Time and identity: A framework for research and theory formation

Developmental Review

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 370-400

  Lichtwarck Aschoff, Anna ^a   van Geert, Paul ^a   Bosma, Harke ^a   Kunnen, Saskia ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Adolescence; Autonomy; Dynamic systems theory; Identity development processes; Inter and intra individual variability; Interactive time scales; Micro level macro level; Order parameter; Self organization; Static dynamic approaches

Indexed keywords

EID: 50849125723     PISSN: 02732297     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2008.04.001     Document Type: Article

References (138)

1. Bengtson P.L., and Grotevant H.D. The individuality and connectedness Q-sort: A measure for assessing individuality and connectedness in dyadic relationships. Personal Relationships 6 (1999) 213-225
2. Berzonsky M.D. Self-construction over the life span: A process perspective on identity formation. Advances in Personal Construct Psychology 1 (1990) 155-186
3. Berzonsky M.D. Identity style and well-being: Does commitment matter?. Identity 3 (2003) 131-142
4. Beyers W., Goossens L., Vansant I., and Moors E. A structural model of autonomy in middle and late adolescence: Connectedness, separation, detachment, and agency. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 32 (2003) 351-365
5. Boker S.M., and Graham J. A dynamical systems analysis of adolescent substance abuse. Multivariate Behavioral Research 33 4 (1998) 479-507
6. Bosma H.A. Identity and identity processes: What are we talking about?. In: Oosterwegel A., and Wicklund R.A. (Eds). The self in European and North American culture: Development and processes. NATO advanced science institutes series (1995), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York 5-17
7. Bosma H.A., and Van Halen C.P.M. Identiteitsproblemen in de menselijke ontwikkeling: een integrerend perspectief. Psychologie & Maatschappij 88 (1999) 259-271
8. Bosma H.A., and Kunnen E.S. Identity and emotion. Development through self-organization (2001), University Press, Cambridge
9. Bosma H.A., and Kunnen E.S. Determinants and mechanisms in ego identity development: A review and synthesis. Developmental Review 21 (2001) 39-66
10. Bosma H.A., and Gerlsma C. From early attachment relations to the adolescent and adult organization of self. In: Valsiner J., and Connolly K.J. (Eds). Handbook of developmental psychology (2003), SAGE Publication, London
11. Breakwell G.M. Coping with threatened identities (1986), Methuen, London
12. Breakwell G.M. Strategies adopted when identity is threatened. Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale 1 (1988) 189-203
13. Broer, H.W. & Takens, F. (in press). Dynamical systems and chaos. Utrecht: Epsilon Uitgaven.
14. Burke P.J. Identity processes and social stress. American Sociological Review 56 (1991) 836-849
15. Chomsky N. Syntactic structures (1957), Mouton, The Hague
16. Collins W.A. Shared views and parent-adolescent relationships. In: Paikoff R. (Ed). Shared views in the family during adolescence: New directions for child development (1991), Jossey-Bass, San Francisco
17. Collins W.A. Parent and adolescent expectancies: Individual and relational significance. New Directions for Child Development 66 (1994) 65-80
18. Collins W.A. Relationships and development: Family adaptation to individual change. In: Shulman S. (Ed). Close relationships and socioemotional development (1995), Ablex Publishing Cooperation, New Jersey
19. Collins W.A., and Luebker C. Parent and adolescent expectancies: Individual and relational significance. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development 66 (1994) 65-80
20. Collins W.A., and Laursen B. Parent-adolescent relationship and influences. In: Lerner R.M., and Steinberg L. (Eds). Handbook of adolescent psychology. 2nd ed. (2004), John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey
21. Collins W.A., Gleason T., and Sesma Jr.A. Internalization, autonomy, and relationships: Development during adolescence. In: Grusec J.E., and Kuczynski L. (Eds). Parenting and children's internalization of values: A handbook of contemporary theory (1997), Wiley, New York
22. Cook J., Tyson R., White J., Rushe R., Gottman J., and Murray J. Mathematics of marital conflict: Qualitative dynamic mathematical modeling of marital interaction. Journal of Family Psychology 9 (1995) 110-130
23. Deci E.L., and Ryan R.M. The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry 11 (2000) 227-268
24. Eckstein S.G. Growth of cognitive abilities: Dynamic models and scaling. Developmental Review 20 (2000) 1-28
25. Erikson E.H. Identity: Youth and crisis (1968), Norton, New York
26. Erikson E.H. Childhood and society (1977), Granada, London
27. Felmlee D.H., and Greenberg D.H. A dynamic systems model of dyadic interaction. Journal of Mathematical Sociology 23 (1999) 155-180
28. Fischer K.W. A theory of cognitive development: The control and construction of hierarchies of skills. Psychological Review 87 (1980) 477-531
29. Fischer K., Shaver P.R., and Carnochan P. How emotions develop and how they organize development. Cognition and Emotion 4 (1990) 81-127
30. Freeman D. A meeting with Enrico Fermi. Nature 427 (2004) 297
31. Frijda N.H. The emotions (1986), Cambride University Press, Cambridge
32. Frijda N.H. The self and emotions. In: Bosma H.A., and Kunnen E.S. (Eds). Identity and emotion. Development through self-organization (2001), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
33. Frijda N.H., Kuipers P., and Terschure E.L. Relations between emotion, appraisal, and emotional action readiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57 (1989) 212-228
34. Gottman J.M., Murray J.D., Swanson C.C., Tyson R., and Swanson K.R. The mathematics of marriage. Dynamic nonlinear models (2002), The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts
35. Gottman J.M., Swanson C.C., and Murray J.D. The mathematics of marital conflict: Dynamic mathematical nonlinear modeling of newlywed marital interaction. Journal of Family Psychology 13 (1999) 3-19
36. Gottman J.M., Swanson C.C., and Swanson K.R. A general systems theory of marriage: Nonlinear difference equation modeling of marital interaction. Personality and Social Psychology Review 6 (2002) 326-340
37. Graafsma T.L.G., Bosma H.A., Grotevant H.D., and De Leviata D.J. Identity and development: An interdisciplinary view. In: Bosma H.A., Graafsma T.L.G., Grotevant H.D., and De Levita D.J. (Eds). Identity and development (1994), SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks
38. Granic I. Timing is everything: Developmental psychopathology from a dynamic systems perspective. Developmental Review 25 (2005) 386-407
39. Granic I., Dishion T.J., and Hollenstein T. The family ecology of adolescence: A dynamic systems perspective on normative development. In: Adams G.R., and Berzonsky M.D. (Eds). Blackwell handbook of adolescence (2003), Blackwell Publishing, Malden
40. Grotevant H.D. Toward a process model of identity formation. Journal of Adolescent Research 2 (1987) 203-222
41. Grotevant H.D., and Cooper C.R. Patterns of interaction in family relationships and the development of identity exploration in adolescence. Child Development 56 (1985) 415-428
42. Grotevant H.D., and Cooper C.R. Individuation in family relationships a perspective on individual differences in the development of identity and role-taking skill in adolescence. Human Development 29 (1986) 82-100
43. Grotevant H.D., and Cooper C.R. Individuality and connectedness in adolescent development. Review and prospects for research on identity, relationships, and context. In: Skoe E.E.A., and Von Der Lippe A.L. (Eds). Personality development in adolescence. A cross national and life span perspective (1998), Routledge, London
44. Grotevant H.D., Bosma H.A., De Levita D.J., and Graafsma T.L.G. Introduction. In: Bosma H.A., Graafsma T.L.G., Grotevant H.D., and De Levita D.J. (Eds). Identity and development. An interdisciplinary approach (1994), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, California
45. Haken H. Synergetics-An introduction: Nonequilibrium phase transition and self-organization in physics, chemistry and biology (1977), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
46. Haken H. Synergetik-eine Einfuehrung. Nichtgleichgewichts-Phasenuebergaenge und Selbstorganisation in physik, chemie und biologie (1990), Springer, Berlin
47. Haken H. Synergetics in psychology. In: Tschacher W., Schiepek G., and Brunner E.J. (Eds). Self-organization and psychology. Empirical approaches to synergetics in psychology (1992), Springer, Berlin
48. Haken H. Synergetics and some applications to psychology. In: Tschacher W., and Dauwalder J.P. (Eds). Dynamics, synergetics, autonomous agents. Nonlinear systems approaches to cognitive psychology and cognitive science (1999), World Scientific, Singapore
49. Haken H., and Stadler M. Synergetics of cognition (1990), Springer, Berlin
50. Haken H., and Knyazeva H. Arbitrariness in nature: Synergetics and evolutionary laws of prohibition. Journal for General Philosophy of Science 31 (2000) 57-73
51. Hamaker E.L., Dolan C.V., and Molenaar C.M. Statistical modeling of the individual: Rationale and application of multivariate stationary time series analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research 40 (2005) 207-233
52. Haviland J.M., and Kahlbaugh P. Emotion and identity processes. In: Lewis M.D., and Haviland J.M. (Eds). The handbook of emotion (1993), Guilford, New York
53. Haviland J.M., Davidson R.B., Ruetsch J.L.G., and Lancelot C. The place of emotion in identity. Journal of Research on Adolescence 4 (1994) 503-518
54. Hermans H.J.M. The dialogical self: Toward a theory of personal and cultural positioning. Culture and Psychology 7 (2001) 243-281
55. Hermans H.J.M., and Hermans-Jansen E. Affective processes in a multivoiced self. In: Bosma H.A., and Kunnen E.S. (Eds). Identity and emotion. Development through self-organization (2001), University Press, Cambridge
56. Howe M.L., and Lewis M.D. The importance of dynamic systems approaches for understanding development. Developmental Review 25 (2005) 247-251
57. Jackson S., Bijstra J., Oostra L., and Bosma H.A. Adolescents' perceptions of communication with parents relative to specific aspects of. Journal of Adolescence 21 (1998) 305
58. Jones T.S. Emotional communication in conflict. In: Eadie F., and Nelson P.E. (Eds). The language of conflict and resolution (2001), Sage Publication, Thousand Oaks, California
59. Kagitçibasi C. The autonomous-relational self: A new synthesis. European Psychologist 1 (1996) 180-186
60. Kagitçibasi C. The model of family change: A rejoinder. International Journal of Psychology 34 (1999) 15-17
61. Kagitçibasi C. Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context: Implications for self and family. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology: International and Interdisciplinary 36 (2005) 403-422
62. Kantor D., and Lehr W. Inside the family (1975), Jossey-Bass, San Francisco
63. Kerpelman J.L., and Pittman J.F. The instability of possible selves: Identity processes within late adolescent's close peer relationships. Journal of Adolescence 24 (2001) 491-512
64. Kerpelman J.L., Pittman J.F., and Lamke L.K. Toward a microprocess perspective on adolescent identity development: An identity control theory approach. Journal of Adolescent Research 12 (1997) 325-346
65. Koerner A.F., and Fitzpatrick M.A. Family conflict communication. In: Oetzel J.G., and Ting-Toomey S. (Eds). The sage handbook of conflict communication. Integrating theory, research, and practice (2006), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, California
66. Kroger J. Identity development during adolescence. In: Adams G.R., and Berzonsky M.D. (Eds). Blackwell handbook of adolescence (2003), Blackwell Publisher, Malden
67. Kroger J. Identity in adolescence. The Balance between Self and Other. 3rd ed. (2004), Routledge, East Sussex
68. Kunnen E.S., and Bosma H.A. Development of meaning making: A dynamic systems approach. New Ideas in Psychology 18 (2000) 57-82
69. Kunnen E.S., Bosma H.A., Van Halen C.P.M., and Van der Meulen M. A self-organizational approach to identity and emotions: And overview and implications. In: Bosma H.A., and Kunnen E.S. (Eds). Identity and emotion (2001), University Press, Cambridge
70. Kunnen E.S., Bosma H.A., and Van Geert P. A dynamic systems approach to identity formation: Theoretical background and methodological possibilities. In: Nurmi J. (Ed). Navigating through adolescence: European perspectives (2001), Routledge Falmer, New York
71. Leahey T.H., and Harris R.J. Learning and cognition. 4th ed. (1996), Prentice Hall, New Jersey
72. Lemke J.L. Across the scales of time: Artifacts, activities, and meanings in ecosocial systems. Mind, Culture, and Activity 7 (2000) 273-290
73. Lerner J.S., and Keltner D. Beyond valence: Toward a model of emotion-specific influences on judgment and choice. Cognition and Emotion 14 (2000) 473-493
74. Lewis M.D. Cognition-emotion feedback and the self-organization of developmental paths. Human Development 38 (1995) 71-102
75. Lewis M.D. Personality self-organization: Cascading constraints on cognition-emotion interaction. In: Fogel A., Lyra C.D.P., and Valsiner J. (Eds). Dynamics and interdeterminism in developmental and social processes (1997), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New Jersey
76. Lewis M.D. Emotional self-organization at three time scales. In: Lewis M.D., and Granic I. (Eds). Emotion, development, and self-organization. Dynamic systems approaches to emotional development (2000), University Press, Cambridge
77. Lewis M.D. The promise of dynamic systems approaches for an integrated account of human development. Child Development 71 (2000) 36-43
78. Lewis M.D., and Ferrari M. Cognitive-emotional self-organization in personality development and personal identity. In: Bosma H.A., and Kunnen E.S. (Eds). Identity and emotion (2001), University Press, Cambridge
79. Luyckx K., Goossens L., and Soenens B. A developmental contextual perspective on identity construction in emerging adulthood: Change dynamics in commitment formation and commitment evaluation. Developmental Psychology 42 (2006) 366-380
80. Magai C., and McFadden S.H. The role of emotions in social and personality development. History, theory, and research (1995), Plenum Press, New York
81. Marcia J.E. The ego identity statuis approach to ego identity. In: Marcia J.E., Waterman A.S., Matteson D.R., Archer S.L., and Orlofsky J.L. (Eds). Ego identity (1993), Springer-Verlag, New York
82. Marcia J.E., Waterman A.S., Matteson D.R., Archer S.L., and Orlofsky J.L. Ego identity (1993), Springer-Verlag, New York
83. McElhaney K.B., and Allen J.P. Autonomy and adolescent social functioning: The moderating effect of risk. Child Development 72 (2001) 220-235
84. Mead G.H. Mind, self, and society (1934), University of Chicago Press, Chicago
85. Meeus W., Iedema J., and Maassen G. Commitment and exploration as mechanisms of identity formation. Psychological Reports 90 (2002) 771-785
86. Meeus W., Iedema J., Maassen G., and Engels R. Separation-individuation revisited: On the interplay of parent-adolescent relations, identity and emotional adjustment in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence 28 (2005) 89-106
87. Meeus W.H.J. Studies on identity development in adolescence: An overview of research and some new data. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 25 (1996) 569-598
88. Molenaar C.M. A manifesto on psychology as idiographic science: Bringing the person back into scientific psychology, this time forever. Measurement 2 (2004) 201-218
89. Molenaar, C.M., Rovine, M.J., Ram, N., & Corneal, S.E. (2007). Analysis of developmental processes based on intra-individual variation by means of non-stationary time series modeling. Submitted for publication.
90. Nesselroade J.R., and Schmidt McCollam K.M. Putting the process in developmental processes. International Journal of Behavioral Development 24 (2000) 295-300
91. Noom M.J., Dekovic M., and Meeus W.H.J. Autonomy, attachment and psychosocial adjustment during adolescence: A double-edged sword?. Journal of Adolescence 22 (1999) 771-783
92. Norton A. Dynamics: An introduction. In: van Gelder T., and Port R.F. (Eds). Mind as motion. Explorations in the dynamics of cognition (1995), The MIT Press, Cambridge, M assachusetts
93. Nowak A., Vallacher R.R., and Zochowski M. The emergence of personality: Dynamic foundations of individual variation. Developmental Review 25 (2005) 351-385
94. Pardeck J.A., and Pardeck J.T. Family factors related to adolescent autonomy. Adolescence 25 (1990) 311-320
95. Penington B.A. The communicative management of connection and autonomy in African American and European American mother-daughter relationships. The Journal of Family Communication 4 (2004) 3-34
96. Pinquart M., and Silbereisen R.K. Changes in adolescents' and mothers' autonomy and connectedness in conflict discussion: An observation study. Journal of Adolescence 25 (2002) 509-522
97. Roseman I.J., and Evdokas A. Appraisals cause experienced emotions: Experimental evidence. Cognition and Emotion 18 (2004) 1-28
98. Roseman I.J., Wiest C., and Swartz T.S. Phenomenology, behaviors, and goals differentiate discrete emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67 (1994) 206-221
99. Ryan R., and Deci E. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist 55 (2000) 68-79
100. Ryan R., and Deci E. Self-regulation and the problem of human autonomy: Does psychology need choice, self-determination, and will?. Journal of personality (2006) 74
101. Schiepek G. A dynamic systems approach to clinical case formulation. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 19 (2003) 175-184
102. Schwartz S. The evolution of eriksonian and neo-eriksonian identity theory and research: A Review and integration. Identity 1 (2001) 7-58
103. Shapiro E.S., and Kratochwill T.R. Behavioral assessment in schools: Theory, research, and clinical foundations (2000), Guilford, New York
104. Silk J.S., Morris A.S., Kanaya T., and Steinberg L. Psychological control and autonomy granting: Opposite ends of a continuum or distinct constructs?. Journal of Research on Adolescence 13 (2003) 113-128
105. Slugoski B.R., Marcia J.E., and Koopman R.F. Cognitive and social interactional characteristics of ego identity statuses in college males. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 47 (1984) 646-661
106. Smetana J.G. Adolescents' and parents' reasoning about actual family conflict. Child Development 60 (1989) 1052-1067
107. Smetana J.G. Conflict and coordination in adolescent-parent relationships. In: Shulman S. (Ed). Close relationships and socioemotional development (1995), Ablex Publishing, New Jersey
108. Smetana J.G., and Asquith P. Adolescents' and parents' conceptions of parental authority and personal autonomy. Child Development 65 (1994) 1147-1162
109. Smetana J.G., Crean H.F., and Campione-Barr N. Adolescents' and parents' changing conceptions of parental authority. New directions for child and adolescent development 108 (2005) 31-46
110. Smith L.B. Emerging ideas about categories. In: Gershkoff-Stowe D.H., and Rakison D.H. (Eds). Building object categories in developmental time (2005), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, Mahwah, NJ
111. Steenbeek, H.W. (2006). Modeling dyadic child-peer interactions: Sociometric status, emotional expressions and instrumental actions during play. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
112. Steenbeek H.W., and Van Geert P. A dynamic systems model of dyadic interaction during play of two children. European Journal of Developmental Psychology 2 (2005) 105-145
113. Steenbeek H.W., and Van Geert P. A dynamic systems approach to dyadic interaction in children: Emotional expression, action, dyadic play, and sociometric status. Developmental Review 27 (2007) 1-40
114. Steinberg L. Autonomy, conflict, and harmony in the family relationships. In: Feldman S.S., and Elliot G.R. (Eds). At the threshold: The developing adolescent (1990), Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA
115. Strayer J. The dynamics of emotions and life cycle identity. Identity 2 (2002) 47-79
116. Thelen E., and Smith L.B. A dynamic systems approach to the development of cognition and action (1994), The MIT Press, Cambridge
117. Tschacher W., and Grawe K. Selbstorganisation in Therapieprozessen. Die Hypothese und empirische Pruefung der "Reduktion von Freiheitsgraden" bei der Entstehung von Therapiesystemen. Zeitschrift fuer Klinische Psychologie 25 (1996) 55-60
118. Valsiner J. The development of the concept of development: Historical and epistemological perspectives. Handbook of child psychology. 5th ed. In: Damon W., and Lerner R.M. (Eds). Theoretical models of human development Vol. 1 (1998), Wiley, New York
119. Van Geert P. A dynamic systems model of cognitive and language growth. Psychological Review 98 (1991) 3-53
120. Van Geert P. Vygotskian dynamics of development. Human Development 37 (1994) 346-365
121. Van Geert P. A dynamic systems model of basic developmental mechanisms: Piaget, Vygotsky, and beyond. Psychological Review 105 (1998) 634-677
122. Van Geert P.L.C. The dynamics of general developmental mechanisms: From Piaget and Vygotsky to dynamic systems models. Current Directions in Psychological Science 9 2 (2000) 64-68
123. Van Geert P. Developmental dynamics, intentional action and fuzzy sets. In: Granott N., and Parziale J. (Eds). Microdevelopmental clues: Transition processes in development and learning (2002), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
124. Van Geert P. Dynamic systems approaches and modeling of developmental processes. In: Valsiner J., and Connolly K.J. (Eds). Handbook of developmental psychology (2003), Sage, London
125. Van Geert P. Time, models and narratives: Towards understanding the dynamics of life. Culture and Psychology 12 (2006) 487-507
126. Van Geert P., and Van Dijk M. Focus on variability: New tools to study intra-individual variability in developmental data. Infant Behavior & Development 151 (2002) 1-35
127. Van Geert P., and Steenbeek H.W. Explaining after by before: Basic aspects of a dynamic systems approach to the study of development. Developmental Review 25 (2005) 408-442
128. Van Geert P., and Lichtwarck-Aschoff A. A dynamic systems approach to family assessment. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 21 (2005) 240-248
129. Van Geert P., and Fischer K. Dynamic systems and the quest for individual-based models of change and development. In: Spencer J. (Ed). Connectionist and dynamic systems models of development (2007), Oxford University Press, Oxford
130. Van Gelder T. The dynamical hypothesis in cognitive science. Behavioral & Brain Sciences 21 (1998) 615
131. Van Gelder T., and Port R.F. It's about time: An overview of the dynamical approach to cognition. In: Port R.F., and van Gelder T. (Eds). Mind as motion. Explorations in the dynamics of cognition (1995), The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts
132. Van Hoof A. The identity status field re-reviewed: An update of unresolved and neglected issues with a view on some alternative approaches. Developmental Review 19 (1999) 497-556
133. Verhofstadt-Deneve L.M.F. The psychodramatical social atom method: Dialogical self in dialectic action. Journal of Constructivist Psychology 16 (2003) 183-212
134. Vleioras G., Van Geert P., and Bosma H. Modeling the role of emotions in viewing oneself maturely. New Ideas in Psychology (2007) 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2007.07.001
135. Vuchinich S., Angelelli J., and Gatherum A. Context and development in family problem solving with preadolescent children. Child Development 67 (1996) 1276-1288
136. Waterman A.S. Developmental perspectives on identity formation: From adolescence to adulthood. In: Marcia J.E., Waterman A.S., Matteson D.R., Archer S.L., and Orlofsky J.L. (Eds). Ego identity (1993), Springer-Verlag, New York
137. Weisstein E.W. CRC concise encyclopedia of mathematics (1999), Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, FL
138. Zimmer-Gembeck M.J., and Collins W.A. Autonomy development during adolescence. In: Adams G.R., and Berzonsky M.D. (Eds). Blackwell handbook of adolescence (2003), Blackwell Publishing, Malden