Repeated physical disturbances and the stability of sub-tropical coral communities in Hong Kong, China

Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems

Volumn 18, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 1005-1024

  Tam, Tze Wai ^a   Ang Jr , Put O ^a  

^a CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Coral community structure and dynamics; Coral monitoring programme; Cyclone impacts; Hong kong, china; Physical disturbances; Stability

Indexed keywords

COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CORAL; CYCLONE; PHYSICAL DISTURBANCE; SUBTROPICAL REGION; SUMMER; TYPHOON;

ASIA; CHINA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; HONG KONG; NEW TERRITORIES; TUNG PING CHAU MARINE PARK;

ANTHOZOA; CYPHASTREA SERAILIA; GONIOPORA LOBATA; MONTIPORA PELTIFORMIS; PAVONA DECUSSATA; SCLERACTINIA;

EID: 52749086044     PISSN: 10527613     EISSN: 10990755     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/aqc.922     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Andres NG, Witman JD. 1995. Trends in community structure on a Jamaican reef. Marine Ecology Progress Series 118: 305-310.
2. Ang PO, Choi LS, Choi MM, Cornish A, Fung HL, Lee MW, Lin TP, Ma WC, Tam MC, Wong SY. 2006. Status of coral reefs in Hong Kong. In Status of Coral Reefs of the East Asian Seas Region: 2004. Japan Wildlife Research Centre, Ministry of the Environment: Japan; 121-152.
3. Ang PO, Chu KH, Chu LM, Wong CK, Woo NYS. 2000. Study on the suitability of Ping Chau to be established as Marine Park or Marine Reserve. Unpublished report of the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
4. Ang PO, McCorry D, Choi CLS. 2003. Establishing a reference collection and field guides for Hong Kong scleractinian coral. Unpublished report of the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
5. Brillouin L. 1956. Science and Information Theory. Academic Press: New York.
6. Bythell JC, Bythell M, Gladfelter EH. 1993. Initial results of a long-term coral reef monitoring program: impact of Hurricane Hugo at Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 172: 171-183.
7. Clarke KR, Warwick RM. 2001. Change in Marine Communities: An Approach to Statistical Analysis and Interpretation, (2nd edn.) Plymouth Marine Laboratory: UK.
8. Choi MM. 2002. Monitoring of bleaching on massive coral, Porites lobata and predation on staghorn coral, Acropora tumida by corallivorous gastropods in Tung Ping Chau, Hong Kong. MPhil thesis, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
9. Connell JH. 1997. Disturbance and recovery of coral assemblages. Coral Reefs 16: S101-S113.
10. Connell JH, Hughes TP, Wallace CC. 1997. A 30-year study of coral abundance, recruitment, and disturbance at several scales in space and time. Ecological Monographs 67: 461-488.
11. Edmunds PJ, Witman JD. 1991. Effect of Hurricane Hugo on the primary framework of a reef along the south shore of St. John, US Virgin Islands. Marine Ecology Progress Series 78: 201-204.
12. Graus RR, Chamberlain JA, Boker AM. 1977. Structural modifications of corals in relation to waves and currents. American Association of Petroleum Geologists. Studies in Geology 4: 135-153.
13. Hodgson G. 1997. Opportunities for marine conservation in Hong Kong and Southern China. In Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Marine Conservation, Hong Kong, 26-27 October 1996, Darvell BW (ed.). The Hong Kong Marine Conservation Society: Hong Kong; 5-15.
14. Hodgson G. 1999. A global assessment of human effects on coral reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38: 345-355.
15. Hoegh-Guldberg O. 1999. Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of the world's coral reefs. Marine and Freshwater Research 50: 839-866.
16. Holling CS. 1996. Engineering resilience versus ecological resilience. In Engineering within Ecological Constraints, Schulze PC (ed.). National Academy Press: 31-43.
17. Hong Kong Observatory. 1998. Tropical Cyclones in 1997. Hong Kong Observatory, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong.
18. Hong Kong Observatory. 2000. Tropical Cyclones in 1999. Hong Kong Observatory, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong.
19. Hong Kong Observatory. 2007a. Classification of tropical cyclones, from http://www.weather.gov.hk/informtc/class.htm.
20. Hong Kong Observatory. 2007b. HKO warnings and signals database - Tropical cyclone warning signals (January 1946-January 2007), from http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/warndb/warndb1_e.shtml.
21. Hong Kong Observatory. 2007c. Hong Kong's tropical cyclone warning signals, from http://www.weather.gov.hk/informtc/tcsignal.htm.
22. Hong Kong Observatory. 2007d. Reports on typhoons necessitating the issuing of the Hurricane Signal No. 10, from http://www.weather.gov.hk/informtc/ historical_tc/no10_report.htm.
23. Hughes TP, Connell JH. 1999. Multiple stressors on coral reefs: a long-term perspective. Limnology and Oceanography 44: 932-940.
24. Hughes TP, Jackson JBC. 1985. Population dynamics and life histories of foliaceous corals. Ecological Monographs 55: 141-166.
25. Jokiel PL, Coles SL. 1990. Responses of Hawaiian and other Indo-Pacific reef corals to elevated temperatures. Coral Reefs 8: 155-162.
26. Karlson RH. 1999. Dynamics of Coral Communities. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Netherlands.
27. Koop K, Booth D, Broadbent A, Brodie J, Bucher D, Capone D, Coll J, Dennison W, Erdmann M, Harrison P, et al. 2001. ENCORE: the effect of nutrient enrichment on coral reefs. Synthesis of results and conclusions. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42: 91-120.
28. Lambshead PJD, Platt HM, Shaw KM. 1983. The detection of differences among assemblages of marine benthic species based on an assessment of dominance and diversity. Journal of Natural History 17: 859-874.
29. Loya Y. 1978. Plotless and transect methods. In Coral Reefs: Research Methods, Stoddart DR, Johannes RE (eds). The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization: UK; 197-217.
30. Lirman D, Fong P. 1995. The effects of Hurricane Andrew and tropical storm Gordon on Florida reefs. Coral Reefs 13: 172.
31. Lirman D, Fong P. 1996. Sequential storms cause zone-specific damage on a reef in the northern florida reef tract: evidence from hurricane Andrew and the 1993 storm of the century. Florida Scientist 59: 50-63.
32. Lirman D, Fong P. 1997. Patterns of damage to the branching coral Acropora palmata following Hurricane Andrew: damage and survivorship of Hurricane-generated asexual recruits. Journal of Coastal Research 13: 67-72.
33. Mah AJ, Stearn CW. 1986. The effects of Hurricane Allen on the Bellairs fringing reef, Barbados. Coral Reefs 4: 169-176.
34. McCorry D. 2002. Scleractinian coral communities of Hong Kong: status, threats and recommendations for management. PhD thesis, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
35. Pielou EC. 1984. The Interpretation of Ecological Data: A Primer on Classification and Ordination. Wiley & Sons: New York.
36. Sanders D, Baron-Szabo RC. 2005. Scleractinian assemblages under sediment input: their characteristics and relation to the nutrient input concept. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 216: 139-181.
37. Scott PJB, Cope M. 1988. Tolo revisited: a resurvey of the corals in Tolo Harbour and Channel six years and half a million people later. In Proceedings of the Second International Marine Biological Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China, Hong Kong, 1986, Morton B (ed.). Hong Kong University Press: Hong Kong; 1203-1220.
38. Schuhmacher H, Plewka M. 1981. The adaptive significance of mechanical properties versus morphological adjustments in skeletons of Acropora palmata and Acropora cervicornis (Cnidaria, Sclerectinia). Proceedings of the 4th International Coral Reef Symposium 2: 121-128.
39. Tam TW. 1998. The object-oriented simulation on the community structure of a coral community in ping Chau, Hong Kong. MPhil thesis, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
40. Tam TW. 2006. Ecological monitoring and object-oriented simulation studies on stability and alternative stable states of coral reef communities. PhD thesis, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
41. Veron JEN. 2000. Corals of the World. Australian Institute of Marine Science: Australia.
42. Wells JW. 1956. Scleractinia. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Vol F, Moore RC (ed.). Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press: Kansas, USA; 328-444.
43. Wilkinson C. 2004. Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2004. Australian Institute of Marine Science: Townsville.
44. Woodley JD, Chornesky EA, Clifford PA, Jackson JBC, Kaufman LS, Knowlton N, Lang JC, Pearson MP, Porter JW, Rooney MC, et al. 1981. Hurricane Allen's impact on Jamaican coral reefs. Science 214: 749-755.
45. Wu RSS. 1988. Marine pollution in Hong Kong: a review. Asian Marine Biology 5: 1-24.
46. Zou RL, Wang ZH, Cheung CPS. 1992. A resurvey of the corals at Hoi Ha Wan after eight years and the Tai Leng Tun borrow area. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Marine Biological Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China, Hong Kong, 11-29 April 1989, Morton B (ed.). Hong Kong University Press: Hong Kong; 837-849.