The prevalence of autism in Australia. Can it be established from existing data?

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health

Volumn 44, Issue 9, 2008, Pages 504-510

  Williams, Katrina ^a,b,f   MacDermott, Sarah ^c,d   Ridley, Greta ^e   Glasson, Emma J ^c,d   Wray, John A ^c  

^a SYDNEY CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^e CHILDREN S HOSPITAL AT WESTMEAD   (Australia)

^f Sydney Children's Community Health Centre Child Health   (Australia)

Author keywords

Asperger disorder; Autism; Autism spectrum disorders; Data collection; Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified; Prevalence

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; AUTISM; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA COLLECTION METHOD; EDUCATION; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; POPULATION BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELIABILITY;

ADOLESCENT; ASPERGER SYNDROME; AUTISTIC DISORDER; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; PREVALENCE; QUESTIONNAIRES; WESTERN AUSTRALIA;

EID: 50049115205     PISSN: 10344810     EISSN: 14401754     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2008.01331.x     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Fombonne E. Epidemiological surveys of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders: an update. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 2003 33 : 365 82.
2. Williams JG, Brayne EG, Higgins JPT. Systematic review of prevalences studies of ASD. Arch. Dis. Child 2006 91 : 8 15. Epub 2005 April 29.
3. Croen LA, Grether JK, Hoogstrate J et al. The changing prevalence of autism in California. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 2002 32 : 207 15.
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - CDC. Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program (MADDSP). Atlanta : Department of Health and Human Services (USA). 2004. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/ ncbddd/dd/maddsp.htm [accessed 4 May 2006].
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - CDC. Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network. Atlanta : Department of Health and Human Services (USA). 2006. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/ ncbddd/dd/documents/ADDMFactSheet.pdf [accessed 16 August 2006].
6. Rice C, Schendel D, Cunnif C, Doernberg N. Public health monitoring of developmental Disabilities with a focus on the ASD. Am. J. Med. Genet. C (Semin. Med. Genet.) 2004 125C : 22 7.
7. Filipek PA, Accardo PJ, Baranek GT et al. The screening and diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 1999 29 : 439 84.
8. Le Couteur A. National Autism Plan for Children (NAPC). London, UK : National Autistic Society, 2003.
9. Honda H, Shimizu Y, Imai M, Nitto Y. 2005 Cumulative incidence of childhood autism: a total population study of better accuracy and precision. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 2003 47 : 10 8.
10. Chakrabarti S, Fombonne E. Pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children. JAMA 2001 285 : 3093 9.
11. Chakrabarti S, Fombonne E. Pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children: confirmation of high prevalence. Am. J. Psychiatry 2005 162 : 1133 41.
12. New York State Department of Health, Early Intervention Program. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Report of the Recommendations. Autism/Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Assessment and Intervention for Young Children (Age 0-3 Years). Albany : New York State Department of Health, 1999.
13. Shields J. The NAS early bird programme. Autism 2001 5 : 49 56.
14. Honda H, Shimizu Y. Early intervention system for preschool children with autism in the community. Autism 2002 6 : 239 57.
15. Prior M. Is there an increase in the prevalence of ASD? J. Paediatr. Child Health 2003 39 : 81 2.
16. Wing L, Potter D. The epidemiology of autistic spectrum disorders: is the prevalence rising? Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. 2002 8 : 151 61.
17. Williams K, Mellis C, Peat JK. Incidence and prevalence of ASD. (Review). Adv. Speech Lang. Pathol. 2005 7 : 35 45
18. Fombonne E. The epidemiology of autism: a review. Psychol. Med. 1999 29 : 769 86.
19. Birnbrauer J, Bradly G, Brigg J et al. Enquiry Into the future provIsion of services for persons with autism in Western Australia. Perth, WA Report commissioned by Keith Wilson, WA Minister for Health 1988.
20. Glasson EJ. The Western Australian register for ASD. J. Paediatr. Child Health 2002 38 : 321.
21. Glasson EJ, MacDermott S, Dixon G et al. Management of assessments and diagnosis for children with autism spectrum disorders: The Western Australian model. Med J Aust 2008 188 : 288 91.
22. Williams K, Glasson EJ, Wray J et al. Incidence of ASD in children in two Australian StateStates. MJA. 2005 182 : 108 11.
23. Icasiano F, Hewson P, Cooper C, Marshall A. Childhood ASD in the barwon region: a community based study. J. Paediatr. Child Health 2004 40 : 696 701.
24. Baker HC. A comparison study of ASD referrals 1997 and 1989. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 2002 32 : 121 5.
25. Victorian Government, Department of Human Services. Autism in Victoria: An Investigation of Prevalence and Service Delivery for Children Aged 0-6 years. Melbourne, Vic. : Victorian Government Department of Human Services, 2003. May be downloaded at http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au
26. Skellern C, McDowell M, Schluter P. Diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders in Queensland: variations in practice. J. Paediatr. Child Health 2005 41 : 413 18.
27. Skellern C, Schluter P, McDowell M. From complexity to category: responding to diagnostic uncertainties of autistic spectrum disorders. J. Paediatr. Child Health 2005 41 : 407 12.
28. WAADF. The Diagnostic Process for Children, Adolescents and Adults Referred for Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorders - Assessment Providers' Version: Guidelines and Standards for Service Provision in Western Australia as Defined and Recommended by the Western Australian Autism Diagnosticians' Forum, Inc (WAADF). Perth, WA : WAADF, 2005. Available from: http://www.waadf.org.au/ publications.html [accessed 29 April 2008].
29. Agresti A, Coull BA. Approximate is better than "exact" for interval estimation of binomial proportions. Am. Stat. 1998 52 : 119 26.
30. Queensland Paediatric Quality Council (2003). Paediatric morbidity and mortality in Queensland: Report of the Queensland Paediatric Quality Council. Queensland Health : Brisbane.
31. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Population by Age and Sex, Australian States and Territories. Cat. No. 3201.0. Canberra : Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2005.
32. Bertrand J, Mars A, Boyle C, Bove F, Yeargin-Allsopp M, Decoufle P. Prevalence of autism in a United States population: the Brick Township, New Jersey, investigation. Pediatrics 2001 108 : 1155 61.
33. Powell JE, Edwards A, Edwards M, Pandit BS, Sungum-Paliwal SR, Whitehouse W. Changes in the incidence of childhood autism and other autistic spectrum disorders in preschool children from two areas of the West Midlands, UK. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 2000 42 : 624 8.
34. Baird G, Charman T, Baron-Cohen S et al. A screening instrument for Autism at 18 Months of age: a 6 year follow-up study. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 2000 39 : 694 702.
35. Fombonne E, Zakarian R, Bennett A, Meng L, McLean-Heywood D. Pervasive developmental disorders in Montreal, Quebec, Canada: prevalence and links with immunizations. Pediatrics 2006 118 : e139 50.
36. Gillberg C, Cederlund M, Lamberg K, Zeijlon L. Brief report: "the autism epidemic." The registered prevalence of autism in a Swedish urban area. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 2006 36 : 429 35.
37. Fombonne E. The prevalence of autism. JAMA 2003 289 : 87 9.
38. Fombonne E. Epidemiological trends in rates of autism. Mol. Psychiatry 2002 7 : S4 6.
39. Bohman M, Bohman IL, Bjorck PO, Sjoholm E. Childhood psychosis in a northern Swedish country: some preliminary findings from an epidemiological survey. In : Schmidt MH, Remschmidt H, eds. Epidemiological Approaches in Child Psychiatry. Stuttgart : Georg Thieme Verlag, 1983 164 73.
40. Hoshino Y, Kumashiro H, Yashima Y, Tachibana R, Watanabe M. The epidemiological study of autism in Fukushima-ken. Folia Psychiatr. Neurol. Jpn. 1982 36 : 115 24.
41. Howlin P. The Importance and Implications of Early Diagnosis. Melbourne, Australia : Keynote Paper, Inaugural Autism Congress, 2002.
42. Gonzalez NM, Alpert M, Shay J, Campbell M, Small AM. Autistic children on follow-up: change of diagnosis. Psychopharmacol. Bull. 1993 29 : 353 8.
43. von Knorring AL, Hagglof B. Autism in northern Sweden: a population based follow-up study. Psychopathology European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 1993 2 : 91 7.
44. Isgar T, Mouridsen SE, Rich B. Mortality and causes of death in pervasive developmental disorders. Autism 1999 3 : 7 16.
45. Shavelle RM, Strauss DJ, Pickett J. Causes of death in autism. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 2001 31 : 569 76.
46. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). Quality of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Identification in Community Services Data Collections: Update on Eight Community Services Data Collections. AIHW cat. no. HWI 95. Canberra : AIHW, 2007. Available from: http://www.aihw.gov.au/ publications/index.cfm/title/10425 [accessed 29 April 2008].
47. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Australian Historical Population Statistics. Cat. No. 3105.0.65.001. Canberra : Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2001.
48. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Census 2001: Population Distribution, Indigenous Australians 2001. Cat. No. 4705.0. Canberra : Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2002.