Behavioral avoidance mediates the relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms among social anxiety disorder patients

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Volumn 22, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 1205-1213

  Moitra, Ethan ^a   Herbert, James D ^a   Forman, Evan M ^a  

^a DREXEL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Behavioral avoidance; Depression; Social anxiety disorder

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR CHANGE; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; SELF REPORT; SOCIAL PHOBIA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANXIETY DISORDERS; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; ESCAPE REACTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHOBIC DISORDERS; QUESTIONNAIRES; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR;

EID: 49849086983     PISSN: 08876185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.002     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Antonucci T.C., and Jackson J.S. Social support, interpersonal efficacy, and health: A life course perspective. In: Carstensen L.L., and Edelstein B.A. (Eds). Handbook of clinical gerontology (1987), Pergamon Press, Elmsford, NY 291-311
2. Baker S.L., Heinrichs N., Kim H., and Hofmann S.G. The Liebowitz social anxiety scale as a self-report instrument: A preliminary psychometric analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy 40 (2002) 701-715
3. Baron R.M., and Kenny D.A. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51 (1986) 1173-1182
4. Beck A.T., Steer R.A., Ball R., and Ranieri W.F. Comparison of Beck depression inventories-IA and -II in psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Personality Assessment 67 (1996) 588-597
5. Beck A.T., Steer R.A., and Garbin M.G. Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review 8 (1988) 77-100
6. Beck A.T., and Rush A.J. Cognitive approaches to depression and suicide. In: Serban G. (Ed). Cognitive defects in the development of mental illness (1978), Brunner/Mazel, Oxford, England
7. Beidel D.C., and Turner S.M. Shy children, phobic adults: Nature and treatment of social anxiety disorders (2007), American Psychological Association, Washington, DC
8. Belzer K., and Schneier F.R. Comorbidity of anxiety and depressive disorders: Issues in conceptualization, assessment, and treatment. Journal of Psychiatric Practice 10 (2004) 296-306
9. Booth B.M., Russell D.W., Yates W.R., Laughlin P.R., Brown K., and Reed D. Social support and depression in men during alcoholism treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse 4 (1992) 7-67
10. Dalrymple K.L., and Herbert J.D. Acceptance and commitment therapy for generalized social anxiety disorder: A pilot study. Behavior Modification 31 (2007) 543-568
11. Dalrymple K.L., and Zimmerman M. Does comorbid social anxiety disorder impact the clinical presentation of principal major depressive disorder?. Journal of Affective Disorders 100 (2007) 241-247
12. Davila J., and Beck J.G. Is social anxiety associated with impairment in close relationships? A preliminary investigation. Behavior Therapy 33 (2002) 427-446
13. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th Ed. (2000), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC [Text Revision]
14. Essau C.A., Condradt J., and Petermann F. Frequency of comorbidity of social phobia and social fears in adolescents. Behavioral Research Therapy 37 (1999) 831-843
15. Fava M., Rosenbaum J.F., Hoog S.L., Tepner R.G., Kopp J.B., and Nilsson M.E. Fluoxetine versus sertraline and paroxetine in major depression: Tolerability and efficacy in anxious depression. Journal of Affective Disorders 59 (2000) 119-126
16. First M.B., Spitzer R.L., Gibbon M., and Williams J.B.W. Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders, clinician Version (SCID-IV-CV) (1996), American Psychiatric Press, Inc., Washington, DC
17. Frazier P.A., Tix A.P., and Barron K.E. Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology 51 (2004) 115-134
18. Fresco D.M., Coles M.E., Heimberg R.G., Leibowitz M.R., Hami S., Stein M.B., and Goetz D. The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale: A comparison of the psychometric properties of self-report and clinician-administered formats. Psychological Medicine 31 (2001) 1025-1035
19. Furmark T. Social phobia: Overview of community surveys. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 105 (2002) 84-93
20. Gibb B.E., Coles M.E., and Heimberg R.G. Differentiating symptoms of social anxiety and depression in adults with social anxiety disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychology 36 (2005) 99-109
21. Hayes S.C., Strosahl K.D., and Wilson K.G. Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change (1999), Guilford, New York
22. Herbert J.D., Bellack A.S., and Hope D.A. Concurrent validity of the social phobia and anxiety inventory. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 13 (1991) 357-368
23. Herbert J.D., and Cardaciotto L. An acceptance and mindfulness-based perspective on social anxiety disorder. In: Orsillo S.M., and Roemer L. (Eds). Acceptance and mindfulness-based approaches to anxiety: Conceptualization and treatment (2005), Springer Science, New York 189-212
24. Hofmann S.G. Cognitive mediation of treatment change in social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 72 (2004) 392-399
25. Huppert J.D., Franklin M.E., Foa E.B., and Davidson J.R.T. Study refusal and exclusion from a randomized treatment study of generalized social phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 17 (2003) 683-693
26. Joiner T.E. Shyness and low social support as interactive diatheses, with loneliness as mediator: Testing an interpersonal-personality view of vulnerability to depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 106. (1997) 386-394
27. Katz R., Katz J., and Shaw B.F. Beck depression inventory and hopelessness scale. In: Maruish M.E. (Ed). The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcomes assessment. 2nd Ed. (1999), Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ 921-933
28. Kessler R.C., McGonagle K.A., Zhao S., Nelson C.B., Hughes M., Eshleman S., Wittchen H., and Kendler K.S. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Study. Archives of General Psychiatry 51 (1994) 8-19
29. Kessler R.C., Stang P., and Wittchen H. Lifetime comorbidities between social phobia and mood disorders in the US National Comorbidity Survey. Psychological Medicine 29 (1999) 555-567
30. Kraemer H.C., Wilson G.T., Fairburn C.G., and Agras W.S. Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials. Archives of General Psychiatry 59 (2002) 877-884
31. Liebowitz M.R. Social phobia. Modern Problems in Pharmacopsychiatry 22 (1987) 141-173
32. Littleton, H., Horsley, S., John, S., & Nelson, D.V. (2007). Coping with trauma and distress: A meta analysis. Paper presented at the 28th annual meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine. Washington, DC.
33. Moscovitch D.A., Hofmann S.G., Suvak M.K., and In-Albon T. Mediation of changes in anxiety and depression during treatment of social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical psychology 73 (2005) 945-952
34. Nelson E.C., Grant J.D., Bucholz K.K., Glowinski A., Madden P.A.F., Reich W., and Heath C. Social phobia in a population-based female adolescent twin sample: Co-morbidity and associated suicide-related symptoms. Psychological Medicine 30 (2000) 797-804
35. Osman A., Barrios F.X., Haupt D., King K., Osman J.R., and Slavens S. The social phobia and anxiety inventory: Further validation in two nonclinical samples. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 18 (1996) 35-47
36. Overholser J.C. Emotional reliance and social loss: Effects on depressive symptomatology. Journal of Personality Assessment 55 (1990) 618-629
37. Patel A., Knapp M., Henderson J., and Baldwin D. The economic consequences of social phobia. Journal of Affective Disorders 68 (2002) 221-233
38. Pohl R.B., Wolkow R.M., and Clary C.M. Sertraline in the treatment of panic disorder: A double-blind multicenter trial. American Journal of Psychiatry 155 (1998) 1189-1195
39. Rodebaugh T.L., Holaway R.M., and Heimberg R.G. The treatment of social anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Review 24 (2004) 883-908
40. Russell D.W., and Cutrona C.E. Social support, stress, and depressive symptoms among the elderly: Test of a process model. Psychology & Aging 6 (1991) 190-201
41. Schneier F.R., Johnson J., Hornig C.D., Liebowitz M.R., and Weissman M.M. Social phobia: Comorbidity and morbidity in an epidemiologic sample. Archives of General Psychiatry 49 (1992) 282-288
42. Shrout P.E., and Bolger N. Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods 7 (2002) 422-445
43. Sobel M.E. Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. In: Leinhart S. (Ed). Sociological methodology (1982), Jossey-Bass, San Francisco 290-312
44. Stein M.B., Fuetsch M., Muller N., Hofler M., Lieb R., and Wittchen H. Social anxiety disorder and the risk of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 58 (2001) 251-256
45. Steketee G., and Chambless D.L. Methodological issues in prediction of treatment outcome. Clinical Psychology Review 12 (1992) 387-400
46. Turner S.M., Beidel D.C., Dancu C.V., and Stanley M.A. An empirically derived inventory to measure social fears and anxiety: The social phobia and anxiety inventory. Psychological Assessment 1 (1989) 35-40