Factors determining compliance with command hallucinations with violent content: The role of social rank, perceived power of the voice and voice malevolence

Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 511-531

  Fox, John R E ^a   Gray, Nicola S ^b,c   Lewis, Heledd ^d  

^a WHITCHURCH HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c Glanrhyd Hospital   (United Kingdom)

^d Rhondda Cynon Taff CF45 4BZ   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Benevolence; Command hallucinations; Compliance; Malevolence; Risk of future dangerousness; Social rank

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; AUDITORY HALLUCINATION; AUTOMUTILATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE; PERCEPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RATING SCALE; RELIABILITY; SAMPLE SIZE; SOCIAL STATUS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; VIOLENCE; VOICE;

EID: 5144225437     PISSN: 14789949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/1478994042000226741     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th Edition).Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.
2. Beck, A. T., Brown, G. and Steer, R. A. (1989) 'Prediction of Eventual Suicide in Psychiatric Inpatients by Clinical Ratings of Hopelessness'. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 57: 309-10.
3. Beck-Sander, A., Birchwood, M. and Chadwick, P. (1997) 'Acting on Command Hallucinations: A Cognitive Approach'. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 36: 139-48.
4. Birchwood, M., Meaden, A., Trower, P., Gilbert, P. and Plaistow, J. (2000) 'The Power and Omnipotence of Voices: Subordination and Entrapment by Voices and Significant Others'. Psychological Medicine 30: 337-44.
5. Birchwood, M., Meaden, A., Trower, P. and Gilbert, P. (2002) Shame, humiliation and entrapment in psychosis: A social rank theory approach to cognitive intervention with voices and delusions. In Morrison, A.P. (ed.) A Casebook of Cognitive Therapy for Psychosis. Hove: Brunner-Routledge.
6. Bushman, B. J. and Baumeister, R. F. (1998) 'Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression: Does self-love or self-hate lead to violence?' Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75: 219-29.
7. Chadwick, P. and Birchwood, M. (1995) 'The Omnipotence of Voices II. The Beliefs about Voices Questionnaire (BAVQ)'. British Journal of Psychiatry 166: 773-6.
8. Chadwick, P. and Trower, P. (1993) Evaluative Beliefs Questionnaire. In Chadwick, P., Birchwood, M. and Trower, P. (eds) Cognitive Therapy for Delusions, Voices and Paranoia. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
9. Chadwick, P., Birchwood, M. and Trower, P. (1996) Cognitive Therapy for Delusions, Voices and Paranoia. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
10. Gilbert, P. (1992) Depression: The Evolution of Powerlessness. Hove, UK: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd.
11. Gilbert, P. and Allan, S. (1998) 'The Role of Defeat and Entrapment (arrested flight) in depression: An Exploration of a View'. Psychological Medicine 28: 585-98.
12. Goodwin, D. W., Alderson, P. and Rosenthal, R. (1971) 'Clinical Significance of Hallucinations in Psychiatric Disorders'. Archives of General Psychiatry 24: 76-80.
13. Hellerstein, D., Frosch, W. and Koenigsberg, H. W. (1987) 'The Clinical Significance of Command Hallucinations;. American Journal of Psychiatry 144: 219-21.
14. Hersh, K. and Borum, R. (1998) 'Command Hallucinations, Compliance, and Risk Assessment;. Journal of American Academic Psychiatry and Law 26(3): 353-9.
15. Iqbal, Z., Birchwood, M., Chadwick, P. and Trower, P. (2000) 'A Cognitive Approach to Depression and Suicidal Thinking in Psychosis II: Testing the Validity of a Social Ranking Model'. British Journal of Psychiatry 177: 522-8.
16. Junginger, J. (1990) 'Predicting Compliance with Command Hallucinations'. American Journal of Psychiatry 147: 245-7.
17. Junginger, J. (1995) 'Command Hallucinations and the Prediction of Dangerousness'. Psychiatric Services 46: 911-4.
18. Kasper, M. E., Rogers, R. and Adams, P. A. (1996) 'Dangerousness and Command Hallucinations: An Investigation of Psychotic Patients'. Bulletin of American Academic Psychiatry and Law 24: 219-24.
19. McNeil, D. E., Eisner, J. P. and Binder, R. L. (2000) 'The Relationship Between Command Hallucinations and Violence'. Psychiatric Services 51: 1288-92.
20. Milgram, S. (1974) Obedience to Authority. New York: Harper and Row.
21. Morrison, P. and Gilbert, P. (2001) 'Social Rank, Shame and Anger in Primary and Secondary Psychopaths'. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry 12(2): 330-56.
22. Rogers, P., Watt, A., Gray, N. S., MacCulloch, M and Gournay, K. (2002) 'Content of Command Hallucinations Predicts Self-harm but not Violence in a Medium Secure Unit'. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry 13(2): 245-56.
23. Rudnick, A. (1999) 'Relation between Command Hallucinations and Dangerous Behavior'. Journal of American Academic Psychiatry and Law 27(2): 253-7.