Factor structure for Young's Internet Addiction Test: A confirmatory study

Computers in Human Behavior

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 2597-2619

  Chang, Man Kit ^a   Man Law, Sally Pui ^a  

^a HONG KONG BAPTIST UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Confirmatory factor analysis; Internet addiction; Young's Internet Addiction Test

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER NETWORKS;

CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS; INTERNET ADDICTION; YOUNG'S INTERNET ADDICTION TEST;

INTERNET;

EID: 51349123457     PISSN: 07475632     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2008.03.001     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV). (4th ed.) Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
2. Amichai-Hamburger Y., and Ben-Artzi E. Loneliness and Internet use. Computers in Human Behavior 19 1 (2003) 71-80
3. Anderson J.C., and Gerbing D.W. Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin 103 3 (1988) 411-423
4. Bollen K.A. Structural equations with latent variables (1989), Wiley, New York
5. Brenner V. Psychology of computer use 47: Parameters of Internet use, abuse and addiction: The first 90 days of the Internet usage survey. Psychological Reports 80 3 (1997) 879-882
6. Byrne B.M. Multigroup comparisons and the assumption of equivalent construct validity across group: Methodological and substantive issues. Multivariate Behavioral Research 24 (1989) 503-523
7. Caplan S.E. Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being: Development of a theory-based cognitive-behavioral measurement instrument. Computers in Human Behavior 18 5 (2002) 553-575
8. Ceyhan E., Ceyhan A.A., and Gûrcan A. The validity and reliability of the Problematic Internet Usage Scale. Educational Science: Theory and Practice 7 1 (2007) 411-416
9. Chang C.J., Torkzadeh G., and Dhillon G. Re-examining the measurement models of success for Internet commerce. Information and Management 41 5 (2004) 577-584
10. Chen K., Tarn M., and Han B.T. Internet dependency: Its impact on online behavioral patterns in e-commerce. Human Systems Management 23 (2004) 49-58
11. Cheng S.H., Weng L.J., Su Y.J., Wu H.M., and Yang P.F. Development of a Chinese Internet addiction scale and it's psychometric study. Chinese Journal of Psychology 45 3 (2003) 279-294
12. Chou C. Internet heavy use and addiction among Taiwanese college students: An online interview study. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 4 5 (2001) 573-585
13. Chou C., and Hsiao M.C. Internet addiction, usage, gratification, and pleasure experience: The Taiwan college students' case. Computers and Education 35 1 (2000) 65-80
14. Chou C., Condron L., and Belland J.C. A review of the research on Internet addiction. Educational Psychology Review 17 4 (2005) 363-388
15. Davis R.A. A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use. Computers in Human Behavior 17 2 (2001) 187-195
16. Davis R.A., Flett G.L., and Besser A. Validation of a new scale for measuring problematic Internet use: Implications for pre-employment screening. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 5 4 (2002) 331-345
17. Ferraro G., Caci B., D'Amico A., and Di Blasi M. Internet addiction disorder: An Italian study. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 10 2 (2007) 170-175
18. Floyd F.J., and Widaman K.F. Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment 7 3 (1995) 286-299
19. Fulkerson J.A., Harrison P.A., and Beebe T.J. DSM-IV substance abuse and dependence: Are there really two dimensions of substance use disorders in adolescents?. Addiction 94 4 (1999) 495-506
20. Goldberg, I. (1995). Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) - Diagnostic criteria. Retrieved March 30, 2007 from .
21. Griffiths M. Internet addiction: Does it really exist?. In: Gackenbach J. (Ed). Psychology and the Internet: Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal implications (1998), Academic Press, San Diego, CA 61-75
22. Griffiths M. Does Internet and computer "Addiction" exist? Some case study evidence. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 3 2 (2000) 211-218
23. Ha J.H., Yoo H.J., Cho I.H., Chin B., Shin D., and Kim J.H. Psychiatric comorbidity assessed in Korean children and adolescents who screen positive for Internet addiction. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67 5 (2006) 821-826
24. Hair J.R.J., Anderson R., Tatham R., Black W., and Babin B. Multivariate data analysis. 6th ed. (2006), Prentice Hall, New Jersey
25. Hansen S. Excessive Internet usage or "Internet addiction? The implications of diagnostic categories for student users. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 18 (2002) 235-236
26. Harrison P.A., Fulkerson J.A., and Beebe T.J. DSM-IV substance use disorder criteria for adolescents: A critical examination based on a statewide school survey. American Journal of Psychiatry 155 4 (1998) 486-492
27. Hur M.H. Demographic, habitual, and socioeconomic determinants of Internet addiction disorder: An empirical study of Korean teenagers. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 9 5 (2006) 514-525
28. Kandell J.J. Internet addiction on campus: The vulnerability of college students. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 1 1 (1998) 11-17
29. Kraut R., Patterson M., Lundmark V., Kiesler S., Mukopadhyay T., and Scherlis W. Internet paradox - A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being?. American Psychologist 53 9 (1998) 1017-1031
30. LaRose R., Lin C.A., and Eastin M.S. Unregulated Internet usage: Addiction, habit, or deficient self-regulation?. Media Psychology 5 3 (2003) 225-253
31. Lesieur J.D., and Blume S.B. The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): A new instrument for the identification of pathological gamblers. American Journal of Psychiatry 144 1184 (1987) 1188
32. Leung L. Net-generation attributes and seductive properties of the Internet as predictors of online activities and Internet addiction. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 7 3 (2004) 333-348
33. Lewinsohn P.M., Rohde P., and Seeley J.R. Alcohol consumption in high school adolescents: Frequency of use and dimensional structure of associated problems. Addiction 91 3 (1996) 375-390
34. Li S.M., and Chung T.M. Internet function and Internet addictive behavior. Computers in Human Behavior 22 6 (2006) 1067-1071
35. Liang, G. (2003). Surveying Internet usage and impact in twelve Chinese cities research center for social development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
36. Lin S.S.J., and Tsai C.C. Sensation seeking and internet dependence of Taiwanese high school adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior 18 4 (2002) 411-426
37. Morahan-Martin J., and Schumacher P. Incidence and correlates of pathological Internet use among college students. Computers in Human Behavior 16 1 (2000) 13-29
38. Nalwa K., and Anand A.P. Internet addiction in students: A cause of concern. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 6 6 (2003) 653-656
39. Pallanti S., Bernardi S., and Quercioli L. The shorter PROMIS questionnaire and the Internet addiction scale in the assessment of multiple addictions in a high-school population: Prevalence and related disability. Cns Spectrums 11 12 (2006) 966-974
40. Scherer K. College life on-line: Healthy and unhealthy Internet use. Journal of College Student Development 38 6 (1997) 655-665
41. Segars A.H., and Grover V. Strategic information systems planning success: An Investigation of the construct and its measurement. MIS Quarterly 22 2 (1998) 139-163
42. Shaffer H. Understanding the means of objects of addiction: Technology, the Internet, and Gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies 12 4 (1996) 461-469
43. Shapira N.A., Goldsmith T.D., Keck P.E., Khosla U.M., and McElroy S.L. Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use. Journal of Affective Disorders 57 1-3 (2000) 267-272
44. Smith G.T., and McCarthy D.M. Methodological considerations in the refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment 7 3 (1995) 300-308
45. Stanton J.M. Web addict or happy employee? Computer profile of the frequent internet user. Communications of the ACM 45 1 (2002) 55-59
46. Suhail K., and Bargees Z. Effects of excessive Internet use on undergraduate students in Pakistan. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 9 3 (2006) 297-307
47. Thatcher A., and Goolam S. Defining the south African Internet 'addict': Prevalence and biographical profiling of problematic Internet users in south Africa. South African Journal of Psychology 35 4 (2005) 766-792
48. Thatcher A., and Goolam S. Development and psychometric properties of the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire. South African Journal of Psychology 35 4 (2005) 793-809
49. Tsai C.C., and Lin S.S. Internet addiction of adolescents in Taiwan: An interview study. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 6 6 (2003) 649-652
50. Wang W. Internet dependency and psychosocial maturity among college students. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 55 6 (2001) 919-938
51. Widyanto L., and McMurran M. The psychometric properties of the Internet Addiction Test. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 7 4 (2004) 443-450
52. Yang C.K. Sociopsychiatric characteristics of adolescents who use computers to excess. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 104 3 (2001) 217-222
53. Yang C.K., Choe B.M., Baity M., Lee J.H., and Cho J.S. SCL-90-R and 16PF profiles of senior high school students with excessive Internet use. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 50 7 (2005) 407-414
54. Yellowlees P.M., and Marks S. Problematic Internet use or Internet addiction?. Computers in Human Behavior 23 3 (2007) 1447-1453
55. Yoo H.J., Cho S.C., Ha J.Y., Yune S.K., Kim S.J., Hwang J., et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and Internet addiction. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 58 5 (2004) 487-494
56. Young K.S. Psychology of computer use: XL. Addictive use of the Internet: A case that breaks the stereotype. Psychological Reports 79 3 (1996) 899-902
57. Young K.S. Caught in the Net: How to recognize the signs of Internet addiction and a winning strategy for recovery (1998), John Wiley, New York
58. Young K.S. Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 1 3 (1998) 237-244
59. Young K.S. Caught in the net. Chinese (2000), Shanghai Translation Publishing House, Shanghai
60. Young K.S. Internet addiction - A new clinical phenomenon and its consequences. American Behavioral Scientist 48 4 (2004) 402-415