Topical haemostatic agents

British Journal of Surgery

Volumn 95, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 1197-1225

  Seyednejad, H ^a,c   Imani, M ^c   Jamieson, T ^a   Seifalian, A M ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL FREE LONDON NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^c IRAN POLYMER AND PETROCHEMICAL INSTITUTE   (Iran)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ACTCEL; ACTIFOAM; ALBUMIN; ANTIFIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; APROTININ; BIOGLUE; BIOHEMOSTAT; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 5; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 7; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 8; BLOODSTOP; C INSTAT; CHITIN DERIVATIVE; CHITOSAN DERIVATIVE; CLO-SUR PAD; COLLAGEN DERIVATIVE; COLLAGEN SPONGE; COSTASIS; D STAT; EVICEL; FIBRIN GLUE; FIBRIN SEALANT TISSEEL; FIBRINOGEN; FLOSEAL; FOCALSEAL; FORMALDEHYDE; GELATIN; GELFOAM; GLUTARALDEHYDE; HELISTAT; HELITENE; HEMCON; HEMOSTATIC AGENT; HEPARIN; INSTAT; KIDSQR; M PATCH; MICROCRYSTALLINE COLLAGEN; N ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE; NU-KNIT; OXIDIZED CELLULOSE; OXIDIZED REGENERATED CELLULOSE; PARECOXIB; POLYGLACTIN; POLYSACCHARIDE; PROCOAGULANT; PROTAMINE; QUICK RELIEF; QUIKCLOT; QUIXIL; RESORCINOL; SPORTSQR; SURGIFOAM; SYVEKPATCH; TACHOCOMB; TACHOSIL; THROMBIN; TRANEXAMIC ACID; TRAUMADEX; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; URGENTQR; VITAGEL; VIVOSTAT; WOUND STAT; ZEOLITE; ALBUMINOID; CELLULOSE; COLLAGEN; FIBRIN;

ABSCESS; ANAPHYLAXIS; ARTERY EMBOLISM; BANDAGE; BLEEDING; BLOOD AUTOTRANSFUSION; BLOOD CLOTTING; BLOOD CLOTTING DISORDER; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPRESSION THERAPY; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; DRUG FATALITY; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG INFORMATION; DRUG SAFETY; EPISTAXIS; FALSE ANEURYSM; FOREIGN BODY REACTION; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; GRANULOMA; GRANULOMATOSIS; HEALING IMPAIRMENT; HEART RIGHT VENTRICLE INFARCTION; HEMOSTASIS; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; KNOWLEDGE BASE; LIMB ISCHEMIA; LUNG FIBROSIS; MEDIASTINUM CYST; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDLINE; NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATION; NEUROPATHY; NEUROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; PARAPLEGIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEROMA; THROMBOCYTE; THROMBOSIS; TOXICITY; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; WOUND COMPLICATION; WOUND HEALING; SURGICAL EQUIPMENT; TOPICAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION;

ADMINISTRATION, TOPICAL; ALBUMINS; CELLULOSE; COLLAGEN; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; FIBRIN; GELATIN; HEMORRHAGE; HEMOSTATICS; HUMANS; POLYSACCHARIDES; SURGICAL MESH;

EID: 52449096393     PISSN: 00071323     EISSN: 13652168     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.6357     Document Type: Review

References (186)

1. Zwischenberger JB, Brunston RL Jr, Swann JR, Conti VR. Comparison of two topical collagen-based hemostatic sponges during cardiothoracic procedures. J Invest Surg 1999; 12: 101-106.
2. Tan SR, Tope WD. Effectiveness of microporous polysaccharide hemospheres for achieving hemostasis in mohs micrographic surgery. Dermatol Surg 2004; 30: 908-914.
3. Levy JH. Hemostatic agents. Transfusion 2004; 44(Suppl): 58S-62S.
4. Schonauer C, Tessitore E, Barbagallo G, Albanese V, Moraci A. The use of local agents: bone wax, gelatin, collagen, oxidized cellulose. Eur Spine J 2004, 13(Suppl 1): S89-S96.
5. Prior JJ, Wallace DG, Harner A, Powers N. A sprayable hemostat containing fibrillar collagen, bovine thrombin, and autologous plasma. Ann Thorac Surg 1999; 68: 479-485.
6. Smith KJ, Skelton HG, Barrett TL, Welch M, Beard J. Histologic and immunohistochemical features in biopsy sites in which bovine collagen matrix was used for hemostasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1996; 34: 434-438.
7. Prior JJ, Powers N, DeLustro F. Efficacy of a novel hemostatic agent in animal models of impaired hemostasis. J Biomed Mater Res 2000; 53: 252-257.
8. Turner AS, Parker D, Egbert B, Maroney M, Armstrong R, Powers N. Evaluation of a novel hemostatic device in an ovine parenchymal organ bleeding model of normal and impaired hemostasis. J Biomed Mater Res 2002; 63: 37-47.
9. CoStasis Multi-center Collaborative Writing Committee. A novel collagen-based composite offers effective hemostasis for multiple surgical indications: results of a randomized controlled trial. Surgery 2001; 129: 445-450.
10. Chapman WC, Clavien PA, Fung J, Khanna A, Bonham A. Effective control of hepatic bleeding with a novel collagen-based composite combined with autologous plasma: results of a randomized controlled trial. Arch Surg 2000; 135: 1200-1204.
11. Milkes DE, Friedland S, Lin OS, Reid TR, Soetikno RM. A novel method to control severe upper GI bleeding from metastatic cancer with a hemostatic sealant: the CoStasis surgical hemostat. Gastrointest Endosc 2002; 55: 735-740.
12. Bochicchio GV, Arciero C, Scalea TM. 'The hemostat wrap' a new technique in splenorrhaphy. J Trauma 2005; 59: 1003-1006.
13. Hallak OK, Cubeddu RJ, Griffith RA, Reyes BJ. The use of the D-STAT® dry bandage for the control of vascular access site bleeding: a multicenter experience in 376 patients. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2007; 30: 593-600.
14. Elian D, Guetta V, Alcalai R, Lotan C, Segev A. Early mobilization after diagnostic cardiac catheterization with the use of a hemostatic bandage containing thrombin. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 2006; 7: 61-63.
15. Kitamura K, Yasuoka R, Ohara M, Shimotsuma M, Hagiwara A, Yamane T et al. How safe are the xenogeneic hemostats - report of a case of severe systemic allergic reaction. Surg Today 1995; 25: 433-435.
16. O'Shaughnessy BA, Schafernak KT, DiPatri AJ, Goldman S, Tomita T. A granulomatous reaction to Avitene mimicking recurrence of a medulloblastoma - case report. J Neurosurg 2006; 104(Suppl): 33-36.
17. Nakajima M, Kamei T, Tomimatu K, Manabe T. An intraperitoneal tumorous mass caused by granulomas of microfibrillar collagen hemostat (Avitene). Arch Pathol Lab Med 1995; 119: 1161-1163.
18. Doita M, Nishida K, Kurosaka M. Radiculopathy due to microfibrillar collagen hemostat mimicking recurrence of disc herniation. Skeletal Radiol 2006; 35: 953-955.
19. Integra NeuroSciences, Integra LifeSciences Corporation. Helitene®: the Absorbable Collagen Hemostatic Agent. http://www.integra-ls.com/PDFs/Helitene.pdf [accessed 7 September 2007].
20. Robicsek F. Microfibrillar collagen hemostat in cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004; 127: 1228.
21. Szpalski M, Gunzburg R, Sztern B. An overview of blood-sparing techniques used in spine surgery during the perioperative period. Eur Spine J 2004; 13(Suppl 1): S18-S27.
22. Sabel M, Stummer W. The use of local agents: Surgicel and Surgifoarn. Eur Spine J 2004; 13(Suppl 1): S97-S101.
23. Oz MC, Rondinone JF, Shargill NS. FloSeal Matrix: new generation topical hemostatic sealant. J Card Surg 2003; 18: 486-493.
24. Renkens KL Jr, Payner TD, Leipzig TJ, Feuer H, Morone MA, Koers JM et al. A multicenter, prospective, randomized trial evaluating a new hemostatic agent for spinal surgery. Spine 2001; 26: 1645-1650.
25. Oz MC, Cosgrove DM III, Badduke BR, Hill JD, Flannery MR, Palumbo R et al. Controlled clinical trial of a novel hemostatic agent in cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2000; 69: 1376-1382.
26. Weaver FA, Hood DB, Zatina M, Messina L, Badduke B. Gelatin-thrombin- based hemostatic sealant for intraoperative bleeding in vascular surgery. Ann Vasc Surg 2002; 16: 286-293.
27. Mathiasen RA. Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial of a novel matrix hemostatic sealant in patients with acute anterior epistaxis. Laryngoscope 2005; 115: 899-902.
28. Jameson M, Gross CW, Kountakis SE. FloSeal use in endoscopic sinus surgery: effect on postoperative bleeding and synechiae formation. Am J Otolaryngol 2006; 27: 86-90.
29. Baumann A, Caversaccio M. Hemostasis in endoscopic sinus surgery using a specific gelatin-thrombin based agent (FloSeal). Rhinology 2003; 41: 244-249.
30. Chandra RK, Conley DB, Haines GK III, Kern RC. Long-term effects of FloSeal packing after endoscopic sinus surgery. Am J Rhinol 2005; 19: 240-243.
31. Richter F, Schnorr D, Deger S, Trk I, Roigas J, Wille A et al. Improvement of hemostasis in open and laparoscopically performed partial nephrectomy using a gelatin matrix-thrombin tissue sealant (FloSeal). Urology 2003; 61: 73-77.
32. Bak JB, Singh A, Shekarriz B. Use of gelatin matrix thrombin tissue sealant as an effective hemostatic agent during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. J Urol 2004; 171: 780-782.
33. Gill IS, Ramani AP, Spaliviero M, Xu M, Finelli A, Kaouk JH et al. Improved hemostasis during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using gelatin matrix thrombin sealant. Urology 2005; 65: 463-466.
34. Nagele U, Schilling D, Kuczyk M, Anastasiadis A, Stenzl A, Sievert KD. The use of Floseal® to close the track of the mini-PCNL shortens the hospital stay. Eur Urol Suppl 2005; 4: 197 (Abstract).
35. Klemcke HG. Evaluation of FloSeal as a potential intracavitary hemostatic agent. J Trauma 2006; 60: 385-389.
36. Barbolt TA, Odin M, Leger M, Kangas L. Pre-clinical subdural tissue reaction and absorption study of absorbable hemostatic devices. Neurol Res 2001; 23: 537-542.
37. Kheirabadi BS, Field-Ridley A, Pearson R, MacPhee M, Drohan W, Tuthill D. Comparative study of the efficacy of the common topical hemostatic agents with fibrin sealant in a rabbit aortic anastomosis model. J Surg Res 2002; 106: 99-107.
38. Kanko M, Liman T, Topcu S. A low-cost and simple method to stop intraoperative leakage-type bleeding: use of the vancomycin-oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) sandwich. J Invest Surg 2006; 19: 323-327.
39. Spangler D, Rothenburger S, Nguyen K, Jampani H, Weiss S, Bhende S. In vitro antimicrobial activity of oxidized regenerated cellulose against antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Surg Infect 2003; 4: 255-262.
40. Mair H, Kaczmarek I, Oberhoffer M, Groetzner J, Daebritz S, Reichart B. Surgicel Nu-Knit hemostat for bleeding control of fragile sternum. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 130: 605-606.
41. Dryjski ML, Litwinski RA, Karakousis CP. Internal packing in the control of hemorrhage from large retroperitoneal veins. Am J Surg 2005; 189: 208-210.
42. Sharma JB, Malhotra M, Pundir P. Laparoscopic oxidized cellulose (Surgicel) application for small uterine perforations. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003; 83: 271-275.
43. Sharma JB, Malhotra M. Topical oxidized cellulose for tubal hemorrhage hemostasis during laparoscopic sterilization. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003; 82: 221-222.
44. Sharma JB, Malhotra M. Successful management of uterine incision hemorrhage in caesarean section with topical oxidized regenerated cellulose (Surgicel Nu Knit): a case report. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2006; 274: 115-116.
45. Gao HW, Lin CK, Yu CP, Yu MS, Chen A. Oxidized cellulose (Surgicel™) granuloma mimicking a primary ovarian tumor. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2002; 21: 422-423.
46. Azmy AF. Oxidized cellulose haemostat mimicking a possible recurrence of neuroblastoma. BJU Int 2001; 88: 295-296.
47. Somani BK, Kasthuri RS, Shave RM, Emtage LA Surgicel granuloma mimicking a renal tumour. Surgery 2006; 139: 451.
48. Kothbauer KF, Jallo GI, Siffert J, Jimenez E, Allen JC, Epstein FJ. Foreign body reaction to hemostatic materials mimicking recurrent brain tumor. Report of three cases. J Neurosurg 2001; 95: 503-506.
49. Sandhu GS, ElexpuruCamiruaga JA, Buckley S. Oxidized cellulose (Surgicel®) granulomata mimicking tumour recurrence. Br J Neurosurg 1996; 10: 617-619.
50. Ibrahim MF, Aps C, Young CP. A foreign body reaction to Surgicel® mimicking an abscess following cardiac surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2002; 22: 489-490.
51. Dogan S, Kocaeli H, Doygun M. Oxidised regenerated cellulose as a cause of paraplegia after thoracotomy: case report and review of the literature. Spinal Cord 2005; 43: 445-447.
52. John J, Manoj P, Nair SG, Chandrasekharan AP, Satyaprasad V. Paraplegia after thoracotomy: an unusual cause. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2006; 20: 696-699.
53. Iwabuchi S, Koike K, Okabe T, Tago S, Murakami T. Iatrogenic paraplegia caused by surgicel used for hemostasis during a thoracotomy: report of a case. Surg Today 1997; 27: 969-970.
54. Henry MCW, Tashjian DB, Kasowski H, Duncan C, Moss RL. Postoperative paraplegia secondary to the use of oxidized cellulose (Surgicel). J Pediatr Surg 2005; 40: E9-E11.
55. Nagamatsu M, Podratz J, Windebank AJ, Low PA. Acidity is involved in the development of neuropathy caused by oxidized cellulose. J Neurol Sci 1997; 146: 97-102.
56. Arat YO, Dorotheo EU, Tang RA, Boniuk M, Schiffrnan JS. Compressive optic neuropathy after use of oxidized regenerated cellulose in orbital surgery: review of complications, prophylaxis, and treatment. Ophthalmology 2006; 113: 333-337.
57. Brodbelt AR, Miles JB, Foy PM, Broome JC. Intraspinal oxidised cellulose (Surgicel®) causing delayed paraplegia after thoracotomy - a report of three cases. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2002; 84: 97-99.
58. Fink D, Klein JJ, Kang H, Ergin MA Application of biological glue in repair of intracardiac structural defects. Ann Thorac Surg 2004; 77: 506-511.
59. Coselli JS, Bavaria JE, Fehrenbacher J, Stowe CL, Macheers SK, Gundry SR. Prospective randomized study of a protein-based tissue adhesive used as a hemostatic and structural adjunct in cardiac and vascular anastomotic repair procedures. J Am Coll Surg 2003; 197: 243-252.
60. Hidas G, Kastin A, Mullerad M, Shental J, Moskovitz B, Nativ O. Sutureless nephron-sparing surgery: use of albumin glutaraldehyde tissue adhesive (BioGlue). Urology 2006; 67: 697-700.
61. Nadler RB, Loeb S, Rubenstein RA, Vardi IY. Use of BioGlue in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Urology 2006; 68: 416-418.
62. Biggs G, Hafron J, Feliciano J, Hoenig DM. Treatment of splenic injury during laparoscopic nephrectomy with BioGlue, a surgical adhesive. Urology 2005; 66: 882e.3-882e.5.
63. Passage J, Tam R, Windsor M, O'Brien M. BioGlue: a review of the use of this new surgical adhesive in thoracic surgery. ANZ J Surg 2005; 75: 315-318.
64. Chao HH, Torchiana DF. BioGlue: albumin/glutaraldehyde sealant in cardiac surgery. J Card Surg 2003; 18: 500-503.
65. Yuen T, Kaye AH. Persistence of Bioglue® in spinal dural repair. J Clin Neurosci 2005; 12: 100-101.
66. Dunst KM, Antretter H, Bonatti J. Control of suture hole bleeding after aortic valve replacement by application of BioGlue™ during circulatory arrest. Int Heart J 2005; 46: 175-179.
67. Kumar A, Maartens NF, Kaye AH. Evaluation of the use of BioGlue® in neurosurgical procedures. J Clin Neurosci 2003; 10: 661-664.
68. Hewitt CW, Marra SW, Kann BR, Tran HS, Puc MM, Chrzanowski FA Jr et al. BioGlue surgical adhesive for thoracic aortic repair during coagulopathy: efficacy and histopathology. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 71: 1609-1612.
69. Erasmi AW, Sievers HH, Wohlschlager C. Inflammatory response after BioGlue application. Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 73: 1025-1026.
70. Klimo P Jr, Khalil A, Slotkin JR, Smith ER, Scott RM, Goumnerova LC. Wound complications associated with the use of bovine serum albumin- glutaraldehyde surgical adhesive in pediatric patients. Neurosurgery 2007; 60(Suppl 2): 305-309.
71. Mahmood Z, Cook DS, Luckraz H, O'Keefe P. Fatal right ventricular infarction caused by Bioglue coronary embolism. J Thorac Cardiovascr Surg 2004; 128: 770-771.
72. Bernabeu E, Castella M, Barriuso C, Mulet J. Acute limb ischemia due to embolization of biological glue after repair of type A aortic dissection. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2005; 4: 329-331.
73. LeMaire SA, Carter SA, Won T, Wang XW, Conklin LD, Coselli JS. The threat of adhesive embolization: BioGlue leaks through needle holes in aortic tissue and prosthetic grafts. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 80: 106-111.
74. LeMaire SA, Schmittling ZC, Coselli JS, Undar A, Deady BA, Clubb FJ Jr et al. BioGlue surgical adhesive impairs aortic growth and causes anastomotic strictures. Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 73: 1500-1505.
75. Economopoulos GC, Dimitrakakis GK, Brountzos E, Kelekis DA. Superior vena cava stenosis: a delayed BioGlue complication. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004; 127: 1819-1821.
76. Devbhandari MP, Chaudhery Q, Duncan AJ. Acute intraoperative malfunction of aortic valve due to surgical glue. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81: 1499-1500.
77. Shapira Y, Raanani E, Sagie A. 'BioGlue' as a possible cause of acute blocked mechanical mitral valve leaflet. J Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 47: 581-583.
78. Szafranek A, Podila SR, Al-Khyatt W, Kulatilake EN. Aseptic mediastinal cyst caused by BioGlue 7 months after cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 131: 1202-1203.
79. Haj-Yahia S, Mittel T, Birks E, Carby M, Petrou M, Pepper J et al. Lung fibrosis as a potential complication of the hemostatic tissue sealant, biologic glue (Bioglue). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 133: 1387-1388.
80. Ngaage DL, Edwards WD, Bell MR, Sundt TM. A cautionary note regarding long-term sequelae of biologic glue. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 129: 937-938.
81. Fischer TH, Bode AP, Demcheva M, Vournakis JN. Hemostatic properties of glucosamine-based materials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2007; 80A: 167-174.
82. Murat FJL, Ereth MH, Dong Y, Piedra MP, Gettman MT. Evaluation of microporous polysaccharide hemospheres as a novel hemostatic agent in open partial nephrectomy: favorable experimental results in the porcine model. J Urol 2004; 172: 1119-1122.
83. Hirsch JA, Reddy SA, Capasso WE, Linfante I. Non-invasive hemostatic closure devices: 'patches and pads'. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2003; 6: 92-95.
84. Favuzza J, Hechtman HB. Hemostasis in the absence of clotting factors. J Trauma 2004; 57(Suppl 1): S42-S44.
85. Ikeda Y, Young LH, Vournakis JN, Lefer AM. Vascular effects of poly-N-acetylglucosamine in isolated rat aortic rings. J Surg Res 2002; 102: 215-220.
86. Thatte HS, Zagarins S, Khuri SF, Fischer TH. Mechanisms of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine polymer-mediated hemostasis: platelet interactions. J Trauma 2004; 57(Suppl): S13-S21.
87. Fischer TH, Thatte HS, Nichols TC, Bender-Neal DE, Bellinger DA, Vournakis JN. Synergistic platelet integrin signaling and factor XII activation in poly-N-acetyl glucosamine fiber-mediated hemostasis. Biomaterials 2005; 26: 5433-5443.
88. Thatte HS, Zagarins SE, Amiji M, Khuri SF. Poly-N-acetyl glucosamine-mediated red blood cell interactions. J Trauma 2004; 57(Suppl): S7-S12.
89. Vournakis JN, Demcheva M, Whitson AB, Finkielsztein S, Connolly RJ. The RDH bandage: hemostasis and survival in a lethal aortotomy hemorrhage model. J Surg Res 2003; 113: 1-5.
90. Robinson K. Controlling bleeding in the field: hemostatic powders and dressings debut in the prehospital setting. J Emerg Nursing 2004; 30: 160-161.
91. Fischer TH, Connolly R, Thatte HS, Schwaitzberg SS. Comparison of structural and hemostatic properties of the poly-N-acetyl glucosamine Syvek Patch with products containing chitosan. Microsc Res Tech 2004; 63: 168-174.
92. Neuffer MC, McDivitt J, Rose D, King K, Cloonan CC, Vayer JS. Hemostatic dressings for the first responder: a review. Mil Med 2004; 169: 716-720.
93. Bjorses K, Holst J. Various local hemostatic agents with different modes of action; an in vivo comparative randomized vascular surgical experimental study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007; 33: 363-370.
94. Schwaitzberg SD, Chan MW, Cole DJ, Read M, Nichols T, Bellinger D et al. Comparison of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine with commercially available topical hemostats for achieving hemostasis in coagulopathic models of splenic hemorrhage. J Trauma 2004; 57(Suppl): S29-S32.
95. Chan MW, Schwaitzberg SD, Demcheva M, Vournakis J, Finkielsztein S, Connolly RJ. Comparison of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine (P-GlcNAc) with absorbable collagen (Actifoam), and fibrin sealant (Bolheal) for achieving hemostasis in a swine model of splenic hemorrhage. J Trauma 2000; 48: 454-457.
96. Cole DJ, Connolly RJ, Chan MW, Schwaitzberg SD, Byrne TK, Adams DB et al. A pilot study evaluating the efficacy of a fully acetylated poly-N-acetyl glucosamine membrane formulation as a topical hemostatic agent. Surgery 1999; 126: 510-517.
97. Najjar SF, Healey NA, Healey CM, McGarry T, Khan B, Thatte HS et al. Evaluation of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine as a hemostatic agent in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization: a double-blind, randomized study. J Trauma 2004; 57(Suppl): S38-S41.
98. Connolly RJ. Application of the poly-N-acetyl glucosamine-derived rapid deployment hemostat trauma dressing in severe/lethal swine hemorrhage trauma models. J Trauma 2004; 57(Suppl): S26-S28.
99. Jewelewicz DD, Cohn SM, Crookes BA, Proctor KG. Modified rapid deployment hemostat bandage reduces blood loss and mortality in coagulopathic pigs with severe liver injury. J Trauma 2003; 55: 275-280.
100. King DR, Cohn SM, Proctor KG; Miami Clinical Trials Group. Modified rapid deployment hemostat bandage terminates bleeding in coagulopathic patients with severe visceral injuries. J Trauma 2004; 57: 756-759.
101. King DR, de Moya MM, McKenney MG, Cohn SM. Modified rapid deployment hemostat terminates bleeding from hepatic rupture in third trimester. J Trauma 2006; 61: 739-742.
102. Wedmore I, McManus JG, Pusateri AE, Holcomb JB. A special report on the chitosan-based hemostatic dressing: experience in current combat operations. J Trauma 2006; 60: 655-658.
103. Bachtell N, Goodell T, Grunkemeier G, Jin RY, Gregory K. Treatment of dialysis access puncture wound bleeding with chitosan dressings. Dial Transpl 2006; 35: 672-681.
104. Acheson EM, Kheirabadi BS, Deguzman R, Dick EJ Jr, Holcomb JB. Comparison of hemorrhage control agents applied to lethal extremity arterial hemorrhages in swine. J Trauma 2005; 59: 865-874.
105. Mlekusch W, Dick P, Haumer M, Sabeti S, Minar E, Schillinger M. Arterial puncture site management after percutaneous transluminal procedures using a hemostatic wound dressing (Clo-Sur P.A.D.) versus conventional manual compression: a randomized controlled trial. J Endovasc Ther 2006; 13: 23-31.
106. Nguyen N, Hasan S, Caufield L, Ling FS, Narins CR. Randomized controlled trial of topical hemostasis pad use for achieving vascular hemostasis following percutaneous coronary intervention. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2007; 69: 801-807.
107. Ahmed Z, Lee J, Elivera H, Shah A, Ranganna KM. Use of microporous polysaccharide particles in prolonged vascular access bleeding after hemodialysis. Presented to the American Society of Nephrology, 1 November 2002; http://www.medaforinc.com/research/index.html [accessed 12 September 2007].
108. Ereth MH, Dong Y, Gordon EA, Nuttall GA, Oliver WC. Microporous polysaccharide hemospheres provide effective topical hemostasis in a human modified bleeding time incision model. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiology, Orlando, Florida, 2002; http://www. medaforinc.com/research/index.html [accessed 12 September 2007].
109. Jensen DM, Machicado GA, Hirabayashi K. Randomized double-blind studies of polysaccharide gel compared with glue and other agents for hemostasis of large veins and bleeding canine esophageal or gastric varices. J Trauma 2004; 57(Suppl): S33-S37.
110. Galownia J, Martin J, Davis ME. Aluminophosphate-based, microporous materials for blood clotting. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 2006; 92: 61-63.
111. Hunt KE, Crookston KP. Hemostatic agent QuikClot™ activates coagulation directly via the contact pathway. Transfusion 2003; 43: 6A.
112. Pusateri AE, Delgado AV, Dick EJ Jr, Martinez RS, Holcomb JB, Ryan KL. Application of a granular mineral-based hemostatic agent (QuikClot) to reduce blood loss after grade V liver injury in swine. J Trauma 2004; 57: 555-562.
113. Ahuja N, Ostomel TA, Rhee P, Stucky GD, Conran R, Chen Z, et al. Testing of modified zeolite hemostatic dressings in a large animal model of lethal groin injury. J Trauma 2006; 61: 1312-1320.
114. Alam HB, Chen Z, Jaskille A, Querol RILC, Koustova E, Inocencio R et al. Application of a zeolite hemostatic agent achieves 100% survival in a lethal model of complex groin injury in swine. J Trauma 2004; 56: 974-983.
115. Alam HB, Uy GB, Miller D, Koustova E, Hancock T, Inocencio R et al. Comparative analysis of hemostatic agents in a swine model of lethal groin injury. J Trauma 2003; 54: 1077-1082.
116. Mahajna A, Hirsh M, Krausz MM. Use of the hemostatic agent QuikClot® for the treatment of massive splenic injury in a rat model. Eur Surg Res 2007; 39: 251-257.
117. Margulis V, Matsumoto ED, Svatek R, Kabbani W, Cadeddu JA, Lotan Y. Application of novel hemostatic agent during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. J Urol 2005; 174: 761-764.
118. Wright FL, Hua HT, Velmahos G, Thoman D, Demitriades D, Rhee PM. Intracorporeal use of the hemostatic agent QuickClot in a coagulopathic patient with combined thoracoabdominal penetrating trauma. J Trauma 2004; 56: 205-208.
119. Ward KR, Tiba MH, Holbert WH, Blocher CR, Draucker GT, Proffitt EK et al. Comparison of a new hemostatic agent to current combat hemostatic agents in a swine model of lethal extremity arterial hemorrhage. J Trauma 2007; 63: 276-283.
120. Wright JK, Kalns J, Wolf EA, Traweek F, Schwarz S, Loeffler CK et al. Thermal injury resulting from application of a granular mineral hemostatic agent. J Trauma 2004; 57: 224-230.
121. McManus J, Hurtado T, Pusateri A, Knoop KJ. A case series describing thermal injury resulting from zeolite use for hemorrhage control in combat operations. Prehosp Emerg Care 2007; 11: 67-71.
122. Omidian H, Rocca JG, Park K. Advances in superporous hydrogels. J Control Release 2005; 102: 3-12.
123. Odom IE. Smectite clay-minerals - properties and uses. Phil Trans R Soc London Ser A 1984; 311: 391-409.
124. Cancio LC. Comparison of a new hemostatic agent to current combat hemostatic agents in a swine model of lethal extremity arterial hemorrhage - editorial comment. J Trauma 2007; 63: 283-284.
125. Albala DM. Fibrin sealants in clinical practice. Cardiovasc Surg 2003; 11(Suppl 1): 5-11.
126. Saed GM, Kruger M, Diamond MP. Enhanced matrix metalloproteinase expression by Tisseel in mesothelial cells, normal peritoneal fibroblasts, and adhesion fibroblasts. Eur J Plast Surg 2006; 28: 472-479.
127. Krishnan LK, Mohanty M, Umashankar PR, Lal AV. Comparative evaluation of absorbable hemostats: advantages of fibrin-based sheets. Biomaterials 2004; 25: 5557-5563.
128. Inaloz SS, Ak HE, Vayla V, Akin M, Asian A, Sari I et al. Comparison of microsuturing to the use of tissue adhesives in anastomosing sciatic nerve cuts in rats. Neurosurg Rev 1997; 20: 250-258.
129. Buchta C, Hedrich HC, Macher M, Hocker P, Redl H. Biochemical characterization of autologous fibrin sealants produced by CryoSeal® and Vivostat® in comparison to the homologous fibrin sealant product Tissucol/Tisseel®. Biomaterials 2005; 26: 6233-6241.
130. Ryou M, Thompson CC. Tissue adhesives: a review. Tech Gastrointest Endosc 2006; 8: 33-37.
131. Busuttil RW. A comparison of antifibrinolytic agents used in hemostatic fibrin sealants. J Am Coll Surg 2003; 197: 1021-1028.
132. Kheirabadi BS, Pearson R, Rudnicka K, Somwaru L, MacPhee M, Drohan W et al. Development of an animal model for assessment of the hemostatic efficacy of fibrin sealant in vascular surgery. J Surg Res 2001 ; 100: 84-92.
133. Schenk WG III, Goldthwaite CA, Burks S, Spotnitz WD. Fibrin sealant facilitates hemostasis in arteriovenous polytetrafluoroethylene grafts for renal dialysis access. Am Surg 2002; 68: 728-732.
134. Nervi C, Gamelli RL, Greenhalgh DG, Luterman A, Hansbrough JF, Achauer BM et al. A multicenter clinical trial to evaluate the topical hemostatic efficacy of fibrin sealant in burn patients. J Burn Care Rehabil 2001; 22: 99-103.
135. Jackson MR, Gillespie DL, Longenecker EG, Goff JM, Fiala LA, O'Donnell SD et al. Hemostatic efficacy of fibrin sealant (human) on expanded poly-tetrafiuoroethylene carotid patch angioplasty: a randomized clinical trial. J Vasc Surg 1999; 30: 461-466.
136. Richmon JD, Tian Y, HussemanJ, Davidson TM. Use of a sprayed fibrin hemostatic sealant after laser therapy for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia epistaxis. Am J Rhinol 2007; 21: 187-191.
137. Vaiman M, Eviatar E, Shlamkovich N, Segal S. Use of fibrin glue as a hemostatic in endoscopic sinus surgery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2005; 114: 237-241.
138. Vaiman M, Sarfaty S, Shlamkovich N, Segal S, Eviatar E. Fibrin sealant: alternative to nasal packing in endonasal operations. A prospective randomized study. Isr Med Assoc J 2005; 7: 571-574.
139. Vaiman M, Eviatar E, Segal S. Effectiveness of second-generation fibrin glue in endonasal operations. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002; 126: 388-391.
140. Vaiman M, Eviatar E, Segal S. The use of fibrin glue as hemostatic in endonasal operations: a prospective, randomized study. Rhinology 2002; 40: 185-188.
141. Vaiman M, Segal S, Eviatar E. Fibrin glue treatment for epistaxis. Rhinology 2002; 40: 88-91.
142. Sintler MP, Mahmood A, Smith SRG, Simms MH, Vohra RK. Randomized trial comparing Quixil surgical sealant with Kaltostat hemostatic dressing to control suture line bleeding after carotid endarterectomy with ePTFE patch reconstruction. World J Surg 2005; 29: 1259-1262.
143. Schwartz M, Madariaga J, Hirose R, Shaver TR, Sher L, Chari R et al. Comparison of a new fibrin sealant with standard topical hemostatic agents. Arch Surg 2004; 139: 1148-1154.
144. Nur I, Lyahovetsky Y, Bar L, Schon M. Commercial fibrin sealants are not equivalent in a rabbit liver-resection model which quantitatively evaluates hemostasis and formation of adhesions. Eur Surg Res 2005; 37: 159-165.
145. Ali SN, Moiemen NS. Use of Quixil human surgical sealant in achieving hemostasis on a skin graft recipient site of a fully heparinized patient. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006; 117: 339-340.
146. Pruthi RS, Chun J, RichmanM. The use of a fibrin tissue sealant during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. BJU Int 2004; 93: 813-817.
147. Shah HN, Hegde S, Shah JN, Mohile PD, Yuvaraja TB, Bansal MB. A prospective, randomized trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of fibrin sealant in tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy. J Urol 2006; 176: 2488-2492.
148. Kassam A, Horowitz M, Carrau R, Snyderman C, Welch W, Hirsch B et al. Use of tisseel fibrin sealant in neurosurgical procedures: incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leaks and cost-benefit analysis in a retrospective study. Neurosurgery 2003; 52: 1102-1105.
149. Van Poppel H, Siemer S, Lahme S, Altziebler S, Machtens S, Strohmaier W et al. Kidney tumour resection with use of TachoSil as haemostatic treatment. Eur Urol Suppl 2006; 5: 180 (Abstract).
150. Frilling A, Stavrou GA, Mischinger HJ, de Hemptinne B, Rokkjaer M, Klempnauer J et al. Effectiveness of a new carrier-bound fibrin sealant versus argon beamer as haemostatic agent during liver resection: a randomised prospective trial. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2005; 390: 114-120.
151. Joseph T, Adeosun A, Paes T, Bahal V. Randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of TachoComb H patches in controlling PTFE suture-hole bleeding. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2004; 27: 549-552.
152. Carbon RT, Baar S, Waldschmidt J, Huemmer HP, Simon SI. Innovative minimally invasive pediatric surgery is of therapeutic value for splenic injury. J Pediatr Surg 2002; 37: 1146-1150.
153. Muto A, Nishibe T, Kondo Y, Sato M, Yamashita M, Ando M. Sutureless repair with TachoComb sheets for oozing type postinfarction cardiac rupture. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 79: 2143-2145.
154. Nakajima K, Yasumasa K, Endo S, Takahashi T, Kai Y, Nezu R et al. A simple application technique of fibrin-coated collagen fleece (TachoComb) in laparoscopic surgery. Surg Today 2007; 37: 176-179.
155. Haas S. The use of a surgical patch coated with human coagulation factors in surgical routine: a multicenter postauthorization surveillance. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2006; 12: 445-450.
156. Davidson BR, Burnett S, Javed MS, Seifalian A, Moore D, Doctor N. Experimental study of a novel fibrin sealant for achieving haemostasis following partial hepatectomy. Br J Surg 2000; 87: 790-795.
157. Hanks JB, Kjaergard HK, Hollingsbee DA. A comparison of the haemostatic effect of Vivostat® patient-derived fibrin sealant with oxidised cellulose (Surgicel®) in multiple surgical procedures. EurSurg Res 2003; 35: 439-444.
158. Drake DB, Wong LG. Hemostatic effect of Vivostat patient-derived fibrin sealant on split-thickness skin graft donor sites. Ann Plast Surg 2003; 50: 367-372.
159. Schips L, Dalpiaz O, Cestari A, Lipsky K, Gidaro S, Zigeuner R et al. Autologous fibrin glue using the Vivostat system for hemostasis in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Eur Urol 2006; 50: 801-805.
160. Belboul A, Dernevik L, Aljassim O, Skrbic B, Radberg G, Roberts D. The effect of autologous fibrin sealant (Vivostat®) on morbidity after pulmonary lobectomy: a prospective randomised, blinded study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004; 26: 1187-1191.
161. Schenk WG III, Burks SG, Gagne PJ, Kagan SA, Lawson JH, Spotnitz WD. Fibrin sealant improves hemostasis in peripheral vascular surgery: a randomized prospective trial. Ann Surg 2003; 237: 871-876.
162. Joch C. The safety of fibrin sealants. Cardiovasc Surg 2003; 11(Suppl 1): 23-28.
163. Hino M, Ishiko O, Honda KI, Yamane T, Ohta K, Takubo T, et al. Transmission of symptomatic parvovirus B19 infection by fibrin sealant used during surgery. Br J Haematol 2000; 108: 194-195.
164. Ortel TL, Mercer MC, Thames EH, Moore KD, Lawson JH. Immunologic impact and clinical outcomes after surgical exposure to bovine thrombin. Ann Surg 2001; 233: 88-96.
165. Nelson PA, Powers JN, Estridge TD, Elder EA, Alea AD, Sidhu PK et al. Serological analysis of patients treated with a new surgical hemostat containing bovine proteins and autologous plasma. J Biomed Mater Res 2001; 58: 710-719.
166. Wai Y, Tsui V, Peng Z, Richardson R, Oreopoulos D, Tarlo SM. Anaphylaxis from topical bovine thrombin (Thrombostat®) during haemodialysis and evaluation of sensitization among a dialysis population. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33: 1730-1734.
167. Pope M, Johnston KW. Anaphylaxis after thrombin injection of a femoral pseudoaneurysm: recommendations for prevention. J Vasc Surg 2000; 32: 190-191.
168. Tadokoro K, Ohtoshi T, Takafuji S, Nakajima K, Suzuki S, Yamamoto K et al. Topical thrombin-induced IgE-mediated anaphylaxis: RAST analysis and skin-test studies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991; 88: 620-629.
169. Poynton AR, Nelson MC, McCance SE, Levine RL, O'Leary PF. Bovine thrombin induces an acquired coagulopathy in sensitized patients undergoing revision spinal surgery: a report of two cases. Spine 2003; 28: E221-E223.
170. Lawson JH, Lynn KA, Vanmatre RM, Domzalski T, Klemp KF, Ortel TL et al. Antihuman factor V antibodies after use of relatively pure bovine thrombin. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 79: 1037-1038.
171. Christie RJ, Carrington L, Alving B. Postoperative bleeding induced by topical bovine thrombin: report of two cases. Surgery 1997; 121: 708-710.
172. Banninger H, Hardegger T, Tobler A, Barth A, Schupbach P, Reinhart W et al. Fibrin glue in surgery: frequent development of inhibitors of bovine thrombin and human factor-V. Br J Haematol 1993; 85: 528-532.
173. Beierlein W, Scheule AM, Dietrich W, Ziemer G. Forty years of clinical aprotinin use: a review of 124 hypersensitivity reactions. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 79: 741-748.
174. Kaddoum RN, Chidiac EJ, Zestos MM, Rajan SD, Baraka A. An anaphylactic reaction after primary exposure to an aprotinin test dose in a child with a
175. Dietrich W, Ebell A, Busley R, Boulesteix A. Aprotinin and anaphylaxis: analysis of 12 403 exposures to aprotinin in cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2007; 84: 1144-1150.
176. Drake DB, Faulkner BC, Amiss LR Jr, Spotnitz WD, Morgan RF. Thrombogenic effects of a nonthrombin-based fibrin sealant compared with thrombin-based fibrin sealant on microvenous anastomoses in a rat model. Ann Plast Surg 2000; 45: 520-524.
177. Frost-Arner U, Spotnitz WD, Rodeheaver GT, Drake DB. Comparison of the thrombogenicity of internationally available fibrin sealants in an established microsurgical model. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001; 108: 1655-1660.
178. Torchiana DF. Polyethylene glycol based synthetic sealants: potential uses in cardiac surgery. J Card Surg 2003; 18: 504-506.
179. Macchiarini P, Wain J, Almy S, Dartevelle P. Experimental and clinical evaluation of a new synthetic, absorbable sealant to reduce air leaks in thoracic operations. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999; 117: 751-758.
180. Ranger WR, Halpin D, Sawhney AS, Lyman M, Locicero J. Pneumostasis of experimental air leaks with a new photopolymerized synthetic tissue sealant. Am Surg 1997; 63: 788-795.
181. Glickman M, Gheissari A, Money S, Martin J, Ballard JL. A polymeric sealant inhibits anastomotic suture hole bleeding more rapidly than gelfoam/thrombin: results of a randomized controlled trial. Arch Surg 2002; 137: 326-331.
182. Otani Y, Tabata Y, Ikada Y. Hemostatic capability of rapidly curable glues from gelatin, poly(L-glutamic acid), and carbodiimide. Biomaterials 1998; 19: 2091-2098.
183. Hartgerink JD. Nanomedicine: new material stops bleeding in a hurry. Nature Nanotech 2006; 1: 166-167.
184. Ellis-Behnke RG, Liang Y, Tay DKC, Kau PWF, Schneider GE, Zhang S et al. Nano hemostat solution: immediate hemostasis at the nanoscale. Nanomedicine 2006; 2: 207-215.
185. Sirlak M, Eryilmaz S, Yazicioglu L, Kiziltepe U, Eyileten Z, Durdu MS et al. Comparative study of microfibrillar collagen (Colgel) and oxidized cellulose (Surgicel) in transfusion-risk cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003; 126: 666-670.
186. Tuthill DD, Bayer V, Gallagher AM, Drohan WN, MacPhee MJ. Assessment of topical hemostats in a renal hemorrhage model in heparinized rats. J Surg Res 2001; 95: 126-132.