Optimised quantification of the antiyeast activity of different barley malts towards a lager brewing yeast strain

Food Microbiology

Volumn 25, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 895-901

  van Nierop, Sandra N E ^a,b   Axcell, Barry C ^a,b   Cantrell, Ian C ^a   Rautenbach, Marina ^b  

^a Group Brewing Research   (South Africa)

^b STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Antimicrobial compounds; Antiyeast assay; Barley malt; Lager brewing yeast

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BARLEY; BEER; FERMENTATION; FOOD CONTAMINATION; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; HUMAN; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; STANDARD; YEAST;

BEER; FERMENTATION; FOOD CONTAMINATION; HORDEUM; HUMANS; INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY; YEASTS;

HORDEUM;

EID: 49449103485     PISSN: 07400020     EISSN: 10959998     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2008.06.004     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Amsterdam D. Susceptibility testing of antimicrobials in liquid media. In: Lorain V. (Ed). Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine (1996), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 1
2. Axcell B.C., Morrall P., Tulej R., and Murray J.P. Malt specifications: a safe guard or restriction on quality. Tech. Q. Master Brew. Assoc. Am. 21 (1984) 101-106
3. Barnett J.A. A history of research on yeast 8: taxonomy. Yeast 21 (2004) 1141-1193
4. Barry A.L., Amsterdam D., Coyle M.B., Gerlach E.H., Thornsberry C., and Hawkinson R.W. Simple inoculum standardizing system for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. J. Clin. Microbiol. 10 (1979) 910-918
5. 1. J. Inst. Brew. 105 (1999) 366-374
6. Bol J., Klopper W.J., Vermeire H.A., Motshagen M.E., et al. Relation between the microflora of barley and malt quality. Proc. Eur. Brew. Conv. (Helsinki) 20 (1985) 643-650
7. Broekaert W.F., Terras F.R.G., Cammue B.P.A., and Vanderleyden J. An automated quantitative assay for fungal growth inhibition. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 69 (1990) 55-60
8. Broekaert W.F., Mariën W., Terras F.R.G., De Bolle M.F.C., Proost P., Van Damme J., Dillen L., Claeys M., Rees S.B., Vanderleyden J., and Cammue B.P.A. Antimicrobial peptides from Amaranthus caudatus seeds with sequence homology to the cysteine/glycine-rich domain of chitin-binding proteins. Biochemistry 31 (1992) 4308-4314
9. Broekaert W.F., Cammue B.P.A., and Osborn R.W. Plant defensins: novel antimicrobial peptides as components of the host defence system. Plant Physiol. 108 (1995) 1353-1358
10. Broekaert W.F., Cammue B.P.A., De Bolle M.F.C., Thevissen K., Desamblanx G.W., and Osborn R.W. Antimicrobial peptides in plants. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 16 (1997) 297323
11. 1H-NMR: a structural motif common to toxic arthropod proteins. Biochemistry 132 (1993) 715724
12. Cooper K.E., and Woodman D. The diffusion of antiseptics through agar gels, with special reference to the agar cup assay method of estimating the activity of penicillin. J. Pathol. Bacteriol. 58 (1946) 75
13. Detmar D.A., van Hemert K.H., Malherbe R., and Oostendorp J.G. Quantitative determination of antibiotics by automated six-point parallel-line agar diffusion assay. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 40 (1974) 610611
14. DiCuollo C.J., Guarini J.R., and Pagano J.F. Automation of large plate agar microbiological diffusion assays. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 130 (1965) 672679
15. Du Toit E.A., and Rautenbach M. A sensitive standardised micro-gel well diffusion assay for the determination of antimicrobial activity. J. Microbiol. Methods 42 (2000) 159-165
16. Eng C., and Valenstein P. Standardization of yeast inocula with an electronic impedance counter. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27 (1989) 23972399
17. Ericson H. Assay of antibiotics in small amounts of fluid. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 12 (1960) 423432
18. Espinel-Ingroff A. Comparison of three commercial assays and a modified disk diffusion assay with two broth microdilution reference assays for testing zygomycetes, Aspergillus spp., Candida spp., and Cryptococcus neoformans with posaconazole and amphotericin B. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44 (2006) 36163622
19. Espinel-Ingroff A., Kerkering T.M., Goldson P.R., and Shadomy S. Comparison study of broth macrodilution and microdilution antifungal susceptibility tests. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29 (1991) 10891094
20. Etchevers G.C., Banasi O.J., and Watson C.A. Microflora of barley and its effects on malt and beer properties: a review. Brew. Dig. 52 (1977) 46-50
21. Florack D.E.A., and Stiekema W.J. Thionins: properties, possible biological roles and mechanisms of action. Plant Mol. Biol. 26 (1994) 2537
22. García-Olmedo F., Molina A., Segura A., and Morena M. The defensive role of nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins in plants. Trends Microbiol. 3 (1995) 7274
23. García-Olmedo F., Molina A., Alamillo J.M., and Rodriguez-Palenzuéla P. Plant defense peptides. Biopolymers 47 (1998) 479491
24. Gause G.F., and Brazhnikova M.G. Gramicidin S. Origin and mode of action. Lancet 247 (1944) 715-716
25. Gotjanović S., Sužnjevic D., Beljanski M., Ostojić S., Gorjanović R., Vrvić M., and Hranisavljević J. Effects of lipid-transfer protein from malting barley grain on brewers yeast fermentation. J. Inst. Brew. 110 (2004) 297302
26. Guido L.F., Curto A.F., Boivin P., Benismail N., Gonçalves C.R., and Barros A.A. Correlation of malt quality parameters and beer flavor stability: multivariate analysis. J. Agri. Food Chem. 55 (2007) 728-733
27. Hadacek F., and Greger H. Testing of antifungal natural products: methodologies, comparability of results and assay choice. Phytochem. Anal. 11 (2000) 137-147
28. Haikara A. Gushing induced by fungi. Relationships Between Malt and Beer. European Brewery Convention Monograph VI (1980), Brauwelt-Verlag, Nürnberg 251-258
29. Hancock, R.E.W., 1997. Hancock Laboratory methods, 〈www.interchg.ubc.-ca/bobh/peptides.htm〉.
30. Hippeli S., and Elstner E.F. Minireview: are hydrophobins and/or non-specific lipid transfer proteins responsible for gushing of beer? New hypothesis on the chemical nature of gushing inducing factors. Z. Naturforsch. 57 (2002) 1-8
31. Jewel S.N., Waldo III R.H., Cain C.C., and Falkinham III J.O. Rapid detection of lytic antimicrobial activity against yeast and filamentous fungi. J. Microbiol. Methods 49 (2002) 1-9
32. Kader J.C. Lipid transfer proteins in plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 47 (1996) 627654
33. Katsu T., Kobayashi H., Hirota T., Fujita Y., Sato K., and Nagai U. Structure-activity relationship of gramicidin S analogues on membrane permeability. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 899 (1987) 159-170
34. Kubo I., and Himejima M. Potentiation of antifungal activity of sesquiterpene dialdehyde against Candida albicans and two other fungi. Experientia 48 (1992) 1162-1164
35. Kubo I., Tomoko F., Kubo A., and Ken-ichi F. Modes of antifungal action of alkanols against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 11 (2003) 1117-1122
36. Leah R., Tommerup H., Svendsen I., and Mundy J. Biochemical and molecular characterisation of three barley seed proteins with antifungal properties. J. Biol. Chem. 266 (1991) 1564-1573
37. Lehrer R.I., Rosenman M., Harwig S.S.S.L., Jackson R., and Eisenhauer P. Ultrasensitive assays for endogenous antimicrobial activity. J. Immunol. Methods 137 (1991) 167-173
38. Mendez E., Moreno A., Colilla F., Limas G.G., Mendez R., Soriano F., Salinas M., and De Haro C. Primary structure and inhibition of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cell-free system of a novel thionin, γ-hordothionin, from barley endosperm. Eur. J. Biochem. 194 (1990) 533539
39. Molina A., and Garcia-Olmedo F. Developmental and pathogen-induced expression of three barley genes encoding lipid transfer proteins. Plant J. 4 (1993) 983-991
40. Molina A., Goy P.A., Fraile A., Sanchez-Monge R., and García-Olmedo F. Inhibition of bacterial and fungal plant pathogens by thionins of types I and II. Plant Sci. 92 (1993) 169-177
41. Molina A., Segura A., and García-Olmedo F. Lipid transfer proteins (ns-LTPs) from barley and maize leaves are potent inhibitors of bacterial and fungal plant pathogens. FEBS Lett. 316 (1993) 119122
42. Mundy J., and Rogers J.C. Selective expression of a probable amylase/protease inhibitor in barley aleurone cells: comparison to the barley amylase/subtilisin inhibitor. Planta 169 (1986) 51-63
43. Okada T., and Yoshizumi H. A lethal toxic substance for brewery yeast in wheat and barley. Part II. Isolation and some properties of toxic principle. Agri. Biol. Chem. 34 (1970) 1089-1094
44. Okada T., Yoshizumi H., and Terashima Y. A lethal toxic substance for brewery yeast in wheat and barley. Part I. Assay of toxicity on various yeast strains. Agri. Biol. Chem. 34 (1970) 1084-1088
45. Pelegrini P.B., and Franco O.L. Plant gamma-thionins: novel insights on the mechanism of action of a multi-functional class of defense proteins. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 37 (2005) 22392253
46. Perrocheau L., Rogniaux H., Boivin P., and Marion D. Probing heat-stable water-soluble proteins from barley to malt and beer. Proteomics 5 (2005) 2849-2858
47. Ponz F., Hernandez-Lucas C., Carbonero P., and García-Olmedo F. Synthesis and processing of thionin precursors in developing endosperm of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). EMBO J. 2 (1983) 1035-1040
48. Prentice N., and Sloey W. Studies on barley microflora of possible importance to malting and brewing quality. I. The treatment of barley during malting with selected microorganism. Proc. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. (1960) 28-34
49. Raahave D. Paper disk-agar diffusion assay of penicillin in the presence of streptomycin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 6 (1974) 603605
50. Rainieri S., Kodama Y., Kaneko Y., Mikati K., Nakao Y., and Ashikari T. Pure and mixed genetic lines of Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces pastorianus and their contribution to the lager brewing strain genome. Appl. Environ. Micro. 72 (2006) 3968-3974
51. Roberts W.K., and Selitrennikoff C.P. Isolation and partial characterization of two antifungal proteins from barley. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 880 (1986) 161-170
52. Skyttä E., and Mattila-Sandholm T. A quantitative method for assessing bacteriocins and other food antimicrobials by automated turbidometry. J. Microbiol. Methods 14 (1991) 77-88
53. Spicher G. Fungi on cereals and their effect on quality with special consideration of malting barley. Monatsschr. Brauwiss. 42 (1989) 68-77
54. Steinberg D., and Lehrer R.I. Designer assays for antimicrobial peptides: disputing the 'one size fits all' theory. In: Shafer W.M. (Ed). Methods in Microbiology (1997), Human Press, Totowa 169-187
55. Terras F.R.G., Schoofs H.M.E., Thevissen K., Osborn R.W., Vanderleyden J., Cammue B.P.A., and Broekaert W.F. Synergistic enhancement of antifungal activity of wheat and barley thionins by radish and oilseed rape 2S albumins and by barley trypsin inhibitors. Plant Physiol. 103 (1993) 1311-1319
56. Thevissen K., Ghazi A., Genoveva W., De Samblanx W., Brownlee C., Osborn R.W., and Broekaert W.F. Fungal membrane responses induced by plant defensins and thionins. J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1996) 15018-15025
57. Thevissen K., Osborn R.W., Acland D.P., and Broekaert W.F. Specific, high affinity binding sites for an antifungal plant defensin on Neurospora crassa hyphae and microsomal membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 32176-32181
58. Thevissen K., Terras F.R.G., and Broekaert W.F. Permeabilisation of fungal membranes by plant defensins inhibits fungal growth. Appl. Eviron. Microbiol. 65 (1999) 5451-5458
59. Thevissen K., Cammue B.P.A., Lemaire K., Winderickx J., Dickson R., Lester R.L., Ferket K., Van Even F., Parret A.H.A., and Broekaert W.F. A gene encoding a sphingolipid biosynthesis enzyme determines the sensitivity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to an antifungal plant defensin from dahlia (Dahlia merckii). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 97 (2000) 9531-9536
60. Van Nierop S.N.E., Cameron-Clarke A., and Axcell B.C. Enzymatic generation of factors from malt responsible for premature yeast flocculation. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 62 (2004) 108-116
61. Van Nierop S.N.E., Rautenbach M., Axcell B.C., and Cantrell I.C. The impact of microorganisms on barley and malt quality-a review. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 64 (2006) 69-78
62. Wetter T.J., Hazen K.C., and Cutler J.E. Modification of rapid susceptibility assay for antifungal susceptibility. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41 (2003) 4252-4258
63. Wolf-Hall C.E. Mold and mycotoxin problems encountered during malting and brewing. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 119 (2007) 89-94
64. Wolf-Hall C.E., and Schwarz P.B. Mycotoxins and fermentationbeer production. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 504 (2002) 217-226