메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 627-644

Hemorrhoids and Fissure in Ano

Author keywords

Anorectal pain; Constipation; Fissure in ano; Hemorrhoids; Rectal bleeding

Indexed keywords

ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ARGININE; BOTULINUM TOXIN A; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; DILTIAZEM; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; FLAVONOID; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; NIFEDIPINE; NITRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; PLACEBO;

EID: 51349118156     PISSN: 08898553     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2008.07.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (39)

References (131)
  • 1
    • 0014892467 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of haemorrhoids. A preliminary survey
    • Gazet J.C., Redding W., and Rickett J.W. The prevalence of haemorrhoids. A preliminary survey. Proc R Soc Med 63 Suppl (1970) 78-80
    • (1970) Proc R Soc Med , vol.63 , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 78-80
    • Gazet, J.C.1    Redding, W.2    Rickett, J.W.3
  • 2
    • 0025012530 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of hemorrhoids and chronic constipation. An epidemiologic study
    • Johanson J.F., and Sonnenberg A. The prevalence of hemorrhoids and chronic constipation. An epidemiologic study. Gastroenterology 98 (1990) 380-386
    • (1990) Gastroenterology , vol.98 , pp. 380-386
    • Johanson, J.F.1    Sonnenberg, A.2
  • 3
    • 39749127040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of haemorrhoids
    • Acheson A.G., and Scholefield J.H. Management of haemorrhoids. BMJ 336 7640 (2008) 380-383
    • (2008) BMJ , vol.336 , Issue.7640 , pp. 380-383
    • Acheson, A.G.1    Scholefield, J.H.2
  • 4
    • 0023617063 scopus 로고
    • Anal pressure measurements in the study of hemorrhoid etiology and their relation to treatment
    • Deutsch A.A., Moshkovitz M., Nudelman I., et al. Anal pressure measurements in the study of hemorrhoid etiology and their relation to treatment. Dis Colon Rectum 30 (1987) 855-857
    • (1987) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.30 , pp. 855-857
    • Deutsch, A.A.1    Moshkovitz, M.2    Nudelman, I.3
  • 5
    • 27744522628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhoids and rectal internal mucosal prolapse: one or two conditions? A national survey
    • Gaj F., and Trecca A. Hemorrhoids and rectal internal mucosal prolapse: one or two conditions? A national survey. Tech Coloproctol 9 (2005) 163-165
    • (2005) Tech Coloproctol , vol.9 , pp. 163-165
    • Gaj, F.1    Trecca, A.2
  • 7
    • 0028309511 scopus 로고
    • Haemorrhoids: pathology, pathophysiology and aetiology
    • Loder P.B., Kamm M.A., Nicholls R.J., et al. Haemorrhoids: pathology, pathophysiology and aetiology. Br J Surg 81 (1994) 946-954
    • (1994) Br J Surg , vol.81 , pp. 946-954
    • Loder, P.B.1    Kamm, M.A.2    Nicholls, R.J.3
  • 8
    • 13944277731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bowel habits in hemorrhoid patients and normal subjects
    • Johannsson H.O., Graf W., and Pahlman L. Bowel habits in hemorrhoid patients and normal subjects. Am J Gastroenterol 100 (2005) 401-406
    • (2005) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.100 , pp. 401-406
    • Johannsson, H.O.1    Graf, W.2    Pahlman, L.3
  • 9
    • 33644670363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minimally invasive procedures: what family physicians need to know
    • Brill A.I., Fleshman J.W., Ramshaw B.J., et al. Minimally invasive procedures: what family physicians need to know. J Fam Pract 54 Suppl 1 (2005) S1-S24
    • (2005) J Fam Pract , vol.54 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Brill, A.I.1    Fleshman, J.W.2    Ramshaw, B.J.3
  • 10
    • 0019974997 scopus 로고
    • High-fiber diet reduces bleeding and pain in patients with hemorrhoids: a double-blind trial of Vi-Siblin
    • Moesgaard F., Nielsen M.L., Hansen J.B., et al. High-fiber diet reduces bleeding and pain in patients with hemorrhoids: a double-blind trial of Vi-Siblin. Dis Colon Rectum 25 (1982) 454-456
    • (1982) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.25 , pp. 454-456
    • Moesgaard, F.1    Nielsen, M.L.2    Hansen, J.B.3
  • 11
    • 33747053103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of flavonoids for the treatment of haemorrhoids
    • Alonso-Coello P., Zhou Q., Martinez-Zapata M.J., et al. Meta-analysis of flavonoids for the treatment of haemorrhoids. Br J Surg 93 (2006) 909-920
    • (2006) Br J Surg , vol.93 , pp. 909-920
    • Alonso-Coello, P.1    Zhou, Q.2    Martinez-Zapata, M.J.3
  • 12
    • 2142660164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical Practice Committee and American Gastroenterological Association, American Gastroenterological Association technical review on the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhoids
    • Madoff R.D., and Fleshman J.W. Clinical Practice Committee and American Gastroenterological Association, American Gastroenterological Association technical review on the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhoids. Gastroenterology 126 (2004) 1463-1473
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.126 , pp. 1463-1473
    • Madoff, R.D.1    Fleshman, J.W.2
  • 13
    • 0023850975 scopus 로고
    • The immediate response to injection therapy for first-degree haemorrhoids
    • Mann C.V., Motson R., and Clifton M. The immediate response to injection therapy for first-degree haemorrhoids. J R Soc Med 81 (1988) 146-148
    • (1988) J R Soc Med , vol.81 , pp. 146-148
    • Mann, C.V.1    Motson, R.2    Clifton, M.3
  • 14
    • 0033813802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical basis for impotence following haemorrhoid sclerotherapy
    • Pilkington S.A., Bateman A.C., Wombwell S., et al. Anatomical basis for impotence following haemorrhoid sclerotherapy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 82 (2000) 303-306
    • (2000) Ann R Coll Surg Engl , vol.82 , pp. 303-306
    • Pilkington, S.A.1    Bateman, A.C.2    Wombwell, S.3
  • 15
    • 13844306518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jaundice as a presentation of phenol induced hepatotoxocity following injection sclerotherapy for haemorrhoids
    • Suppiah A., and Perry E.P. Jaundice as a presentation of phenol induced hepatotoxocity following injection sclerotherapy for haemorrhoids. Surgeon 3 (2005) 43-44
    • (2005) Surgeon , vol.3 , pp. 43-44
    • Suppiah, A.1    Perry, E.P.2
  • 16
    • 0019492118 scopus 로고
    • Bacteremia after proctoscopy and hemorrhoidal injection sclerotherapy
    • Adami B., Eckardt V.F., Suermann R.B., et al. Bacteremia after proctoscopy and hemorrhoidal injection sclerotherapy. Dis Colon Rectum 24 (1981) 373-374
    • (1981) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.24 , pp. 373-374
    • Adami, B.1    Eckardt, V.F.2    Suermann, R.B.3
  • 17
    • 0028805863 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of hemorrhoidal treatment modalities. A meta-analysis
    • MacRae H.M., and McLeod R.S. Comparison of hemorrhoidal treatment modalities. A meta-analysis. Dis Colon Rectum 38 (1995) 687-694
    • (1995) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.38 , pp. 687-694
    • MacRae, H.M.1    McLeod, R.S.2
  • 18
    • 0026440846 scopus 로고
    • Optimal nonsurgical treatment of hemorrhoids: a comparative analysis of infrared coagulation, rubber band ligation, and injection sclerotherapy
    • Johanson J.F., and Rimm A. Optimal nonsurgical treatment of hemorrhoids: a comparative analysis of infrared coagulation, rubber band ligation, and injection sclerotherapy. Am J Gastroenterol 87 (1992) 1600-1606
    • (1992) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.87 , pp. 1600-1606
    • Johanson, J.F.1    Rimm, A.2
  • 19
    • 0023758677 scopus 로고
    • A randomised trial to compare the results of injection sclerotherapy with a bulk laxative alone in the treatment of bleeding haemorrhoids
    • Senapati A., and Nicholls R.J. A randomised trial to compare the results of injection sclerotherapy with a bulk laxative alone in the treatment of bleeding haemorrhoids. Int J Colorectal Dis 3 (1988) 124-126
    • (1988) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.3 , pp. 124-126
    • Senapati, A.1    Nicholls, R.J.2
  • 20
    • 0033004017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triple rubber band ligation for hemorrhoids: prospective, randomized trial of use of local anesthetic injection
    • Law W.L., and Chu K.W. Triple rubber band ligation for hemorrhoids: prospective, randomized trial of use of local anesthetic injection. Dis Colon Rectum 42 (1999) 363-366
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , pp. 363-366
    • Law, W.L.1    Chu, K.W.2
  • 21
    • 0031055548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of hemorrhoidal treatments: a meta-analysis
    • MacRae H.M., and McLeod R.S. Comparison of hemorrhoidal treatments: a meta-analysis. Can J Surg 40 (1997) 14-17
    • (1997) Can J Surg , vol.40 , pp. 14-17
    • MacRae, H.M.1    McLeod, R.S.2
  • 22
    • 0023874431 scopus 로고
    • Pelvic cellulitis: a life-threatening complication of hemorrhoidal banding
    • Scarpa F.J., Hillis W., and Sabetta R.J. Pelvic cellulitis: a life-threatening complication of hemorrhoidal banding. Surgery 103 (1988) 383-385
    • (1988) Surgery , vol.103 , pp. 383-385
    • Scarpa, F.J.1    Hillis, W.2    Sabetta, R.J.3
  • 23
    • 0022446117 scopus 로고
    • Early recognition and successful management of pelvic cellulitis following hemorrhoidal banding
    • Clay III L.D., White Jr. J.J., Davidson J.T., et al. Early recognition and successful management of pelvic cellulitis following hemorrhoidal banding. Dis Colon Rectum 29 (1986) 579-581
    • (1986) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.29 , pp. 579-581
    • Clay III, L.D.1    White Jr., J.J.2    Davidson, J.T.3
  • 24
    • 0030015882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids. Convenient and economic treatment
    • Bayer I., Myslovaty B., and Picovsky B.M. Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids. Convenient and economic treatment. J Clin Gastroenterol 23 (1996) 50-52
    • (1996) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.23 , pp. 50-52
    • Bayer, I.1    Myslovaty, B.2    Picovsky, B.M.3
  • 25
    • 0023680352 scopus 로고
    • Maintenance bran therapy for prevention of symptoms after rubber band ligation of third-degree haemorrhoids
    • Jensen S.L., Harling H., Tange G., et al. Maintenance bran therapy for prevention of symptoms after rubber band ligation of third-degree haemorrhoids. Acta Chir Scand 154 (1988) 395-398
    • (1988) Acta Chir Scand , vol.154 , pp. 395-398
    • Jensen, S.L.1    Harling, H.2    Tange, G.3
  • 26
    • 0020186622 scopus 로고
    • An improved technique of rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids
    • Nivatvongs S., and Goldberg S. An improved technique of rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids. Am J Surg 144 3 (1982) 379-380
    • (1982) Am J Surg , vol.144 , Issue.3 , pp. 379-380
    • Nivatvongs, S.1    Goldberg, S.2
  • 27
    • 0346874497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoscopic hemorrhoidal ligation of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids
    • Su C., Chiu C., Wu Y., et al. Endoscopic hemorrhoidal ligation of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids. Gastrointest Endosc 58 6 (2001) 871-874
    • (2001) Gastrointest Endosc , vol.58 , Issue.6 , pp. 871-874
    • Su, C.1    Chiu, C.2    Wu, Y.3
  • 28
    • 3242746627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhoidal elastic band ligation with flexible videoendoscopes: a prospective, randomized comparison with the conventional technique that uses rigid proctoscopes
    • Wehrmann T., Riphaus A., Feinstein J., et al. Hemorrhoidal elastic band ligation with flexible videoendoscopes: a prospective, randomized comparison with the conventional technique that uses rigid proctoscopes. Gastrointest Endosc 60 2 (2004) 191-195
    • (2004) Gastrointest Endosc , vol.60 , Issue.2 , pp. 191-195
    • Wehrmann, T.1    Riphaus, A.2    Feinstein, J.3
  • 29
    • 0029001085 scopus 로고
    • A novel therapy for internal hemorrhoids: ligation of the hemorrhoidal artery with a newly devised instrument (Moricorn) in conjunction with a Doppler flowmeter
    • Morinaga K., Hasuda K., and Ikeda T. A novel therapy for internal hemorrhoids: ligation of the hemorrhoidal artery with a newly devised instrument (Moricorn) in conjunction with a Doppler flowmeter. Am J Gastroenterol 90 (1995) 610-613
    • (1995) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.90 , pp. 610-613
    • Morinaga, K.1    Hasuda, K.2    Ikeda, T.3
  • 30
    • 0035688108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization is an alternative to operative hemorrhoidectomy
    • Sohn N., Aronoff J.S., Cohen F.S., et al. Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization is an alternative to operative hemorrhoidectomy. Am J Surg 182 (2001) 515-519
    • (2001) Am J Surg , vol.182 , pp. 515-519
    • Sohn, N.1    Aronoff, J.S.2    Cohen, F.S.3
  • 31
    • 17144374018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation in the management of symptomatic hemorrhoids
    • Ramirez J.M., Aguilella V., Elia M., et al. Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation in the management of symptomatic hemorrhoids. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 97 (2005) 97-103
    • (2005) Rev Esp Enferm Dig , vol.97 , pp. 97-103
    • Ramirez, J.M.1    Aguilella, V.2    Elia, M.3
  • 32
    • 29844433157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation: an alternative to hemorrhoidectomy
    • Felice G., Privitera A., Ellul E., et al. Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation: an alternative to hemorrhoidectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 48 (2005) 2090-2093
    • (2005) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.48 , pp. 2090-2093
    • Felice, G.1    Privitera, A.2    Ellul, E.3
  • 33
    • 33645363281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First 100 cases with Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation
    • Greenberg R., Karin E., Avital S., et al. First 100 cases with Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation. Dis Colon Rectum 49 (2006) 485-489
    • (2006) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.49 , pp. 485-489
    • Greenberg, R.1    Karin, E.2    Avital, S.3
  • 34
    • 1242330383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of early and 1 year follow-up results of conventional hemorrhoidectomy and hemorrhoid artery ligation: a randomized study
    • Bursics A., Morvay K., Kupcsulik P., et al. Comparison of early and 1 year follow-up results of conventional hemorrhoidectomy and hemorrhoid artery ligation: a randomized study. Int J Colorectal Dis 19 (2004) 176-180
    • (2004) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.19 , pp. 176-180
    • Bursics, A.1    Morvay, K.2    Kupcsulik, P.3
  • 35
    • 0025068823 scopus 로고
    • A randomized comparison of infrared photocoagulation with bipolar diathermy for the outpatient treatment of hemorrhoids
    • Dennison A., Whiston R.J., Rooney S., et al. A randomized comparison of infrared photocoagulation with bipolar diathermy for the outpatient treatment of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum 33 (1990) 32-34
    • (1990) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.33 , pp. 32-34
    • Dennison, A.1    Whiston, R.J.2    Rooney, S.3
  • 36
    • 0018352026 scopus 로고
    • Operative hemorrhoidectomy versus cryodestruction
    • Smith L.E., Goodreau J.J., and Fouty W.J. Operative hemorrhoidectomy versus cryodestruction. Dis Colon Rectum 22 (1979) 10-16
    • (1979) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.22 , pp. 10-16
    • Smith, L.E.1    Goodreau, J.J.2    Fouty, W.J.3
  • 38
    • 0030708715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of open and closed haemorrhoidectomy
    • Ho Y.H., Seow-Choen F., Tan M., et al. Randomized controlled trial of open and closed haemorrhoidectomy. Br J Surg 84 (1997) 1729-1730
    • (1997) Br J Surg , vol.84 , pp. 1729-1730
    • Ho, Y.H.1    Seow-Choen, F.2    Tan, M.3
  • 39
    • 0033058313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of open versus closed day-case haemorrhoidectomy
    • Carapeti E.A., Kamm M.A., McDonald P.J., et al. Randomized trial of open versus closed day-case haemorrhoidectomy. Br J Surg 86 (1999) 612-613
    • (1999) Br J Surg , vol.86 , pp. 612-613
    • Carapeti, E.A.1    Kamm, M.A.2    McDonald, P.J.3
  • 40
    • 0033980021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Closed vs. open hemorroidectomy-Is there any difference?
    • Arbman G., Krook H., and Haapaniemi S. Closed vs. open hemorroidectomy-Is there any difference?. Dis Colon Rectum 43 (2000) 31-34
    • (2000) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.43 , pp. 31-34
    • Arbman, G.1    Krook, H.2    Haapaniemi, S.3
  • 41
    • 0036141966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhoidectomy: open or closed technique? A prospective, randomized clinical trial
    • Gecosmanoglu R., Sad O., Koc D., et al. Hemorrhoidectomy: open or closed technique? A prospective, randomized clinical trial. Dis Colon Rectum 45 (2002) 70-75
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , pp. 70-75
    • Gecosmanoglu, R.1    Sad, O.2    Koc, D.3
  • 42
    • 0034982477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids: prospective, randomized trial comparing closed excisional hemorrhoidectomy and the Harmonic Scalpel technique of excisional hemorrhoidectomy
    • Khan S., Pawlak S.E., Eggenberger J.C., et al. Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids: prospective, randomized trial comparing closed excisional hemorrhoidectomy and the Harmonic Scalpel technique of excisional hemorrhoidectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 44 (2001) 845-849
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , pp. 845-849
    • Khan, S.1    Pawlak, S.E.2    Eggenberger, J.C.3
  • 43
    • 0035024086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective, randomized trial comparing diathermy and Harmonic Scalpel hemorrhoidectomy: a prospective evaluation
    • Tan J.J., and Seow-Choen F. Prospective, randomized trial comparing diathermy and Harmonic Scalpel hemorrhoidectomy: a prospective evaluation. Dis Colon Rectum 44 (2001) 677-679
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , pp. 677-679
    • Tan, J.J.1    Seow-Choen, F.2
  • 44
    • 0034744699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harmonic Scalpel vs. electrocautery hemorrhoidectomy: a prospective evaluation
    • Armstrong D.N., Ambroze W.L., Schertzer M.E., et al. Harmonic Scalpel vs. electrocautery hemorrhoidectomy: a prospective evaluation. Dis Colon Rectum 44 (2001) 558-564
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , pp. 558-564
    • Armstrong, D.N.1    Ambroze, W.L.2    Schertzer, M.E.3
  • 45
    • 0036274816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, randomized trial comparing Harmonic Scalpel hemorrhoidectomy, bipolar scissors hemorrhoidectomy, and scissors excision: ligation technique
    • Chung C.C., Ha J.P., Tai Y.P., et al. Double-blind, randomized trial comparing Harmonic Scalpel hemorrhoidectomy, bipolar scissors hemorrhoidectomy, and scissors excision: ligation technique. Dis Colon Rectum 45 (2002) 789-794
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , pp. 789-794
    • Chung, C.C.1    Ha, J.P.2    Tai, Y.P.3
  • 46
    • 0030664223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ambulatory anorectal manometric findings in patients before and after haemorrhoidectomy
    • Ho Y.H., and Tan M. Ambulatory anorectal manometric findings in patients before and after haemorrhoidectomy. Int J Colorectal Dis 12 (1997) 296-297
    • (1997) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.12 , pp. 296-297
    • Ho, Y.H.1    Tan, M.2
  • 47
    • 0029015323 scopus 로고
    • Haemorrhoidectomy and disordered rectal and anal physiology in patients with prolapsed hemorrhoids
    • Ho Y.H., Seow-Choen F., and Goh H.S. Haemorrhoidectomy and disordered rectal and anal physiology in patients with prolapsed hemorrhoids. Br J Surg 82 (1995) 596-598
    • (1995) Br J Surg , vol.82 , pp. 596-598
    • Ho, Y.H.1    Seow-Choen, F.2    Goh, H.S.3
  • 48
    • 0028928530 scopus 로고
    • Unsuspected sphincter defects shown by anal endosonography after anorectal surery. A prospective study
    • Felt-Bersma R.J., van Baren R., Koorevaar M., et al. Unsuspected sphincter defects shown by anal endosonography after anorectal surery. A prospective study. Dis Colon Rectum 38 (1995) 249-251
    • (1995) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.38 , pp. 249-251
    • Felt-Bersma, R.J.1    van Baren, R.2    Koorevaar, M.3
  • 49
    • 0031757904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anal endosonography in patients with anorectal symptoms after haemorrhoidectomy
    • Abbasakoor F., Nelson M., Beynon J., et al. Anal endosonography in patients with anorectal symptoms after haemorrhoidectomy. Br J Surg 85 (1998) 1522-1524
    • (1998) Br J Surg , vol.85 , pp. 1522-1524
    • Abbasakoor, F.1    Nelson, M.2    Beynon, J.3
  • 50
    • 0029943844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of lateral internal sphincterotomy with haemorrhoidectomy
    • Mathai V., Ong B.C., and Ho Y.H. Randomized controlled trial of lateral internal sphincterotomy with haemorrhoidectomy. Br J Surg 83 3 (1996) 380-382
    • (1996) Br J Surg , vol.83 , Issue.3 , pp. 380-382
    • Mathai, V.1    Ong, B.C.2    Ho, Y.H.3
  • 51
    • 0031605168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bupivacaine local injection in anorectal surgery
    • Hussein M.K., Taha A.M., Haddad F.F., et al. Bupivacaine local injection in anorectal surgery. Int Surg 83 1 (1998) 56-57
    • (1998) Int Surg , vol.83 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-57
    • Hussein, M.K.1    Taha, A.M.2    Haddad, F.F.3
  • 52
    • 0024840974 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative analgesia for haemorrhoidectomy. A comparison between caudal and local infiltration
    • Pryn S.J., Crosse M.M., Murison M.S., et al. Postoperative analgesia for haemorrhoidectomy. A comparison between caudal and local infiltration. Anaesthesia 44 12 (1989) 964-966
    • (1989) Anaesthesia , vol.44 , Issue.12 , pp. 964-966
    • Pryn, S.J.1    Crosse, M.M.2    Murison, M.S.3
  • 53
    • 0025313171 scopus 로고
    • Analgesic benefit of locally injected bupivacaine after hemorrhoidectomy
    • Chester J.F., Stanford B.J., and Gazet J.C. Analgesic benefit of locally injected bupivacaine after hemorrhoidectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 33 6 (1990) 487-489
    • (1990) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.33 , Issue.6 , pp. 487-489
    • Chester, J.F.1    Stanford, B.J.2    Gazet, J.C.3
  • 54
    • 0034881715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, prospective, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial of effect of nitroglycerin ointment on pain after hemorrhoidectomy
    • Wasvary H.J., Hain J., Mosed-Vogel M., et al. Randomized, prospective, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial of effect of nitroglycerin ointment on pain after hemorrhoidectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 44 8 (2001) 1069-1073
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , Issue.8 , pp. 1069-1073
    • Wasvary, H.J.1    Hain, J.2    Mosed-Vogel, M.3
  • 55
    • 0036849995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal sphincterotomy with hemorrhoidectomy does not relieve pain: a prospective, randomized study
    • Khubchandani I.T. Internal sphincterotomy with hemorrhoidectomy does not relieve pain: a prospective, randomized study. Dis Colon Rectum 45 (2002) 1452-1457
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , pp. 1452-1457
    • Khubchandani, I.T.1
  • 56
    • 0032539443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doubleblind randomised controlled trial of effect of metronidazole on pain after day-case haemorrhoidectomy
    • Carapeti E.A., Kamm M.A., McDonald P.J., et al. Doubleblind randomised controlled trial of effect of metronidazole on pain after day-case haemorrhoidectomy. Lancet 351 9097 (1998) 169-172
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , Issue.9097 , pp. 169-172
    • Carapeti, E.A.1    Kamm, M.A.2    McDonald, P.J.3
  • 57
    • 0034603453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stapling procedure for haemorrhoids versus Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy: randomized controlled trial
    • Mehigan B.J., Monson J.R., and Hartley J.E. Stapling procedure for haemorrhoids versus Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy: randomized controlled trial. Lancet 355 (2000) 782-785
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 782-785
    • Mehigan, B.J.1    Monson, J.R.2    Hartley, J.E.3
  • 58
    • 11244321758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stapled hemorrhoidopexy compared with conventional hemorrhoidectomy, a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
    • Nisar P.J., Acheson A.G., Neal K.R., et al. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy compared with conventional hemorrhoidectomy, a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Dis Colon Rectum 47 (2004) 1837-1845
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , pp. 1837-1845
    • Nisar, P.J.1    Acheson, A.G.2    Neal, K.R.3
  • 59
    • 0037329661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Septic complications after treatment of haemorrhoids
    • Guy R.J., and Seow-Choen F. Septic complications after treatment of haemorrhoids. Br J Surg 90 (2003) 147-156
    • (2003) Br J Surg , vol.90 , pp. 147-156
    • Guy, R.J.1    Seow-Choen, F.2
  • 61
    • 0035106075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservative treatment of acute thrombosed external hemorrhoids with topical nifedipine
    • Perrotti P., Antropoli C., Molino D., et al. Conservative treatment of acute thrombosed external hemorrhoids with topical nifedipine. Dis Colon Rectum 44 (2001) 405-409
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , pp. 405-409
    • Perrotti, P.1    Antropoli, C.2    Molino, D.3
  • 62
    • 4644295500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombosed external hemorrhoids: outcome after conservative or surgical management
    • Greenspon J., Williams S.B., Young H.A., et al. Thrombosed external hemorrhoids: outcome after conservative or surgical management. Dis Colon Rectum 47 (2004) 1493-1498
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , pp. 1493-1498
    • Greenspon, J.1    Williams, S.B.2    Young, H.A.3
  • 64
    • 0024206088 scopus 로고
    • Anal fissure and stenosis
    • Notaras M.J. Anal fissure and stenosis. Surg Clin North Am 68 (1988) 1427-1440
    • (1988) Surg Clin North Am , vol.68 , pp. 1427-1440
    • Notaras, M.J.1
  • 65
    • 0029843458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aetiology and treatment of anal fissure
    • Lund J.N., and Scholefield J.H. Aetiology and treatment of anal fissure. Br J Surg 83 (1996) 1335-1344
    • (1996) Br J Surg , vol.83 , pp. 1335-1344
    • Lund, J.N.1    Scholefield, J.H.2
  • 66
    • 0016164988 scopus 로고
    • Internal anal sphincter derangement with anal fissures
    • Nothmann B.J., and Schuster M.M. Internal anal sphincter derangement with anal fissures. Gastroenterology 67 (1974) 216-220
    • (1974) Gastroenterology , vol.67 , pp. 216-220
    • Nothmann, B.J.1    Schuster, M.M.2
  • 67
    • 0019972993 scopus 로고
    • The role of internal sphincter in chronic anal fissures
    • Abcarian H., Lakshmanan S., Read D.R., et al. The role of internal sphincter in chronic anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 25 (1982) 525-528
    • (1982) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.25 , pp. 525-528
    • Abcarian, H.1    Lakshmanan, S.2    Read, D.R.3
  • 68
    • 0023002178 scopus 로고
    • Internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: long-term effects on anal pressure
    • Chowcat N.L., Araujo J.G.C., and Boulos P.B. Internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: long-term effects on anal pressure. Br J Surg 73 (1986) 915-916
    • (1986) Br J Surg , vol.73 , pp. 915-916
    • Chowcat, N.L.1    Araujo, J.G.C.2    Boulos, P.B.3
  • 69
    • 0027362074 scopus 로고
    • Anal manometry in patients with fissure-in-ano before and after internal sphincterotomy
    • Xynos E., Tzortzinis A., Chrysos E., et al. Anal manometry in patients with fissure-in-ano before and after internal sphincterotomy. Int J Colorectal Dis 8 (1993) 125-128
    • (1993) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.8 , pp. 125-128
    • Xynos, E.1    Tzortzinis, A.2    Chrysos, E.3
  • 70
    • 0028316898 scopus 로고
    • Sustained internal sphincter hypertonia in patients with chronic anal fissure
    • Farouk R., Duthie G.S., MacGregor A.B., et al. Sustained internal sphincter hypertonia in patients with chronic anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 37 (1994) 424-429
    • (1994) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.37 , pp. 424-429
    • Farouk, R.1    Duthie, G.S.2    MacGregor, A.B.3
  • 71
    • 0017349920 scopus 로고
    • The internal sphincter and anal fissure
    • Hancock B.D. The internal sphincter and anal fissure. Br J Surg 64 (1977) 92-95
    • (1977) Br J Surg , vol.64 , pp. 92-95
    • Hancock, B.D.1
  • 72
    • 0024378437 scopus 로고
    • Anal manometric studies in hemorrhoids and anal fissures
    • Lin J.K. Anal manometric studies in hemorrhoids and anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 32 (1989) 839-842
    • (1989) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.32 , pp. 839-842
    • Lin, J.K.1
  • 73
    • 0022601219 scopus 로고
    • Anal hypertonia in fissures: cause or effect?
    • Gibbons C.P., and Read N.W. Anal hypertonia in fissures: cause or effect?. Br J Surg 73 (1986) 443-445
    • (1986) Br J Surg , vol.73 , pp. 443-445
    • Gibbons, C.P.1    Read, N.W.2
  • 74
    • 0024535095 scopus 로고
    • Topography of the inferior rectal artery: a possible cause of chronic, primary anal fissure
    • Klosterhalfen B., Vogel P., Rixen H., et al. Topography of the inferior rectal artery: a possible cause of chronic, primary anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 32 (1989) 43-52
    • (1989) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.32 , pp. 43-52
    • Klosterhalfen, B.1    Vogel, P.2    Rixen, H.3
  • 75
    • 19944418243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The internal anal sphincter: regulation of smooth muscle tone and relaxation
    • Rattan S. The internal anal sphincter: regulation of smooth muscle tone and relaxation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 17 Suppl 1 (2005) 50-59
    • (2005) Neurogastroenterol Motil , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 50-59
    • Rattan, S.1
  • 76
    • 28844460242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide not carbon monoxide mediates nonadrenergic noncholinergic relaxation in the murine internal anal sphincter
    • Rattan S., Regan R.F., Patel C.A., et al. Nitric oxide not carbon monoxide mediates nonadrenergic noncholinergic relaxation in the murine internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 129 (2005) 1954-1966
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.129 , pp. 1954-1966
    • Rattan, S.1    Regan, R.F.2    Patel, C.A.3
  • 77
    • 0036797522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical L-arginine gel lowers resting anal pressure: possible treatment for anal fissure
    • Griffin N., Zimmerman D.D., Briel J.W., et al. Topical L-arginine gel lowers resting anal pressure: possible treatment for anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 45 (2002) 1332-1336
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , pp. 1332-1336
    • Griffin, N.1    Zimmerman, D.D.2    Briel, J.W.3
  • 78
    • 33749037731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide deficiency in the internal anal sphincter of patients with chronic anal fissure
    • Lund J.N. Nitric oxide deficiency in the internal anal sphincter of patients with chronic anal fissure. Int J Colorectal Dis 21 (2006) 673-675
    • (2006) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.21 , pp. 673-675
    • Lund, J.N.1
  • 79
    • 0030709356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal sphincter spasm in anal fissure
    • Lund J.N., and Scholefield J.H. Internal sphincter spasm in anal fissure. Br J Surg 84 (1997) 1723-1724
    • (1997) Br J Surg , vol.84 , pp. 1723-1724
    • Lund, J.N.1    Scholefield, J.H.2
  • 80
    • 0031025486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the treatment of anal fissure
    • Lund J.N., and Scholefield J.H. A randomised, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the treatment of anal fissure. Lancet 349 (1997) 11-14
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 11-14
    • Lund, J.N.1    Scholefield, J.H.2
  • 81
    • 0032965927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial shows that glyceryl trinitrate heals anal fissures, higher doses are not more effective, and there is a high recurrence rate
    • Carapeti E.A., Kamm M.A., McDonald P.J., et al. Randomised controlled trial shows that glyceryl trinitrate heals anal fissures, higher doses are not more effective, and there is a high recurrence rate. Gut 44 (1999) 727-730
    • (1999) Gut , vol.44 , pp. 727-730
    • Carapeti, E.A.1    Kamm, M.A.2    McDonald, P.J.3
  • 82
    • 18544385660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study to determine the nitroglycerin ointment dose and dosing interval that best promote the healing of chronic anal fissures
    • Bailey H.R., Beck D.E., Billingham R.P., et al. A study to determine the nitroglycerin ointment dose and dosing interval that best promote the healing of chronic anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 45 (2002) 1192-1199
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , pp. 1192-1199
    • Bailey, H.R.1    Beck, D.E.2    Billingham, R.P.3
  • 83
    • 0037302568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dose finding study with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% glyceryl trinitrate ointment in patients with chronic anal fissures
    • Scholefield J.H., Bock J.U., Marla B., et al. A dose finding study with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% glyceryl trinitrate ointment in patients with chronic anal fissures. Gut 52 (2003) 264-269
    • (2003) Gut , vol.52 , pp. 264-269
    • Scholefield, J.H.1    Bock, J.U.2    Marla, B.3
  • 84
    • 0032856224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glyceryl trinitrate ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a placebo-controlled trial and long-term follow-up
    • Kennedy M.L., Sowter S., Nguyen H., et al. Glyceryl trinitrate ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a placebo-controlled trial and long-term follow-up. Dis Colon Rectum 42 (1999) 1000-1006
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , pp. 1000-1006
    • Kennedy, M.L.1    Sowter, S.2    Nguyen, H.3
  • 85
    • 18144447810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glyceryl trinitrate for chronic anal fissure-healing or headache? Results of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial
    • Altomare D.F., Rinaldi M., Milito G., et al. Glyceryl trinitrate for chronic anal fissure-healing or headache? Results of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Dis Colon Rectum 43 (2000) 174-179
    • (2000) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.43 , pp. 174-179
    • Altomare, D.F.1    Rinaldi, M.2    Milito, G.3
  • 86
    • 39049195885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonsurgical therapy for anal fissure
    • CD003431
    • Nelson R. Nonsurgical therapy for anal fissure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4 (2006) CD003431
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Nelson, R.1
  • 87
    • 0034892662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of oral vs. topical diltiazem for chronic anal fissures
    • Jonas M., Neal K.R., Abercrombie J.F., et al. A randomized trial of oral vs. topical diltiazem for chronic anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 44 (2001) 1074-1078
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , pp. 1074-1078
    • Jonas, M.1    Neal, K.R.2    Abercrombie, J.F.3
  • 88
    • 0036271687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial assessing the side-effects of glyceryl trinitrate and diltiazem hydrochloride in the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Kocher H.M., Steward M., Leather A.J., et al. Randomized clinical trial assessing the side-effects of glyceryl trinitrate and diltiazem hydrochloride in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg 89 (2002) 413-417
    • (2002) Br J Surg , vol.89 , pp. 413-417
    • Kocher, H.M.1    Steward, M.2    Leather, A.J.3
  • 89
    • 0036848962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical nifedipine with lidocaine ointment vs. active control for treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind study
    • Perrotti P., Bove A., Antropoli C., et al. Topical nifedipine with lidocaine ointment vs. active control for treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Dis Colon Rectum 45 (2002) 1468-1475
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , pp. 1468-1475
    • Perrotti, P.1    Bove, A.2    Antropoli, C.3
  • 90
    • 0032821329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral nifedipine reduces resting anal pressure and heals chronic anal fissure
    • Cook T.A., Humphreys M.M., and Mortensen N.J. Oral nifedipine reduces resting anal pressure and heals chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg 86 (1999) 1269-1273
    • (1999) Br J Surg , vol.86 , pp. 1269-1273
    • Cook, T.A.1    Humphreys, M.M.2    Mortensen, N.J.3
  • 91
    • 33749822595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The long-term results of diltiazem treatment for anal fissure
    • Nash G.F., Kapoor K., Saed-Parsy K., et al. The long-term results of diltiazem treatment for anal fissure. Int J Clin Pract 60 (2006) 1411-1413
    • (2006) Int J Clin Pract , vol.60 , pp. 1411-1413
    • Nash, G.F.1    Kapoor, K.2    Saed-Parsy, K.3
  • 92
    • 0032556991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of botulinum toxin and saline for the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Maria G., Cassetta E., Gui D., et al. A comparison of botulinum toxin and saline for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. N Engl J Med 338 (1998) 217-220
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 217-220
    • Maria, G.1    Cassetta, E.2    Gui, D.3
  • 93
    • 0344721503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effects of different doses of botulinum toxin in chronic anal fissure
    • Minguez M., Melo F., Espi A., et al. Therapeutic effects of different doses of botulinum toxin in chronic anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 42 (1999) 1016-1021
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , pp. 1016-1021
    • Minguez, M.1    Melo, F.2    Espi, A.3
  • 94
    • 0033536290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of injections of botulinum toxin and topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Brisinda G., Maria G., Bentivoglio A.R., et al. A comparison of injections of botulinum toxin and topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. N Engl J Med 341 (1999) 65-69
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 65-69
    • Brisinda, G.1    Maria, G.2    Bentivoglio, A.R.3
  • 95
    • 0028797637 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin in therapy of anal fissure
    • Jost W.H., and Schimrigk K. Botulinum toxin in therapy of anal fissure. Lancet 345 (1995) 188-189
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.345 , pp. 188-189
    • Jost, W.H.1    Schimrigk, K.2
  • 96
    • 0036308342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up (42 months) of chronic anal fissure after healing with botulinum toxin
    • Minguez M., Herreros B., Espi A., et al. Long-term follow-up (42 months) of chronic anal fissure after healing with botulinum toxin. Gastroenterology 123 (2002) 112-117
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.123 , pp. 112-117
    • Minguez, M.1    Herreros, B.2    Espi, A.3
  • 98
    • 0034886174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical nitrates and the higher doses of botulinum toxin for chronic anal fissure
    • Madalinski M.H., Slawek J., Zbytek B., et al. Topical nitrates and the higher doses of botulinum toxin for chronic anal fissure. Hepatogastroenterology 48 (2001) 977-979
    • (2001) Hepatogastroenterology , vol.48 , pp. 977-979
    • Madalinski, M.H.1    Slawek, J.2    Zbytek, B.3
  • 99
    • 0035129719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical nitrates potentiate the effect of botulinum toxin in the treatment of patients with refractory anal fissure
    • Lysy J., Israelit-Yatzkan Y., Sestiery-Ittah M., et al. Topical nitrates potentiate the effect of botulinum toxin in the treatment of patients with refractory anal fissure. Gut 48 (2001) 221-224
    • (2001) Gut , vol.48 , pp. 221-224
    • Lysy, J.1    Israelit-Yatzkan, Y.2    Sestiery-Ittah, M.3
  • 100
    • 19444365799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of chronic anal fissure by application of L-arginine gel: a phase II study in 15 patients
    • Gosselink M.P., Darby M., Zimmerman D.D., et al. Treatment of chronic anal fissure by application of L-arginine gel: a phase II study in 15 patients. Dis Colon Rectum 48 (2005) 832-837
    • (2005) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.48 , pp. 832-837
    • Gosselink, M.P.1    Darby, M.2    Zimmerman, D.D.3
  • 101
    • 0025171547 scopus 로고
    • Role of alpha adrenoceptors in opossum internal anal sphincter
    • Yamato S., and Rattan S. Role of alpha adrenoceptors in opossum internal anal sphincter. J Clin Invest 86 (1990) 424-429
    • (1990) J Clin Invest , vol.86 , pp. 424-429
    • Yamato, S.1    Rattan, S.2
  • 102
    • 28444469824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autocrine regulation of internal anal sphincter tone by renin-angiotensin system: comparison with phasic smooth muscle
    • De Godoy M.A., and Rattan S. Autocrine regulation of internal anal sphincter tone by renin-angiotensin system: comparison with phasic smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 289 (2005) G1164-G1175
    • (2005) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.289
    • De Godoy, M.A.1    Rattan, S.2
  • 103
    • 0037394809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of hyperbaric oxygen to treat chronic anal fissure
    • Cundall J.D., Gardiner A., Laden G., et al. Use of hyperbaric oxygen to treat chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg 90 (2003) 452-453
    • (2003) Br J Surg , vol.90 , pp. 452-453
    • Cundall, J.D.1    Gardiner, A.2    Laden, G.3
  • 104
    • 0026314922 scopus 로고
    • Sphincter injury after anal dilatation demonstrated by endosonography
    • Speakman C.T., Burnett S.J., Kamm M.A., et al. Sphincter injury after anal dilatation demonstrated by endosonography. Br J Surg 78 (1991) 1429-1430
    • (1991) Br J Surg , vol.78 , pp. 1429-1430
    • Speakman, C.T.1    Burnett, S.J.2    Kamm, M.A.3
  • 105
    • 0027179167 scopus 로고
    • Risk of sphincter damage and anal incontinence after anal dilatation for fissure-in-ano. An endosonographic study
    • Nielsen M.B., Rasmussen O., Pedersen J.F., et al. Risk of sphincter damage and anal incontinence after anal dilatation for fissure-in-ano. An endosonographic study. Dis Colon Rectum 36 (1993) 677-680
    • (1993) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.36 , pp. 677-680
    • Nielsen, M.B.1    Rasmussen, O.2    Pedersen, J.F.3
  • 106
    • 0026949207 scopus 로고
    • Surgical treatment of chronic fissure-in-ano: a prospective randomised study
    • Saad A.M., and Omer A. Surgical treatment of chronic fissure-in-ano: a prospective randomised study. East Afr Med J 69 (1992) 613-615
    • (1992) East Afr Med J , vol.69 , pp. 613-615
    • Saad, A.M.1    Omer, A.2
  • 107
    • 0023513270 scopus 로고
    • Anal sphincter function after treatment of fissure-in-ano by lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy versus anal dilatation. A randomized study
    • Olsen J., Mortensen P.E., Krogh-Petersen I., et al. Anal sphincter function after treatment of fissure-in-ano by lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy versus anal dilatation. A randomized study. Int J Colorectal Dis 2 (1987) 155-157
    • (1987) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.2 , pp. 155-157
    • Olsen, J.1    Mortensen, P.E.2    Krogh-Petersen, I.3
  • 108
    • 0021178286 scopus 로고
    • Lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy versus anal dilatation in the treatment of fissure in ano in outpatients: a prospective randomised study
    • Jensen S.L., Lund F., Nielsen O.V., et al. Lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy versus anal dilatation in the treatment of fissure in ano in outpatients: a prospective randomised study. BMJ 289 (1984) 528-530
    • (1984) BMJ , vol.289 , pp. 528-530
    • Jensen, S.L.1    Lund, F.2    Nielsen, O.V.3
  • 109
    • 0017094097 scopus 로고
    • Die behandlung der primar-chronischen analfissur durch dehnung des analkanales oder sphincterotomie
    • Fischer M., Thermann M., Trobisch M., et al. Die behandlung der primar-chronischen analfissur durch dehnung des analkanales oder sphincterotomie. Langenbecks Arch Chir 343 (1976) 35-44
    • (1976) Langenbecks Arch Chir , vol.343 , pp. 35-44
    • Fischer, M.1    Thermann, M.2    Trobisch, M.3
  • 110
    • 0024373385 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of anal fissure: a comparison of three different forms of therapy
    • Giebel G.D., and Horch R. Treatment of anal fissure: a comparison of three different forms of therapy. Nippon Geka Hokan 58 (1989) 126-133
    • (1989) Nippon Geka Hokan , vol.58 , pp. 126-133
    • Giebel, G.D.1    Horch, R.2
  • 111
    • 0018627852 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy with anal dilatation in the treatment of fissure in ano
    • Collopy B., and Ryan P. Comparison of lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy with anal dilatation in the treatment of fissure in ano. Med J Aust 2 (1979) 461-462
    • (1979) Med J Aust , vol.2 , pp. 461-462
    • Collopy, B.1    Ryan, P.2
  • 112
    • 0014619818 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of chronic fissure in ano. A trial of methods
    • Hawley P. The treatment of chronic fissure in ano. A trial of methods. Br J Surg 56 (1969) 915-918
    • (1969) Br J Surg , vol.56 , pp. 915-918
    • Hawley, P.1
  • 113
    • 21844467265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Operative procedures for fissure in ano
    • CD002199
    • Nelson R. Operative procedures for fissure in ano. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2 (2005) CD002199
    • (2005) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.2
    • Nelson, R.1
  • 114
    • 13744249836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumatic balloon dilatation for chronic anal fissure: a prospective, clinical, endosonographic, and manometric study
    • Renzi A., Brusciano L., Pescatori M., et al. Pneumatic balloon dilatation for chronic anal fissure: a prospective, clinical, endosonographic, and manometric study. Dis Colon Rectum 48 (2005) 121-126
    • (2005) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.48 , pp. 121-126
    • Renzi, A.1    Brusciano, L.2    Pescatori, M.3
  • 115
    • 0000542374 scopus 로고
    • The surgical correction of chronic internal anal (sphincteric) contracture
    • Eisenhammer S. The surgical correction of chronic internal anal (sphincteric) contracture. S Afr Med J 25 (1951) 486-489
    • (1951) S Afr Med J , vol.25 , pp. 486-489
    • Eisenhammer, S.1
  • 116
    • 0014667130 scopus 로고
    • Lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for anal fissure-a new technique
    • Notaras M.J. Lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for anal fissure-a new technique. Proc R Soc Med 62 (1969) 713-715
    • (1969) Proc R Soc Med , vol.62 , pp. 713-715
    • Notaras, M.J.1
  • 117
    • 19944431171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice parameters for the management of anal fissures
    • [revised]
    • Orsay C., Rakinic J., Perry B., et al. Practice parameters for the management of anal fissures. [revised]. Dis Colon Rectum 47 (2004) 2003-2007
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , pp. 2003-2007
    • Orsay, C.1    Rakinic, J.2    Perry, B.3
  • 118
    • 0023943625 scopus 로고
    • Longterm results of open and closed sphincterotomy for anal fissure
    • Lewis T.H., Corman M.L., Prager E.D., et al. Longterm results of open and closed sphincterotomy for anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 31 5 (1988) 368-371
    • (1988) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 368-371
    • Lewis, T.H.1    Corman, M.L.2    Prager, E.D.3
  • 119
    • 0026792935 scopus 로고
    • Chronic fissure-in-ano: a randomized study comparing open and subcutaneous lateral internal sphincterotomy
    • Kortbeek J.B., Langevin J.M., Khoo R.E., et al. Chronic fissure-in-ano: a randomized study comparing open and subcutaneous lateral internal sphincterotomy. Dis Colon Rectum 35 (1992) 835-837
    • (1992) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.35 , pp. 835-837
    • Kortbeek, J.B.1    Langevin, J.M.2    Khoo, R.E.3
  • 120
    • 0032737771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of operative techniques for fissure-in-ano
    • Nelson R.L. Meta-analysis of operative techniques for fissure-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 42 (1999) 1424-1428
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , pp. 1424-1428
    • Nelson, R.L.1
  • 121
    • 0030721466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tailored lateral sphincterotomy for anal fissure
    • Littlejohn D.R., and Newstead G.L. Tailored lateral sphincterotomy for anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 40 12 (1997) 1439-1442
    • (1997) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.40 , Issue.12 , pp. 1439-1442
    • Littlejohn, D.R.1    Newstead, G.L.2
  • 122
    • 0018857928 scopus 로고
    • Surgical correction of chronic anal fissure: results of lateral anal internal sphincterotomy vs. fissurectomy-mid-line sphincterotomy
    • Abcarian H. Surgical correction of chronic anal fissure: results of lateral anal internal sphincterotomy vs. fissurectomy-mid-line sphincterotomy. Dis Colon Rectum 23 (1980) 31-36
    • (1980) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.23 , pp. 31-36
    • Abcarian, H.1
  • 123
    • 51349115789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wolff B.G., Fleshner J.W., and Beck D.E. (Eds), Spinger Science+Business Media, New York
    • Dykes S.L., Madoff R.D., et al. The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery. In: Wolff B.G., Fleshner J.W., and Beck D.E. (Eds) (2007), Spinger Science+Business Media, New York 178-191
    • (2007) The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery , pp. 178-191
    • Dykes, S.L.1    Madoff, R.D.2
  • 124
    • 0346731283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incontinence after lateral internal sphincterotomy: a retrospective study and quality of life assessment
    • Hyman N. Incontinence after lateral internal sphincterotomy: a retrospective study and quality of life assessment. Dis Colon Rectum 47 (2004) 35-38
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , pp. 35-38
    • Hyman, N.1
  • 125
    • 33745960770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure with particular reference to quality of life
    • Mentes B.B., Tezcaner T., Yilmaz U., et al. Results of lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure with particular reference to quality of life. Dis Colon Rectum 49 (2006) 1045-1051
    • (2006) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.49 , pp. 1045-1051
    • Mentes, B.B.1    Tezcaner, T.2    Yilmaz, U.3
  • 126
    • 0027971338 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of the extent of internal anal sphincter division during lateral sphincterotomy
    • Sultan A.H., Kamm M.A., Nicholls R.J., et al. Prospective study of the extent of internal anal sphincter division during lateral sphincterotomy. Dis Colon Rectum 37 (1994) 1031-1033
    • (1994) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.37 , pp. 1031-1033
    • Sultan, A.H.1    Kamm, M.A.2    Nicholls, R.J.3
  • 127
    • 0031024746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical failure of lateral sphincterotomy for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: a study using anal ultrasonography
    • Farouk R., Monson J.R.T., and Duthie G.S. Technical failure of lateral sphincterotomy for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: a study using anal ultrasonography. Br J Surg 84 (1997) 84-85
    • (1997) Br J Surg , vol.84 , pp. 84-85
    • Farouk, R.1    Monson, J.R.T.2    Duthie, G.S.3
  • 128
    • 12944324724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different anal pressures profiles in patients with anal fissures
    • Bove A., Balzano A., Perrotti P., et al. Different anal pressures profiles in patients with anal fissures. Tech Coloproctol 8 (2004) 151-156
    • (2004) Tech Coloproctol , vol.8 , pp. 151-156
    • Bove, A.1    Balzano, A.2    Perrotti, P.3
  • 129
    • 0028804565 scopus 로고
    • Lateral sphincterotomy compared with anal advancement flap for chronic anal fissure
    • Leong A.F., and Seow-Choen F. Lateral sphincterotomy compared with anal advancement flap for chronic anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 38 (1995) 69-71
    • (1995) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.38 , pp. 69-71
    • Leong, A.F.1    Seow-Choen, F.2
  • 130
    • 0028936963 scopus 로고
    • Island advancement flaps in the management of anal fissures
    • Nyam D.C., Wilson R.G., Stewart K.J., et al. Island advancement flaps in the management of anal fissures. Br J Surg 82 (1995) 326-328
    • (1995) Br J Surg , vol.82 , pp. 326-328
    • Nyam, D.C.1    Wilson, R.G.2    Stewart, K.J.3
  • 131
    • 51349129862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morin N. 2008 Core Subjects. Hemorrhoids & Fissure-in-Ano. Available at: www.fascrs.org/physicians/education/core_subjects.
    • Morin N. 2008 Core Subjects. Hemorrhoids & Fissure-in-Ano. Available at: www.fascrs.org/physicians/education/core_subjects.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.