Effective Over-the-Counter Acne Treatments

Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery

Volumn 27, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 170-176

  Bowe, Whitney P ^a   Shalita, Alan R ^a  

^a SUNY Downstate Medical Center   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2 HYDROXYACID; ANTI ACNE AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AYURVEDIC DRUG; BENZACLIN; BENZAMYCIN; BENZOYL PEROXIDE; BREVOXYL; CHROMIUM; CLINDAMYCIN; DERMIK; DUAC; ERYTHROMYCIN; GLUCONATE ZINC; GLYCOLIC ACID; MINOCYCLINE; NON PRESCRIPTION DRUG; PLACEBO; PROACTIV; PYRIDOXINE; RESORCINOL; RETINAL; RETINOIC ACID; RETINOID; RETINOL; SALICYLIC ACID; STRIDEX; SULFACETAMIDE; SULFUR; TEA TREE OIL; TETRACYCLINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; ZINC DERIVATIVE; ZINC SULFATE;

ACNE; ADJUVANT THERAPY; ALOE VERA; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; CHEILITIS; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; DIARRHEA; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG DOSAGE FORM COMPARISON; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG MARKETING; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG PENETRATION; DRY SKIN; EAR INJURY; ERYTHEMA; ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME; GLYCYRRHIZA; HUMAN; HYPOGLYCEMIA; INTERNET; MALODOR; NAUSEA; NONHUMAN; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SALICYLATE TOXICITY; SKIN ABRASION; SKIN BURNING SENSATION; SKIN IRRITATION; SKIN PENETRATION; SKIN PRURITUS; SKIN STINGING; STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME; TANACETUM PARTHENIUM; TELEVISION; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; VOMITING; XEROSIS;

ACNE VULGARIS; BENZOYL PEROXIDE; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; HUMANS; HYDROXY ACIDS; NONPRESCRIPTION DRUGS; SALICYLIC ACID; SULFUR; VITAMIN A; ZINC;

EID: 50949089379     PISSN: 10855629     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.sder.2008.07.004     Document Type: Review

References (104)

1. Kraning K.K., and Odland G.F. Prevalence, morbidity and cost of dermatologic diseases. J Invest Dermatol 73 suppl (1979) 395-401
2. Collier C.N., Harper J.C., Cantrell W.C., et al. The prevalence of acne in adults 20 years and older. J Am Acad Dermatol 58 (2008) 56-59
3. McConnell R.C., Fleischer Jr. A.B., Williford P.M., et al. Most topical tretinoin treatment is for acne vulgaris through the age of 44 years: An analysis of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 1990-1994. J Am Acad Dermatol 38 (1998) 221-226
4. Weinberg J.M. The changing face of acne. Cutis 74 (2004) 86
5. James W.D. Clinical practice. Acne. N Engl J Med 352 (2005) 1463-1472
6. Rougier A., Dupuis D., Lotte C., et al. The measurement of the stratum corneum reservoir. A predictive method for in vivo percutaneous absorption studies: Influence of application time. J Invest Dermatol 84 (1985) 66-68
7. Berson D.S., and Shalita A.R. The treatment of acne: The role of combination therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol 32 (1995) S31-S41
8. Kligman A.M. Acne vulgaris: Tricks and treatments. Part II: The benzoyl peroxide saga. Cutis 56 (1995) 260-261
9. Burke B., Eady E.A., and Cunliffe W.J. Benzoyl peroxide versus topical erythromycin in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 108 (1983) 199-204
10. Swinyer L.J., Baker M.D., Swinyer T.A., et al. A comparative study of benzoyl peroxide and clindamycin phosphate for treating acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 119 (1988) 615-622
11. Tucker S.B., Tausend R., Cochran R., et al. Comparison of topical clindamycin phosphate, benzoyl peroxide, and a combination of the two for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 110 (1984) 487-492
12. Berson D, Lee W, Shalita AR: Benzoyl peroxide reduces resistance to erythromycin. New York Academy of Medicine Residents Night, NY, NY, June 1988
13. Cunliffe W.J., Dodman B., and Ead R. Benzoyl peroxide in acne. Practitioner 220 (1978) 479-482
14. Harkaway K.S., McGinley K.J., Foglia A.N., et al. Antibiotic resistance patterns in coagulase-negative staphylococci after treatment with topical erythromycin, benzoyl peroxide, and combination therapy. Br J Dermatol 126 (1992) 586-590
15. Hughes B.R., Norris J.F., and Cunliffe W.J. A double-blind evaluation of topical isotretinoin 0.05%, benzoyl peroxide gel 5% and placebo in patients with acne. Clin Exp Dermatol 17 (1992) 165-168
16. Mills Jr. O.H., Kligman A.M., Pochi P., et al. Comparing 2.5%, 5%, and 10% benzoyl peroxide on inflammatory acne vulgaris. Int J Dermatol 25 (1986) 664-667
17. Schutte H., Cunliffe W.J., and Forster R.A. The short-term effects of benzoyl peroxide lotion on the resolution of inflamed acne lesions. Br J Dermatol 106 (1982) 91-94
18. Ozolins M., Eady E.A., Avery A.J., et al. Comparison of five antimicrobial regimens for treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory facial acne vulgaris in the community: Randomised controlled trial. Lancet 364 (2004) 2188-2195
19. Morelli R., Lanzarini M., Vincenzi C., et al. Contact dermatitis due to benzoyl peroxide. Contact Dermatitis 20 (1989) 238-239
20. In: Gilman A.G., Rall T.W., and Nies A.S. (Eds). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (1990), Pergamon Press, New York
21. Strauss J.S., Krowchuk D.P., Leyden J.J., et al. Guidelines of care for acne vulgaris management. J Am Acad Dermatol 56 (2007) 651-663
22. Shalita A.R. Treatment of mild and moderate acne vulgaris with salicylic acid in an alcohol-detergent vehicle. Cutis 28 (1981) 556-558 561
23. Zander E., and Weisman S. Treatment of acne vulgaris with salicylic acid pads. Clin Ther 14 (1992) 247-253
24. Hjorth N. Traditional topical treatment of acne. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) Suppl 89 (1980) 53-56
25. Olsen T.G. Therapy of acne. Med Clin North Am 66 (1982) 851-871
26. Olin B. Facts and comparisons (1990), JB Lippincott Co, St Louis
27. Shalita AR: Comparison of 2% salicylic acid alcoholic detergent solution (Stridex) with benzoyl peroxide 5% cream. Submitted to the FDA, April 12, 1982, 2008 Data on file, Glenbrook Laboratories
28. Shalita A.R. Comparison of a salicylic acid cleanser and a benzoyl peroxide wash in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Clin Ther 11 (1989) 264-267
29. Mammone T., Gan D., Goyarts E., et al. Salicylic acid protects the skin from UV damage. J Cosmet Sci 57 (2006) 203-204
30. Schwarb F.P., Gabard B., Rufli T., et al. Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid in man after topical administration of three different formulations. Dermatology 198 (1999) 44-51
31. Pertoldi F., D'Orlando L., and Mercante W.P. Acute salicylate intoxication after trancutaneous absorption. Minerva Anestesiol 65 (1999) 571-573
32. Raschke R., Arnold-Capell P.A., Richeson R., et al. Refractory hypoglycemia secondary to topical salicylate intoxication. Arch Intern Med 151 (1991) 591-593
33. Candy J.M., Morrison C., Paton R.D., et al. Salicylate toxicity masquerading as malignant hyperthermia. Paediatr Anaesth 8 (1998) 421-423
34. Chiaretti A., Schembri W.D., Tortorolo L., et al. Salicylate intoxication using a skin ointment. Acta Paediatr 86 (1997) 330-331
35. Davies M.G., Briffa D.V., and Greaves M.W. Systemic toxicity from topically applied salicylic acid. BMJ 1 (1979) 661
36. Germann R., Schindera I., Kuch M., et al. Life threatening salicylate poisoning caused by percutaneous absorption in severe ichthyosis vulgaris. Hautarzt 47 (1996) 624-627
37. Pec J., Strmenova M., Palencarova E., et al. Salicylate intoxication after use of topical salicylic acid ointment by a patient with psoriasis. Cutis 50 (1992) 307-309
38. Poe T.E., Scott R.B., and Keith Jr. J.F. Drug interactions with furosemide. J Fam Pract 18 (1984) 204
39. Physician's Desk Reference (2002), Medical Economics Company Inc, Montvale, NJ
40. Gupta A.K., and Nicol K. The use of sulfur in dermatology. J Drugs Dermatol 3 (2004) 427-431
41. Lin A.N., Reimer R.J., and Carter D.M. Sulfur revisited. J Am Acad Dermatol 18 (1988) 553-558
42. Danto J.L., Maddin W.S., Stewart W.D., et al. A controlled trial of benzoyl peroxide and precipitated sulfur cream in acne vulgaris. Appl Ther 8 (1966) 624-625
43. Wilkinson R.D., Adam J.E., Murray J.J., et al. Benzoyl peroxide and sulfur: Foundation for acne management. Can Med Assoc J 95 (1966) 28-29
44. Breneman D.L., and Ariano M.C. Successful treatment of acne vulgaris in women with a new topical sodium sulfacetamide/sulfur lotion. Int J Dermatol 32 (1993) 365-367
45. Mills Jr. O.H., and Kligman A.M. Is sulphur helpful or harmful in acne vulgaris?. Br J Dermatol 86 (1972) 620-627
46. Fulton Jr. J.E., Pay S.R., and Fulton III J.E. Comedogenicity of current therapeutic products, cosmetics, and ingredients in the rabbit ear. J Am Acad Dermatol 10 (1984) 96-105
47. Strauss J.S., Goldman P.H., Nacht S., et al. A reexamination of the potential comedogenicity of sulfur. Arch Dermatol 114 (1978) 1340-1342
48. Kaminsky A. Less common methods to treat acne. Dermatology 206 (2003) 68-73
49. Akhavan A., and Bershad S. Topical acne drugs: Review of clinical properties, systemic exposure, and safety. Am J Clin Dermatol 4 (2003) 473-492
50. Tarimci N., Sener S., and Kilinc T. Topical sodium sulfacetamide/sulfur lotion. J Clin Pharm Ther 22 (1997) 301
51. Olansky S. Old drug-in a new system-revisited. Cutis 19 (1977) 852-854
52. Olansky S. Old drug-in a new system-revisited. Cutis 19 (1977) 852-854
53. Genvert G.I., Cohen E.J., Donnenfeld E.D., et al. Erythema multiforme after use of topical sulfacetamide. Am J Ophthalmol 99 (1985) 465-468
54. Gottschalk H.R., and Stone O.J. Stevens-Johnson syndrome from ophthalmic sulfonamide. Arch Dermatol 112 (1976) 513-514
55. Rubin Z. Ophthalmic sulfonamide-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Arch Dermatol 113 (1977) 235-236
56. Van Scott E.J., and Yu R.J. Hyperkeratinization, corneocyte cohesion, and alpha hydroxy acids. J Am Acad Dermatol 11 (1984) 867-879
57. Tung R.C., Bergfeld W.F., Vidimos A.T., et al. Alpha-hydroxy acid-based cosmetic procedures. Guidelines for patient management. Am J Clin Dermatol 1 (2000) 81-88
58. Dreno B., Nocera T., Verriere F., et al. Topical retinaldehyde with glycolic acid: Study of tolerance and acceptability in association with anti-acne treatments in 1,709 patients. Dermatology 210 suppl 1 (2005) 22-29
59. Poli F., Ribet V., Lauze C., et al. Efficacy and safety of 0.1% retinaldehyde/6% glycolic acid (diacneal) for mild to moderate acne vulgaris. A multicentre, double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled trial. Dermatology 210 suppl 1 (2005) 14-21
60. Tran C., Kasraee B., Grand D., et al. Pharmacology of RALGA, a mixture of retinaldehyde and glycolic acid. Dermatology 210 suppl 1 (2005) 6-13
61. Katsambas A.D. RALGA (Diacneal), a retinaldehyde and glycolic acid association and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation in acne-a review. Dermatology 210 suppl 1 (2005) 39-45
62. Prasad A.S. Zinc deficiency. BMJ 326 (2003) 409-410
63. King J.C., Shames D.M., and Woodhouse L.R. Zinc homeostasis in humans. J Nutr 130 (2000) 1360S-1366S
64. Fitzherbert J.C. Zinc deficiency in acne vulgaris. Med J Aust 2 (1977) 685-686
65. Amer M., Bahgat M.R., Tosson Z., et al. Serum zinc in acne vulgaris. Int J Dermatol 21 (1982) 481-484
66. Michaelsson G., Vahlquist A., and Juhlin L. Serum zinc and retinol-binding protein in acne. Br J Dermatol 96 (1977) 283-286
67. Dreno B., Amblard P., Agache P., et al. Low doses of zinc gluconate for inflammatory acne. Acta Derm Venereol 69 (1989) 541-543
68. Dreno B., Moyse D., Alirezai M., et al. Multicenter randomized comparative double-blind controlled clinical trial of the safety and efficacy of zinc gluconate versus minocycline hydrochloride in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris. Dermatology 203 (2001) 135-140
69. Goransson K., Liden S., and Odsell L. Oral zinc in acne vulgaris: A clinical and methodological study. Acta Derm Venereol 58 (1978) 443-448
70. Hillstrom L., Pettersson L., Hellbe L., et al. Comparison of oral treatment with zinc sulphate and placebo in acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 97 (1977) 681-684
71. Liden S., Goransson K., and Odsell L. Clinical evaluation in acne. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 89 (1980) 47-52
72. Michaelsson G., Juhlin L., and Vahlquist A. Effects of oral zinc and vitamin A in acne. Arch Dermatol 113 (1977) 31-36
73. Verma K.C., Saini A.S., and Dhamija S.K. Oral zinc sulphate therapy in acne vulgaris: A double-blind trial. Acta Derm Venereol 60 (1980) 337-340
74. Orris L., Shalita A.R., Sibulkin D., et al. Oral zinc therapy of acne. Absorption and clinical effect. Arch Dermatol 114 (1978) 1018-1020
75. Weimar V.M., Puhl S.C., Smith W.H., et al. Zinc sulfate in acne vulgaris. Arch Dermatol 114 (1978) 1776-1778
76. Cunliffe W.J. Unacceptable side-effects of oral zinc sulphate in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 101 (1979) 363
77. Michaelsson G., Juhlin L., and Ljunghall K. A double-blind study of the effect of zinc and oxytetracycline in acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 97 (1977) 561-566
78. Feucht C.L., Allen B.S., Chalker D.K., et al. Topical erythromycin with zinc in acne. A double-blind controlled study. J Am Acad Dermatol 3 (1980) 483-491
79. Habbema L., Koopmans B., Menke H.E., et al. A 4% erythromycin and zinc combination (Zineryt) versus 2% erythromycin (Eryderm) in acne vulgaris: A randomized, double-blind comparative study. Br J Dermatol 121 (1989) 497-502
80. Schachner L., Eaglstein W., Kittles C., et al. Topical erythromycin and zinc therapy for acne. J Am Acad Dermatol 22 (1990) 253-260
81. Schachner L., Pestana A., and Kittles C. A clinical trial comparing the safety and efficacy of a topical erythromycin-zinc formulation with a topical clindamycin formulation. J Am Acad Dermatol 22 (1990) 489-495
82. Van Hoogdalem E.J., Terpstra I.J., and Baven A.L. Evaluation of the effect of zinc acetate on the stratum corneum penetration kinetics of erythromycin in healthy male volunteers. Skin Pharmacol 9 (1996) 104-110
83. Cochran R.J., Tucker S.B., and Flannigan S.A. Topical zinc therapy for acne vulgaris. Int J Dermatol 24 (1985) 188-190
84. Kligman A.M., Mills Jr. O.H., Leyden J.J., et al. Oral vitamin A in acne vulgaris. Preliminary report. Int J Dermatol 20 (1981) 278-285
85. Bassett I.B., Pannowitz D.L., and Barnetson R.S. A comparative study of tea-tree oil versus benzoylperoxide in the treatment of acne. Med J Aust 153 (1990) 455-458
86. Paranjpe P., and Kulkarni P.H. Comparative efficacy of four ayurvedic formulations in the treatment of acne vulgaris: A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled clinical evaluation. J Ethnopharmacol 49 (1995) 127-132
87. Lalla J.K., Nandedkar S.Y., Paranjape M.H., et al. Clinical trials of ayurvedic formulations in the treatment of acne vulgaris. J Ethnopharmacol 78 (2001) 99-102
88. Paranjpe P., and Kulkarni P.H. Comparative efficacy of four Ayurvedic formulations in the treatment of acne vulgaris: A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled clinical evaluation. J Ethnopharmacol 49 (1995) 127-132
89. Lalla J.K., Nandedkar S.Y., Paranjape M.H., et al. Clinical trials of ayurvedic formulations in the treatment of acne vulgaris. J Ethnopharmacol 78 (2001) 99-102
90. Snider B.L., and Dieteman D.F. Letter: Pyridoxine therapy for premenstrual acne flare. Arch Dermatol 110 (1974) 130-131
91. McCarty M. High-chromium yeast for acne?. Med Hypotheses 14 (1984) 307-310
92. Michaelsson G. Decreased concentration of selenium in whole blood and plasma in acne vulgaris. Acta Derm Venereol 70 (1990) 92
93. Baumann L., Rodriguez D., Taylor S.C., et al. Natural considerations for skin of color. Cutis 78 (2006) 2-19
94. Baumann L.S., and Spencer J. The effects of topical vitamin E on the cosmetic appearance of scars. Dermatol Surg 25 (1999) 311-315
95. Bedi M.K., and Shenefelt P.D. Herbal therapy in dermatology. Arch Dermatol 138 (2002) 232-242
96. Brown D.J., and Dattner A.M. Phytotherapeutic approaches to common dermatologic conditions. Arch Dermatol 134 (1998) 1401-1404
97. Chiu A.E., Chan J.L., Kern D.G., et al. Double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of green tea extracts in the clinical and histologic appearance of photoaging skin. Dermatol Surg 31 (2005) 855-860
98. Farris P.K. Topical vitamin C: A useful agent for treating photoaging and other dermatologic conditions. Dermatol Surg 31 (2005) 814-817
99. Graf J. Herbal anti-inflammatory agents for skin disease. Skin Therapy Lett 5 (2000) 3-5
100. Kolbe L., Immeyer J., Batzer J., et al. Anti-inflammatory efficacy of Licochalcone A: Correlation of clinical potency and in vitro effects. Arch Dermatol Res 298 (2006) 23-30
101. Del Rosso JQ: Evaluation of a Novel, Solubilized BPO gel: A Pooled Analysis from Three Randomized Investigator-Blind Trials. Winter Clinical Dermatology Conference-Hawaii, Maui, Hawaii, March 14-18, 2008
102. Green LJ: Efficacy and Tolerability of a 3-Step Acne System Containing a Novel, Solubilized Benzoyl Peroxide Lotion For Normal to Dry Skin Versus a Benzoyl Peroxide/Clindamycin Combination Product: An Investigator-Blind, Randomized, Parallel-Group Study. 66th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, San Antonio, TX, 2008
103. Tanghetti E, Kircik L, Wilson D, et al: Comparison of a Novel Solubilized Benzoyl Peroxide Gel with Benzoyl Peroxide/Clindamycin: A Multicenter, Investigator-Blind, Randomized Study. 66th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, San Antonio, TX, 2008
104. Woodruff J., Chen T., and Wallo W. Rapid treatment of mild to moderate acne by a novel system combining benzoyl peroxide and a salicylic acid microgel complex (2008), American Academy of Dermatology, San Antonio, TX