accelerator equipped with a secondary multileaf collimator and universal wedge.," J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. 3, 302-309 (2002).
32. S. Mutic and E. E. Klein, " A reduction in the AAPM TG-36 reported peripheral dose distributions with tertiary multileaf collimation.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 44, 947-953 (1999).
33. D. S. Sharma, Animesh, S. S. Desphande, R. D. Phurailatpam, D. D. Desphande, S. K. Shrivastava, and K. A. Dinshaw, " Peripheral dose from uniform dynamic multileaf collimation fields: Implications for sliding window intensity-modulated radiotherapy.," Br. J. Radiol. 79, 331-335 (2006).
34. S. D. Sharma, R. R. Upreti, and D. D. Desphande, " Use of peripheral dose data from uniform dynamic multileaf collimation fields to estimate out-of-field organ dose in patients treated employing sliding window intensity-modulated radiotherapy.," Phys. Med. Biol. 51, 2987-2995 (2006).
35. R. L. Stern, " Peripheral dose from a linear accelerator equipped with multileaf collimation.," Med. Phys. 26, 559-563 (1999).
36. P. H. Van der Giessen, " A simple and generally applicable method to estimate the peripheral dose in radiation teletherapy with high energy x-rays or gamma radiation.," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 35, 1059-1068 (1996).