Therapy of Dysnatremic Disorders

Therapy in Nephrology & Hypertension

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 337-352

  Thurman, Joshua M ^a   Berl, Tomas ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 48849112676     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-141605484-9.50031-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (76)

1. Anderson RJ, Chung HM, Kluge R, Schrier RW Hyponatremia: A prospective analysis of its epidemiology and the pathogenetic role of vasopressin. Ann Intern Med 1985, 102:164-168.
2. Berl T, Verbalis JG Pathophysiology of water metabolism. The Kidney 2004, 857-920. WB Saunders, Philadelphia. 7th ed. B. Brenner (Ed.).
3. Nguyen MK, Kurtz I New insights into the pathophysiology of the dysnatremias: A quantitative analysis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2004, 287:F172-F180.
4. Arieff AI Hyponatremia, convulsions, respiratory arrest, and permanent brain damage after elective surgery in healthy women. N Engl J Med 1986, 314:1529-1535.
5. Arieff AI, Ayus JC, Fraser CL Hyponatraemia and death or permanent brain damage in healthy children. Br Med J 1992, 304:1218-1222.
6. Arieff AI, Guisado R Effects on the central nervous system of hypernatremic and hyponatremic states. Kidney Int 1976, 10:104-116.
7. Ayus J, Krothapalli R, Arieff A Treatment of hyponatremia: The case for rapid correction. Controversies in Nephrology and Hypertension 1984, 393-407. Churchill Livingstone, New York. R. Narins (Ed.).
8. Verbalis JG Hyponatremia: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapy. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 1993, 2:636-652.
9. Sterns RH, Baer J, Ebersol S, et al. Organic osmolytes in acute hyponatremia. Am J Physiol 1993, 264:F833-F836.
10. Berl T Treating hyponatremia: Damned if we do and damned if we don-t. Kidney Int 1990, 37:1006-1018.
11. Oh MS, Kim HJ, Carroll HJ Recommendations for treatment of symptomatic hyponatremia. Nephron 1995, 70:143-150.
12. Ayus JC, Armstrong D, Arieff AI Hyponatremia with hypoxia: Effects on brain adaptation, perfusion, and histology in rodents. Kidney Int 2006, 69:1319-1325.
13. Kokko JP Symptomatic hyponatremia with hypoxia is a medical emergency. Kidney Int 2006, 69:1291-1293.
14. Vexler ZS, Ayus JC, Roberts TP, et al. Hypoxic and ischemic hypoxia exacerbate brain injury associated with metabolic encephalopathy in laboratory animals. J Clin Invest 1994, 93:256-264.
15. Ayus JC, Wheeler JM, Arieff AI Postoperative hyponatremic encephalopathy in menstruant women. Ann Intern Med 1992, 117:891-897.
16. Stone JD, Crofton JT, Share L Sex differences in central adrenergic control of vasopressin release. Am J Physiol 1989, 257:R1040-R1045.
17. Fraser CL, Kucharczyk J, Arieff AI, et al. Sex differences result in increased morbidity from hyponatremia in female rats. Am J Physiol 1989, 256:R880-R885.
18. Sonnenblick M, Friedlander Y, Rosin AJ Diuretic-induced severe hyponatremia. Review and analysis of 129 reported patients. Chest 1993, 103:601-606.
19. Illowsky BP, Kirch DG Polydipsia and hyponatremia in psychiatric patients. Am J Psychiatry 1988, 145:675-683.
20. Goldman MB, Luchins DJ, Robertson GL Mechanisms of altered water metabolism in psychotic patients with polydipsia and hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 1988, 318:397-403.
21. Almond CS, Shin AY, Fortescue EB, et al. Hyponatremia among runners in the Boston Marathon. N Engl J Med 2005, 352:1550-1556.
22. Bhalla P, Eaton FE, Coulter JB, et al. Lesson of the week: Hyponatraemic seizures and excessive intake of hypotonic fluids in young children. Br Med J 1999, 319:1554-1557.
23. Durward A, Tibby SM, Murdoch IA Hyponatraemia can be caused by standard fluid regimens. Br Med J 2000, 320:943.
24. Keating JP, Schears GJ, Dodge PR Oral water intoxication in infants. An American epidemic. Am J Dis Child 1991, 145:985-990.
25. Sterns RH Severe symptomatic hyponatremia: Treatment and outcome. A study of 64 cases. Ann Intern Med 1987, 107:656-664.
26. Soupart A, Penninckx R, Stenuit A, et al. Treatment of chronic hyponatremia in rats by intravenous saline: Comparison of rate versus magnitude of correction. Kidney Int 1992, 41:1662-1667.
27. Ayus JC, Krothapalli RK, Armstrong DL Rapid correction of severe hyponatremia in the rat: Histopathological changes in the brain. Am J Physiol 1985, 248:F711-F719.
28. Verbalis JG, Martinez AJ Neurological and neuropathological sequelae of correction of chronic hyponatremia. Kidney Int 1991, 39:1274-1282.
29. Sterns RH, Riggs JE, Schochet SS Osmotic demyelination syndrome following correction of hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 1986, 314:1535-1542.
30. Sterns RH, Cappuccio JD, Silver SM, Cohen EP Neurologic sequelae after treatment of severe hyponatremia: A multicenter perspective. J Am Soc Nephrol 1994, 4:1522-1530.
31. Ayus JC, Krothapalli RK, Arieff AI Changing concepts in treatment of severe symptomatic hyponatremia. Rapid correction and possible relation to central pontine myelinolysis. Am J Med 1985, 78:897-902.
32. Ayus JC, Krothapalli RK, Arieff AI Treatment of symptomatic hyponatremia and its relation to brain damage. A prospective study. N Engl J Med 1987, 317:1190-1195.
33. Ayus JC, Arieff AI Chronic hyponatremic encephalopathy in postmenopausal women: Association of therapies with morbidity and mortality. JAMA 1999, 281:2299-2304.
34. Soupart A, Penninckx R, Crenier L, et al. Prevention of brain demyelination in rats after excessive correction of chronic hyponatremia by serum sodium lowering. Kidney Int 1994, 45:193-200.
35. Soupart A, Ngassa M, Decaux G Therapeutic relowering of the serum sodium in a patient after excessive correction of hyponatremia. Clin Nephrol 1999, 51:383-386.
36. Goldszmidt MA, Iliescu EA DDAVP to prevent rapid correction in hyponatremia. Clin Nephrol 2000, 53:226-229.
37. Oya S, Tsutsumi K, Ueki K, Kirino T Reinduction of hyponatremia to treat central pontine myelinolysis. Neurology 2001, 57:1931-1932.
38. Adrogue HJ, Madias NE Hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:1581-1589.
39. Janicic N, Verbalis JG Evaluation and management of hypo-osmolality in hospitalized patients. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2003, 32:459-481.
40. Barsoum NR, Levine BS Current prescriptions for the correction of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia: Are they too simple?. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002, 17:1176-1180.
41. Liamis G, Kalogirou M, Saugos V, Elisaf M Therapeutic approach in patients with dysnatraemias. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006, 21:1564-1569.
42. Renneboog B, Musch W, Vandemergel X, et al. Mild chronic hyponatremia is associated with falls, unsteadiness, and attention deficits. Am J Med 2006, 119:71. e1-e8.
43. Furst H, Hallows KR, Post J, et al. The urine/plasma electrolyte ratio: A predictive guide to water restriction. Am J Med Sci 2000, 319:240-244.
44. Forrest JN, Cox M, Hong C, et al. Superiority of demeclocycline over lithium in the treatment of chronic syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. N Engl J Med 1978, 298:173-177.
45. Decaux G, Brimioulle S, Genette F, Mockel J Treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by urea. Am J Med 1980, 69:99-106.
46. Decaux G Long-term treatment of patients with inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by the vasopressin receptor antagonist conivaptan, urea, or furosemide. Am J Med 2001, 110:582-584.
47. Saito T, Ishikawa S, Abe K, et al. Acute aquaresis by the nonpeptide arginine vasopressin (AVP) antagonist OPC-31260 improves hyponatremia in patients with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997, 82:1054-1057.
48. Schrier RW, Gross P, Gheorghiade M, et al. Tolvaptan, a selective oral vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist, for hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 2006, 355:2099-2112.
49. Soupart A, Gross P, Legros J, et al. Successful long-term treatment of hyponatremia in syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion with satavaptan (SR121463B), an orally active nonpeptide vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006, 1:1154-1560.
50. Ellison DH, Berl T Clinical practice. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. N Engl J Med 2007, 356:2064-2072.
51. Greenberg A, Verbalis JG Vasopressin receptor antagonists. Kidney Int 2006, 69:2124-2130.
52. Sica DA Hyponatremia and heart failure-treatment considerations. Congest Heart Fail 2006, 12:55-60.
53. Udelson JE, Smith WB, Hendrix GH, et al. Acute hemodynamic effects of conivaptan, a dual V(1A) and V(2) vasopressin receptor antagonist, in patients with advanced heart failure. Circulation 2001, 104:2417-2423.
54. Abraham WT, Shamshirsaz AA, McFann K, et al. Aquaretic effect of lixivaptan, an oral, non-peptide, selective V2 receptor vasopressin antagonist, in New York Heart Association functional class II and III chronic heart failure patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006, 47:1615-1621.
55. Gheorghiade M, Niazi I, Ouyang J, et al. Vasopressin V2-receptor blockade with tolvaptan in patients with chronic heart failure: Results from a double-blind, randomized trial. Circulation 2003, 107:2690-2696.
56. Konstam MA, Gheorghiade M, Burnett JC, et al. Effects of oral tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure: The EVEREST Outcome Trial. JAMA 2007, 297:1319-1331.
57. Gerbes AL, Gulberg V, Gines P, et al. Therapy of hyponatremia in cirrhosis with a vasopressin receptor antagonist: A randomized double-blind multicenter trial. Gastroenterology 2003, 124:933-939.
58. Schrier RW Role of diminished renal function in cardiovascular mortality: Marker or pathogenetic factor?. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006, 47:1-8.
59. Licata G, Di Pasquale P, Parrinello G, et al. Effects of high-dose furosemide and small-volume hypertonic saline solution infusion in comparison with a high dose of furosemide as bolus in refractory congestive heart failure: Long-term effects. Am Heart J 2003, 145:459-466.
60. McManus ML, Churchwell KB, Strange K Regulation of cell volume in health and disease. N Engl J Med 1995, 333:1260-1266.
61. Lien YH, Shapiro JI, Chan L Effects of hypernatremia on organic brain osmoles. J Clin Invest 1990, 85:1427-1435.
62. Snyder NA, Feigal DW, Arieff AI Hypernatremia in elderly patients. A heterogeneous, morbid, and iatrogenic entity. Ann Intern Med 1987, 107:309-319.
63. Palevsky PM, Bhagrath R, Greenberg A Hypernatremia in hospitalized patients. Ann Intern Med 1996, 124:197-203.
64. Polderman KH, Schreuder WO, Strack van Schijndel RJ, Thijs LG Hypernatremia in the intensive care unit: An indicator of quality of care?. Crit Care Med 1999, 27:1105-1108.
65. Silver SM, Clark EC, Schroeder BM, Sterns RH Pathogenesis of cerebral edema after treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. Kidney Int 1997, 51:1237-1244.
66. Harris GD, Fiordalisi I, Harris WL, et al. Minimizing the risk of brain herniation during treatment of diabetic ketoacidemia: A retrospective and prospective study. J Pediatr 1990, 117:22-31.
67. Blum D, Brasseur D, Kahn A, Brachet E Safe oral rehydration of hypertonic dehydration. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1986, 5:232-235.
68. Kahn A, Brachet E, Blum D Controlled fall in natremia and risk of seizures in hypertonic dehydration. Intensive Care Med 1979, 5:27-31.
69. Wells BG Amiloride in lithium-induced polyuria. Ann Pharmacother 1994, 28:888-889.
70. Fujiwara TM, Bichet DG Molecular biology of hereditary diabetes insipidus. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005, 16:2836-2846.
71. Durr JA, Hoggard JG, Hunt JM, Schrier RW Diabetes insipidus in pregnancy associated with abnormally high circulating vasopressinase activity. N Engl J Med 1987, 316:1070-1074.
72. Berl T: Treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and the emergence of vasopressin antagonists for hyponatremic disorders. May 2007, volume 5, issue 5,. http://www.nephrologyrounds.org.
73. Kurtz I, Nguyen MK Evolving concepts in the quantitative analysis of the determinants of the plasma water sodium concentration and the pathophysiology and treatment of the dysnatremias. Kidney Int 2005, 68:1982-1993.
74. Schrier RW Water and sodium retention in edematous disorders: Role of vasopressin and aldosterone. Am J Med 2006, 119(7 Suppl 1):S47-S53.
75. Verbalis JG, Berl T Disorders of water balance. Brenner and Rector-s The Kidney 2007, vol I:859-904. WB Saunders, Philadelphia. 8th ed. B.M. Brenner (Ed.).
76. Verbalis JG The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and other hypoosmolar disorders. Diseases of the Kidney and Urinary Tract 2007, 2214-2248. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 8th ed. R.W. Schrier (Ed.).