Biological and physical impacts of ageostrophic frontal circulations driven by confluent flow and vertical mixing

Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans

Volumn 45, Issue 3-4, 2008, Pages 229-251

  Nagai, Takeyoshi ^a   Tandon, Amit ^b   Gruber, Nicolas ^c   McWilliams, James C ^d  

^a TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

^b University of Massachusetts Dartmouth   (United States)

^c ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Ageostrophic secondary circulations; Front; Nutrient upwelling; Primary production; Vertical mixing; Water mass subduction

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING; ALGAE CONTROL; BLOOMS (METAL); NUTRIENTS; OCEANOGRAPHY; PEST CONTROL; PHYTOPLANKTON; RIVERS;

AGEOSTROPHIC SECONDARY CIRCULATIONS; CIRCULATION MODELS; COMBINED EFFECTS; CONFLUENT FLOWS; ECOSYSTEM MODELING; ENHANCED PRODUCTION; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; FRONT; ISOPYCNAL; MODEL RESULTS; NUTRIENT UPWELLING; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; PRIMARY PRODUCTION; SECONDARY CIRCULATION; SURFACE BOUNDARY LAYERS; TIME EVOLUTIONS; VERTICAL MIXING; WATER MASS SUBDUCTION; WATER MASSES;

MIXING;

AGEOSTROPHIC FLOW; BOUNDARY LAYER; CIRCULATION MODELING; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; OCEANIC FRONT; PHYTOPLANKTON; PRIMARY PRODUCTION; SUBDUCTION; UPLIFT; UPWELLING; VERTICAL MIXING; WATER MASS;

EID: 48949084357     PISSN: 03770265     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2007.12.001     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Allen J.T., Brown L., Sanders R., Moore C.M., Mustard A., Fielding S., Lucas M., Rixen M., Savidge G., Henson S., and Mayor D. Diatom carbon export enhanced by silicate upwelling in the northeast Atlantic. Nature 437 (2005) 728-732
2. Allen J.T., and Smeed D.A. Potential vorticity and vertical velocity at the Iceland Froes front. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 26 (1996) 2611-2634
3. Allen J.T., Smeed D.A., Tintor J., and Ruiz S. Mesoscale subduction at the Almeria-Oran front. Part 1. Ageostrophic flow. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30 (2001) 263-285
4. Anderson L.A., and Robinson A.R. Physical biological modeling in the Gulf Stream region. Part II. Physical and biological processes. Deep-Sea Res. 48 (2001) 1139-1168
5. Anderson L.A., Robinson A.R., and Lozano C.J. Physical biological modeling in the Gulf Stream region. Part I. Data assimilation methodology. Deep-Sea Res. 47 (2000) 1787-1827
6. Barth J.A., Hebert D., Andrew C.D., and Ullman D. Direct observations of along-isopycnal upwelling and diapycnal velocity at a shelfbreak front. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 34 (2004) 543-565
7. Bluestein H.B. Synoptic-dynamic Meteorology in Midlatitudes. Volume II. Observations and Theory of Weather Systems (1993), Oxford University Press
8. Dewey R.K., and Moum J.N. Enhancement of fronts by vertical mixing. J. Geophys. Res. 95 C6 (1990) 9433-9445
9. Fedorov K.N. The Physical Nature and Structure of Ocean Fronts (1987), Springer-Verlag, NY
10. Fielding S., Crisp N., Allen J.T., Hartman M.C., Rade B., and Roe H.S.J. Mesoscale subduction at the Almeria-Oran front. Part 2. Biophysical interactions. J. Mar. Syst. 30 (2001) 287-304
11. Flierl G.R., and Davis C.S. Biological effects of Gulf Stream meandering. J. Mar. Res. 51 (1993) 529-560
12. Franks P.J.S., and Walstad L.J. Phytoplankton patches at fronts: a model of formation and response to wind events. J. Mar. Res. 55 (1997) 1-29
13. Garabato A.C.N., Leach H., Allen J.T., Pollard R.T., and Strass V.H. Mesoscale subduction at the Antarctic polar front driven by baroclinic instability. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31 8 (2001) 2087-2107
14. Garrett C.J.R., and Loder J.W. Dynamical aspects of shallow sea fronts. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser. A (1981) 563-581
15. Gregg M.C., and Sanford T.B. Signatures of mixing from Bermuda slope, the Sargasso Sea and the Gulf Stream. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10 (1980) 105-127
16. Hitchcock G.L., Mariano A.J., and Rossby T. Mesoscale pigment fields in the Gulf Stream: observations in a meander crest and trough. J. Geophys. Res. 98 (1993) 8425-8445
17. Hodges B.A., and Rudnick D.L. Simple models of steady deep maxima in chlorophyll and biomass. Deep-Sea Res. 51 (2004) 999-1015
18. Hoskins B.J., and Bretherton F.P. Atmospheric frontogenesis models: mathematical formulation and solution. J. Atmos. Sci. 29 (1972) 11-37
19. Houghton R.W. Lagrangian flow at the foot of a shelfbreak front using a dye tracer injected into the bottom boundary layer. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24 (1997) 2035-2038
20. Kishi M.J. Prediction of phytoplankton growth in a warm-core ring using three dimensional ecosystem model. J. Oceanogr. 50 (1994) 489-498
21. Large W.G., McWilliams J.C., and Doney S.C. Oceanic vertical mixing: a review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization. Rev. Geophys. 32 (1994) 363-403
22. Leach H. The diagnosis of synoptic-scale vertical motion in the seasonal thermocline. Deep-Sea Res. (1987) 2005-2017
23. Levy M., Klein P., and Madec G. Impacts of sub-mesoscale physics on phytoplankton production and subduction. J. Mar. Res. 59 (2001) 535-565
24. Lorenz S.E., Phinney D.A., Yentch C.S., and Olson D.B. Pigment and primary production distributions in a Gulf Stream meander. J. Geophys. Res. 98 (1993) 14545-14560
25. Mahadevan A., and Archer D. Modeling the impact of fronts and mesoscale circulation on the nutrient supply and biogeochemistry of the upper ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (2000) 1209-1225
26. 2: what does it respond to?. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 18 (2004) 1017
27. Mahadevan A., and Tandon A. An analysis of mechanisms for submesoscale vertical motion at ocean fronts. Ocean Model. 14 (2006) 241-256
28. Marra J., Houghton R.W., and Garside C. Phytoplankton growth at the shelf-break front in the Middle Atlantic Bight. J. Mar. Res. 48 (1990) 851-868
29. McGillicuddy D.J., Anderson L.A., Doney S.C., and Maltrud M.E. Eddy-driven sources and sinks of nutrients in the upper ocean: results from 0.1 ° resolution model of the North Atlantic. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 17 (2003) 1035
30. McGillicuddy D.J., and Robinson A.R. Eddy-induced nutrient supply and new production in the Sargasso Sea. Deep-Sea Res. 44 (1997) 1427-1450
31. Mitsudera H., Taguchi B., Yoshikawa Y., Nakamura H., Waseda T., and Qu T. Numerical study on the Oyashio water pathways in the Kuroshio-Oyashio confluence. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 34 (2004) 1174-1196
32. Nagai T., Tandon A., and Rudnick D.L. Two dimensional ageostrophic secondary circulation at ocean fronts due to vertical mixing and large-scale deformation. J. Geophys. Res. 111 (2006) doi:10.1029/2005JC002964
33. Nurser A.J.G., and Zhang J.W. Eddy-induced mixed layer shallowing and mixed layer/thermocline exchange. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (2000) 21851-21868
34. Oakey N.S., and Elliot J.A. Vertical temperature gradient structure across the Gulf Stream. J. Geophys. Res. 82 (1977) 1369-1380
35. Olson, D.B., 2002. Biophysical dynamics of ocean fronts. In: Robinson, A.R., McCarthy, J.J., Rothschild, B. (Eds.), Biological-Physical Interactions in the Sea. The Sea 12, 187-218.
36. Pickart R. Bottom boundary layer structure and detachment in the shelfbreak jet of the Mid Atlantic Bight. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30 (2000) 2668-2686
37. Pollard R.T., and Regier L.A. Vorticity and vertical circulation at an ocean front. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 22 (1992) 609-625
38. Prieur L., and Sournia A. Almofront-1 (April-May 1991): an interdisciplinary study of the Almeria-Oran geostrophic front, SW Mediterranean Sea. J. Mar. Syst. 5 (1994) 187-203
39. Rudnick D.L. Intensive surveys of the Azores front. Part II. Inferring the geostrophic and vertical velocity fields. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (1996) 16291-16303
40. Rudnick D.L., and Luyten J.R. Intensive surveys of the Azores front. Part I. Tracers and dynamics. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (1996) 923-939
41. Ryan J.P., Yoder J.A., Barth J.A., and Cornillon P.C. Chlorophyll enhancement and mixing associated with meanders of shelf break front in the Mid-Atlantic Bight. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (1999) 23479-23494
42. Ryan J.P., Yoder J.A., and Cornillon P.C. Enhanced chlorophyll at the shelfbreak of the Mid-Atlantic Bight and Georges Bank during the spring transition. Limnol. Oceanogr. 44 (1999) 1-11
43. Samelson R., and Chapman D.C. Evolution of the instability of a mixed-layer front. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (1995) 6743-6760
44. Samelson R.M. Linear instability of a mixed-layer front. J. Geophys. Res. 98 (1993) 10195-10204
45. Shearman R.K., Barth J.A., and Allen J.S. Diagnosis of the three-dimensional circulation in mesoscale features with large Rossby number. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30 (2000) 2687-2709
46. Smith C.L., Richards K.J., and Fashman M.J.R. The impact of mesoscale eddies on plankton dynamics in the upper ocean. Deep-Sea Res. 43 (1996) 1807-1832
47. Spall M.A. Baroclinic jets in confluent flow. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27 (1997) 1054-1071
48. Strass V.H. Chlorophyll patchiness caused by mesoscale upwelling fronts. Deep-Sea Res. 39 (1992) 75-96
49. Thomas L.N., and Lee C.M. Intensification of ocean fronts by down-front winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 35 (2005) 1086-1102
50. Thompson L. Ekman layers and two-dimensional frontogenesis in the upper ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (2000) 6437-6451
51. Uda M. Locality of fishing centre and shoals of "Katsuwo", Euthynnus Vagans (Lesson), correlated with the contact zone of cold and warm currents. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 4 (1936) 385-390
52. Wang D.-P. Model of frontogenesis: subduction and upwelling. J. Mar. Res. 51 (1993) 497-513
53. Woods J.D. Mesoscale upwelling and primary production. In: Rothschild B.J. (Ed). Toward a Theory of Biological Physical Interactions in the World Ocean (1988), Kluwer 7-38
54. Yasuda I., Okuda K., and Shimizu Y. Distribution and modification of North Pacific intermediate water in the Kuroshio-Oyashio frontal zone. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 26 (1996) 448-465
55. Yoshimori A., and Kishi M.J. Effects of interaction between two warm-core rings on phytoplankton distribution. Deep-Sea Res. 41 (1994) 1039-1052