Differential mobilization of blubber fatty acids in lactating weddell seals: Evidence for selective use

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

Volumn 81, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 651-662

  Wheatley, Kathryn E ^a   Nichols, Peter D ^a,b   Hindell, Mark A ^a   Harcourt, Robert G ^c   Bradshaw, Corey J A ^a,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA   (Australia)

^b CSIRO   (Australia)

^c MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^d CHARLES DARWIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FATTY ACID;

BIOENERGETICS; DIET; FAT RESERVE; FATTY ACID; LACTATION; METABOLISM; MILK PRODUCTION; MOBILIZATION; PINNIPED;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ANIMAL; ANTARCTICA; ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEMALE; LACTATION; METABOLISM; MILK; PHOCA; PHYSIOLOGY; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ANIMALS; ANTARCTIC REGIONS; ENERGY METABOLISM; FATTY ACIDS; FEMALE; LACTATION; MILK; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; SEALS, EARLESS;

LEPTONYCHOTES WEDDELLII; MAMMALIA;

EID: 52149102485     PISSN: 15222152     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/590397     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Arnould J.P.Y., I.L. Boyd, and D.G. Socha. 1996. Milk consumption and growth efficiency in Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) pups. Can J Zool 74:254-266.
2. Arnould J.P.Y. and M.A. Hindell. 2002. Milk composition, body composition and pre-weaning growth rates of Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) pups. J Zool (Lond) 256:351-359.
3. Birkeland A., K.M. Kovacs, C. Lydersen, and O. Grahl-Nielsen. 2005. Transfer of fatty acids from mothers to their calves during lactation in white whales Delphinapterus leucas. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 298:287-294.
4. Bligh E.G. and W.J. Dyer. 1959. A rapid method of lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:911-917.
5. Boness D.J. and W.D. Bowen. 1996. The evolution of maternal care in pinnipeds. BioScience 46:645-654.
6. Bonnet X., D. Bradshaw, and R. Shine. 1998. Capital versus income breeding: an ectothermic perspective. Oikos 83:333-342.
7. Bowen W.D., S.J. Iverson, D.J. Boness, and O.T. Oftedal. 2001. Foraging effort, food intake and lactation performance depend on maternal mass in a small phocid seal. Funct Ecol 15:325-334.
8. Boyd I.L. 1998. Time and energy constraints in pinniped lactation. Am Nat 152:717-728.
9. _. 2000. State-dependent fertility in pinnipeds: contrasting capital and income breeders. Funct Ecol 14:623-630.
10. Bradshaw C.J.A., M.A. Hindell, N.J. Best, K.L. Phillips, G. Wilson, and P.D. Nichols. 2003. You are what you eat: describing the foraging ecology of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) using blubber fatty acids. Proc R Soc B 270:1283-1292.
11. Budge S.M., S.J. Iverson, and H.N. Koopman. 2006. Studying trophic ecology in marine ecosystems using fatty acids: a primer on analysis and interpretation. Mar Mamm Sci 22: 759-801.
12. Burnham K.P. and D.R. Anderson. 2002. Model Selection and Multimodal Inference: A Practical Information-Theoretic Approach. Springer, New York.
13. Clarke K.R. 1993. Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure. Aust J Ecol 18:117-143.
14. Clutton-Brock T.H. 1991. The Evolution of Parental Care. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
15. Connor W.E., D.S. Lin, and C. Colvis. 1996. Differential mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue. J Lipid Res 37: 290-298.
16. Costa D.P. 1991. Reproductive and foraging energetics of pinnipeds: implications for life history patterns. Pp. 300-344 in D. Renouf, ed. The Behaviour of Pinnipeds. Chapman & Hall, London.
17. Costa D.P. and R.L. Gentry. 1986. Free-ranging energetics of northern fur seals. Pp. 79-101 in R.L. Gentry and G.L. Kooyman, eds. Fur Seals: Maternal Strategies on Land and at Sea. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
18. Costa D.P., B.J. LeBoeuf, A.C. Huntley, and C.L. Ortiz. 1986. The energetics of lactation in the northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris. J Zool (Lond) 209:21-33.
19. Dalsgaard J., M. St. John, G. Kattner, D. Müller-Navarra, and W. Hagen. 2003. Fatty acid trophic markers in the pelagic marine environment. Adv Mar Biol 46:225-340.
20. Debier C., K.M. Kovacs, C. Lydersen, E. Mignolet, and Y. Larondelle. 1999. Vitamin E and vitamin A contents, fatty acid profiles, and gross composition of harp and hooded seal milk through lactation. Can J Zool 77:952-958.
21. Egeler O., D. Seaman, and T.D. Williams. 2003. Influence of diet on fatty-acid composition of depot fat in western sandpipers (Calidris mauri). Auk 120:337-345.
22. Eisert R., O.T. Oftedal, M. Lever, S. Ramdohr, B.H. Breier, and G.K. Barrell. 2005. Detection of food intake in a marine mammal using marine osmolytes and their analogues as dietary biomarkers. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 300:213-228.
23. Ferguson S.H. 2006. The influence of environment, mating habitat, and predation on evolution of pinniped lactation strategies. J Mamm Evol 13:63-82.
24. Gales N.J. and H.R. Burton. 1987. Ultrasonic measurment of blubber thickness of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) (Linn.). Aust J Zool 35:207-217.
25. Grahl-Nielsen O., M.O. Hammill, C. Lydersen, and S. Wahlstrom. 2000. Transfer of fatty acids from female seal blubber via milk to pup blubber. J Comp Physiol 170:277-283.
26. Groscolas R. 1990. Metabolic adaptations to fasting in emperor and king penguins. Pp. 269-296 in L.S. Davis and J.T. Darby, eds. Penguin Biology. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
27. Hadley G.L., J.J. Rotella, R.A. Garrott, and J.D. Nichols. 2006. Variation in probability of first reproduction ofWeddell seals. J Anim Ecol 75:1058-1070.
28. Hall A.J. and B.J. McConnell. 2007. Measuring changes in juvenile gray seal body composition. Mar Mamm Sci 23:650-665.
29. Harshman L.G. and A.J. Zera. 2006. The cost of reproduction: the devil in the details. Trends Ecol Evol 22:80-86.
30. Herzberg G.R. and B. Farrell. 2003. Fasting-induced, selective loss of fatty acids from muscle triacylglycerols. Nutr Res 23: 205-213.
31. Hindell M.A., M.M. Bryden, and H.R. Burton. 1994. Early growth and milk-composition in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina). Aust J Zool 42:723-732.
32. Hooker S.K., S.J. Iverson, P. Ostrom, and S.C. Smith. 2001. Diet of northern bottlenose whales inferred from fatty-acid and stable-isotope analyses of biopsy samples. Can J Zool 79:1442-1454.
33. Houston A.I., P.A. Stephens, I.L. Boyd, K.C. Harding, and J.M. McNamara. 2007. Capital or income breeding? a theoretical model of female reproductive strategies. Behav Ecol 18:241-250.
34. Innis S.M. 2005. Essential fatty acid metabolism during early development. Pp. 235-274 in D.G. Burrin and H.J. Mersmann, eds. Biology of Metabolism in Growing Animals. Elsevier Limited, Sydney.
35. Iverson S.J. 1993. Milk secretion in marine mammals in relation to foraging: can fatty acids predict diet? Symp Zool Soc Lond 66:263-291.
36. Iverson S.J., J.P.Y. Arnould, and I.L. Boyd. 1997a. Milk fatty acid signatures indicate both major and minor shifts in the diet of lactating Antarctic fur seals. Can J Zool 75:188-197.
37. Iverson S.J., W.D. Bowen, D.J. Boness, and O.T. Oftedal. 1993. The effect of maternal size and milk output on pup growth in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). Physiol Zool 66:61-88.
38. Iverson S.J., C. Field, W.D. Bowen, and W. Blanchard. 2004. Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis: a new method of estimating predator diets. Ecol Monogr 74:211-235.
39. Iverson S.J., K.J. Frost, and L.F. Lowry. 1997b. Fatty acid signatures reveal fine scale structure of foraging distribution of harbor seals and their prey in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 151:255-271.
40. Iverson S.J., M. Hamosh, and W.D. Bowen. 1995a. Lipoprotein lipase activity and its relationship to high milk fat transfer during lactation in grey seals. J Comp Physiol 165:384-395.
41. Iverson S.J., O.T. Oftedal, W.D. Bowen, D.J. Boness, and J. Sampugna. 1995b. Prenatal and postnatal transfer of fatty acids from mother to pup in the hooded seal. J Comp Physiol 165:1-12.
42. Jönsson K.I. 1997. Capital and income breeding as alternative tactics of resource use in reproduction. Oikos 78:57-66.
43. Kirsch P.E., S.J. Iverson, and W.D. Bowen. 2000. Effect of a low-fat diet on body composition and blubber fatty acids of captive juvenile harp seals (Phoca groenlandica). Physiol Biochem Zool 73:45-59.
44. Lydersen C. and K.M. Kovacs. 1999. Behaviour and energetics of ice-breeding, North Atlantic phocid seals during the lactation period. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 187:265-281.
45. Maillet D. and J.-M. Weber. 2006. Performance-enhancing role of dietary fatty acids in a long-distance migrant shorebird: the semipalmated sandpiper. J Exp Biol 209:2686-2695.
46. Mellish J.-A.E., S.J. Iverson, and W.D. Bowen. 1999. Variation in milk production and lactation performance in grey seals and consequences for pup growth and weaning characteristics. Physiol Biochem Zool 72:677-690.
47. Nieminen P., R. Käkelä, T. Pyykönen, and A.-M. Mustonen. 2006. Selective fatty acid mobilization in the American mink (Mustela vison) during food deprivation. Comp Biochem Physiol B 145:81-93.
48. Oftedal O.T. 2000. Use of maternal reserves as a lactation strategy in large mammals. Proc Nutr Soc 59:99-106.
49. Oftedal O.T. and S.J. Iverson. 1987. Hydrogen isotope methodology for measurement of milk intake and energetics of growth in suckling young. Pp. 67-96 in A.C. Huntley, D.P. Costa, G.A.J. Worthy, and M.A. Castellini, eds. Approaches to Marine Mammal Energetics. Allen, Lawrence, KS.
50. Phillips K.L., P.D. Nichols, and G.D. Jackson. 2002. Lipid and fatty acid composition of the mantle and digestive gland of four Southern Ocean squid species: implications for food-web studies. Antarct Sci 14:212-220.
51. Pierce B.J. and S.R. McWilliams. 2005. Seasonal changes in composition of lipid stores in migratory birds: causes and consequences. Condor 107:269-279.
52. Raclot T. 2003. Selective mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue triacylglycerols. Prog Lipid Res 42:257-288.
53. Raclot T. and R. Groscolas. 1993. Differential mobilization of white adipose tissue fatty acids according to chain length, unsaturation, and positional isomerism. J Lipid Res 34:1515-1526.
54. _. 1995. Selective mobilization of adipose tissue fatty acids during energy depletion in the rat. J Lipid Res 36:2164-2173.
55. R Development Core Team. 2004. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.
56. Rea L.D., R. Groscolas, E. Mioskowski, and M. Castellini. 1997. Changes in plasma fatty acids indicate change in nutritional status in developing Weddell seal pups. Polar Biol 18:351-357.
57. Samuel A.M. and G.A.J. Worthy. 2004. Variability in fatty acid composition of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) blubber as a function of body site, season, and reproductive state. Can J Zool 82:1933-1942.
58. Staniland I.J. and D. Pond. 2004. Variability in milk fatty acids: recreating a foraging trip to test dietary predictions in Antarctic fur seals. Can J Zool 82:1099-1107.
59. _. 2005. Investigating the use of milk fatty acids to detect dietary changes: a comparison with faecal analysis in Antarctic fur seals. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 294:283-294.
60. Stearns S.C. 1992. The Evolution of Life Histories. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
61. Stirling I. 1969. Ecology of the Weddell seal in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Ecology 50:574-585.
62. Taylor E.N., M.A. Malawy, D.M. Browning, S.V. Lemar, and D.F. DeNardo. 2005. Effects of food supplementation on the physiological ecology of female Western diamond-backed rattlesnakes (Crotalus atrox). Oecologia 144:206-213.
63. Trillmich F. and F.J. Weissing. 2006. Lactation patterns of pinnipeds are not explained by optimization of maternal energy delivery rates. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 60:137-149.
64. Walton M.J., R.J. Henderson, and P.P. Pomeroy. 2000. Use of blubber fatty acid profiles to distinguish dietary differences between grey seals Halichoerus grypus from two UK breeding colonies. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 193:201-208.
65. Wheatley K.E., C.J.A. Bradshaw, L.S. Davis, R.G. Harcourt, and M.A. Hindell. 2006a. Influence of maternal mass and condition on energy transfer in Weddell seals. J Anim Ecol 75: 724-733.
66. Wheatley K.E., C.J.A. Bradshaw, R.G. Harcourt, L.S. Davis, and M.A. Hindell. 2006b. Chemical immobilization of adult female Weddell seals with tiletamine and zolazepam: effects of age, condition and stage of lactation. BMC Vet Res 2:8.
67. Wheatley K.E., C.J.A. Bradshaw, R.G. Harcourt, and M.A. Hindell. 2008. Feast or famine: evidence for mixed capitalincome breeding strategies in Weddell seals. Oecologia 155: 11-20.