Reduced disability and mortality among aging runners: A 21-year longitudinal study

Archives of Internal Medicine

Volumn 168, Issue 15, 2008, Pages 1638-1646

  Chakravarty, Eliza F ^a   Hubert, Helen B ^a   Lingala, Vijaya B ^a   Fries, James F ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROL GROUP; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GERIATRIC CARE; HAZARD RATIO; HEALTH ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; RUNNING; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; UNITED STATES;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BODY MASS INDEX; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DISABILITY EVALUATION; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; QUESTIONNAIRES; RUNNING; SEX FACTORS; SMOKING; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 49449085232     PISSN: 00039926     EISSN: 15383679     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archinte.168.15.1638     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National and state medical expenditures and lost earnings attributable to arthritis and other rheumatic conditions - United States, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56(1):4-7.
2. Burke GL, Arnold AM, Bild DE, et al. Factors associated with healthy aging: the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001;49(3):254-262.
3. Larson EB, Wang L, Bowen JD, et al. Exercise is associated with reduced risk for incident dementia among persons 65 years of age and older. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144(2):73-81.
4. Newman AB, Simonsick EM, Naydeck BL, et al. Association of long-distance corridor walk performance with mortality, cardiovascular disease, mobility limitation, and disability. JAMA. 2006;295(17):2018-2026.
5. Bijnen FC, Feskens EJ, Caspersen CJ, Nagelkerke N, Mostwerd WL, Kromhout D. Baseline and previous physical activity in relation to mortality in elderly men: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150(12):1289-1296.
6. Paffenbarger RS Jr, Hyde RT, Wing AL, Lee IM, Jung DL, Kampert JB. The association of changes in physical activity level and other lifestyle characteristics with mortality among men. N Engl J Med. 1993;328(8):538-545.
7. Lee IM, Paffenbarger RS Jr. Associations of light, moderate, and vigorous intensity physical activity with longevity. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;151(3):293-299.
8. Fries JF. Aging, natural death, and the compression of morbidity. N Engl J Med. 1980;303(3):130-135.
9. Fries JF. Successful aging - an emerging paradigm of gerontology. Clin Geriatr Med. 2002;18(3):371-382.
10. Fries JF, Singh G, Morfeld D, Hubert HB, Lane NE, Brown BW Jr. Running and the development of disability with age. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121(7):502-509.
11. Wang BWE, Ramey DR, Schettler JD, Hubert HB, Fries JF. Postponed development of disability in elderly runners. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(20):2285-2294.
12. The LRC Program Epidemiology Committee. Plasma lipid distributions in selected North American populations: the Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study. Circulation. 1979;60(2):427-439.
13. Lane NE, Bloch DA, Wood PD, Fries JF. Aging, long-distance running, and the development of musculoskeletal disability. Am J Med. 1987;82(4):772-780.
14. Hubert HB, Fries JF. Predictors of physical disability after age 50: six year longitudinal study in a runners club and university population. Ann Epidemiol. 1994;4(4):285-294.
15. Ward MM, Hubert HB, Shi H, Bloch DA. Physical disability in older runners: prevalence, risk factors, and progression with age. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1995;50(2):M70-M77.
16. Bruce B, Fries JF. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2005;23(5)(suppl 39):S14-S18.
17. Davis HS, MacPherson K, Merry HR, Wentzel C, Rockwood K. Reliability and validity of questions about exercise in the Canadian study of health and aging. Int Psychogeriatr. 2001;13(suppl 1):177-182.
18. Fries JF, Spitz PW, Young DY. The dimensions of health outcomes: the health assessment questionnaire, disability and pain scales. J Rheumatol. 1982;9(5):789-793.
19. Doody MM, Hayes HM, Bilgrad R. Comparability of National Death Index Plus and standard procedures for determining causes of death in epidemiologic studies. Ann Epidemiol. 2001;11(1):46-50.
20. Cowper DC, Kubal JD, Maynard C, Hynes DM. A primer and comparative review of major US mortality databases. Ann Epidemiol. 2002;12(7):462-468.
21. Lindstrom ML, Bates DM. Nonlinear mixed effects models for repeated measures data. Biometrics. 1990;46(3):673-687.
22. Krishnan E, Tugwell P, Fries JF. Percentile benchmarks in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Health Assessment Questionnaire as a quality indicator (QI). Arthritis Res Ther. 2004;6(6):R505-R513.
23. Sokka T, Kautiainen H, Hannonen P, Pincus T. Changes in Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability scores over five years in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with the general population. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54(10):3113-3118.
24. Bruce B, Fries J. Longitudinal comparison of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Arthritis Rheum. 2004;51(5):730-737.
25. Taş U, Verhagen AP, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, et al. Incidence and risk factors of disability in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Prev Med. 2007;44(3):272-278.
26. Schnohr P, Gronbaek M, Petersen L, Hein HO, Sorensen TI. Physical activity in leisure-time and risk of cancer: a 14-year follow-up of 28,000 Danish men and women. Scand J Public Health. 2005;33(4):244-249.
27. Samad AKA, Taylor RS, Marshall T, Chapman AS. A meta-analysis of the association of physical activity with reduced risk of colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis. 2005;7(3):204-213.
28. Tardon A, Lee WJ, Delgado-Rodriguez M, et al. Leisure-time physical activity and lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control. 2005;16(4):389-397.
29. Colbert LH, Visser M, Simonsick EM, et al. Physical Activity, exercise, and inflammatory markers in older adults: findings from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004;52(7):1098-1104.
30. Beere PA, Russell SD, Morey MC, Kitzman DW, Higgenbothan MB. Aerobic exercise training can reverse age-related peripheral circulatory changes in healthy older men. Circulation. 1999;100(10):1085-1094.
31. Talbot LA, Morrell CH, Metter EJ, Fleg JL. Comparison of cardiorespiratory fitness versus leisure time physical activity as predictors of coronary events in men aged ≤65 years and >65 years. Am J Cardiol. 2002;89(10):1187-1192.
32. Ades PA, Waldmann ML, Meyer WL, et al. Skeletal muscle and cardiovascular adaptations to exercise conditions in older coronary patients. Circulation. 1996;94(3):323-330.
33. Kohut ML, Arntson BA, Lee W, et al. Moderate exercise improves antibody response to influenza immunization in older adults. Vaccine. 2004;22(17-18):2298-2306.
34. Dustman RE, Ruhling RO, Russell EM, et al. Aerobic exercise training and improved neuropsychological function of older individuals. Neurobiol Aging. 1984;5(1):35-42.
35. Fries JF, Koop CE, Sokolov J, Beadle CE, Wright D. Beyond heath promotion: reducing need and demand for medical care. Health Aff (Millwood). 1998;17(2):70-84.