Evaluation of pupil mobility in patients with myasthenia gravis

Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology

Volumn 48, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 209-218

  Tsiptsios, Dimitrios ^a   Fotiou, D F ^a   Haidich, A B ^a   Brozou, G C ^a   Nakou, M ^a   Giantselidis, C ^a   Karlovasitou, A ^a   Fofiou, F ^a  

^a ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI   (Greece)

Author keywords

Central cholinergic deficit; Diagnostic test; Iris sphincter smooth muscle; Myasthenia gravis; Pupillometry

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINE; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR;

ACCELERATION; ADRENERGIC SYSTEM; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; ARTICLE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; IRIS; MYASTHENIA GRAVIS; MYDRIASIS; NEUROMUSCULAR SYNAPSE; POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; PUPIL REFLEX; PUPILLOMETRY; SMOOTH MUSCLE; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; VELOCITY; VISUAL DISCRIMINATION; VISUAL STIMULATION;

ELECTRODIAGNOSIS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYASTHENIA GRAVIS; PHOTIC STIMULATION; PUPIL; REACTION TIME; REFLEX, ABNORMAL; REFLEX, PUPILLARY; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

EID: 48349141163     PISSN: 0301150X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. KUKS, J.B.M. and OOSTERHUIS, H.: Clinical Presentation and Epidemiology of Myasthenia Gravis. In: Kaminski HJ, editor. Myasthenia Gravis and Related Disorders. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press Inc, 93-113, 2002.
2. YU WAI MAN, C.Y., CHINNERY, P.F. and GRIFFITHS, P.G.: Extraocular muscles have fundamentally distinct properties that make them selectively vulnerable to certain disorders. Neuromuscul Disord, 15(1): 17-23, 2005.
3. KEESEY, J.C.: Does myasthenia gravis affect the brain? J Neurol Sci, 170(2): 77-89, 1999.
4. SOMER, H., MULLER, K. and KINNUNEN, E.: Myasthenia gravis associated with multiple sclerosis. Epidemiological survey and immunological findings. J Neurol Sci., 89(1): 37-48, 1989.
5. DONMEZ. B., OZAKBAS, S., OKTEM, M.A., GEDIZLIOGLU, M., COKER, I., GENC, A. and IDIMAN, E.: HLA genotypes in Turkish patients with myasthenia gravis: Comparison with multiple sclerosis patients on the basis of clinical subtypes and demographic features. Hum Immunol. 65(7): 752-7, 2004.
6. ISBISTER, C.M., MACKENZIE, P.J., ANDERSON, D., WADE, N.K. and OGER, J.: Co-occurrence of multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis in British Columbia. Mult Scler., 9(6): 550-3, 2003.
7. SAPHIER, D., BIRMANNS, B. and BRENNER, T.: Electroencephalographic changes in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Sci, 114(2): 200-4, 2000.
8. KWAN, S.Y., LIN, J.H. and SU, M.S.: Coexistence of epilepsy, myasthenia gravis and psoriasis vulgaris. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei), 63(2): 153-7, 2000.
9. GRIRA, M., BENAMMOU, S., LAMOUCHI, T., HARZALLAH, M.S. and BENSLAMIA, L.M: Epilepsy and myasthenia: a case report. Rev Neurol (Paris), 160(1): 93-5, 2004.
10. JECH, R. and RUZICKA, E.: Brain stem auditory evoked potentials reflect central nervous system involvement in myasthenia gravis. J Neurol. 243(7): 547-50, 1994.
11. FOTIOU, F., PAPAKOSTOPOULOS, D. and HAMLATZIS, P.: Changes in the pattern reversal visual evoked potentials in myasthenia gravis. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 34(3): 171-5, 1994.
12. FOTIOU, F., GOULAS, A., FOUNTOULAKIS, K., KOUTLAS, E., HAMLATZIS, P. and PAPAKOSTOPOULOS, D.: Changes in psychophysiological processing of vision in myasthenia gravis. Int J Psychophysiol. 29(3): 303-10, 1998.
13. PAUL, R.H., COHEN, R.A., GILCHRIST, J.M., ALOIA, M.S. and GOLDSTEIN, J.M.: Cognitive dysfunction in individuals with myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Sci. 179(S 1-2): 59-64, 2000.
14. IWASAKI, Y., KINOSHITA, M., IKEDA, K., SHIOJIMA, T. and KURIHARA, T.: Neuropsychological function before and after plasma exchange in myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Sci., 114(2): 223-6, 1993.
15. BOHBOT, V.D., JECH, R., BURES, J., NADEL, L. and RUZICKA, E.: Spatial and nonspatial memory involvement in myasthenia gravis. J Neurol., 244(8): 529-32, 1997.
16. MUSHA, M., TANAKA, F. and OHUTI, M.: Psychoses in three cases with myasthenia gravis and thymoma-proposal of a paraneoplastic autoimmune neuropsychiatric syndrome. Tohoku J Exp Med. 169(4): 335-44, 1993.
17. SHINKAI, K., OHMORI, O., UEDA, N., NAKAMURA, J., AMANO, T. and TSUJI, S.: A case of myasthenia gravis preceded by major depression. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 13(1): 116-7, 2001.
18. VATS, H.S., RICHARDSON, S.K., PULUKURTHY, S. and OLSHANSKY, B.: Pericarditis in myasthenia gravis. Cardiol Rev. 12(3): 134-7, 2004.
19. MYGLAND, A., AARLI, J.A., HOFSTAD, H. and GILHUS, N.E.: Heart muscle antibodies in myasthenia gravis. Autoimmunity. 10(4): 263-7, 1991.
20. LIU, W.B., HE, J.Z., YAO, X.L. and HUANG, R.X.: The clinical features of myasthenia gravis affecting nonskeleton muscles, Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 43(8): 588-90, 2004.
21. MATSUI, M., ENOKI, M., MATSUI, Y., OONO, S., OHTA, M., SUENAGA, A. and KURODA, Y.: Seronegative myasthenia gravis associated with atonic urinary bladder and accommodative insufficiency. J Neurol Sci. 133(1-2): 197-9, 1995.
22. COOPER, J., POLLAK, G.J., CIUFFREDA, K.J., KRUGER, P. and FELDMAN, J.: Accommodative and vergence findings in ocular myasthenia: A case analysis. J Neuroophthalmol. 20(1): 5-11, 2000.
23. LEPORE, F.E., SANBORN, G.E. and SLEVIN, J.T.: Pupillary dysfunction in myasthenia gravis. Ann Neurol. 6(1): 29-33, 1979.
24. DUTTON, G.N., GARSON, J.A. and RICHARDSON, R.B.: Pupillary fatigue in myasthenia gravis. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK. 102 (Pt 4): 510-3, 1982.
25. YAMAZAKI, A. and ISHIKAWA, S.: Abnormal pupillary responses in myasthenia gravis. A pupillographic study. Br J Ophthalmol. 60(8): 575-80, 1976.
26. Guyton and Hall. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 9th Edn. Philadelphia:W.B. Saunders Company Publications; 95-103, 1996.
27. LOEWENFELD, I.E.: The Pupil: Anatomy, Physiology, and Clinical Applications. Boston (MA): Butterworth and Heinemann; 83-273, 407-517, 1999.
28. GRANHOLM, E., MORRIS, S., GALASKO, D., SHULTS, C., ROGERS, E. and VUKOV, B.: Tropicamide effects on pupil size and pupillary light reflexes in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Int J Psychophysiol. 47(2): 95-115, 2003.
29. FOTIU, F., FOUNTOULAKIS, K.N., TSOLAKI, M., GOULAS, A. and PALIKARAS, A.: Changes in pupil reaction to light in Alzheimer's disease patients: A preliminary report. Int J Psychophysiol. 37(1): 111-20, 2000.
30. FOUNTOULAKIS, K., FOTIOU, F., IACOVIDES, A., TSIPTSIOS, J., GOULAS, A., TSOLAKI, M. and IERODIAKONOU, C.: Changes in pupil reaction to light in melancholic patients. Int J Psychophysiol. 31(2): 121-8, 1999.
31. SACKS, B. and SMITH, S.: People with Down's syndrome can be distinguished on the basis of cholinergic dysfunction. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 52(11): 1294-5, 1989.
32. BAKES, A, BRADSHAW, C.M. and SZABADI, E.: Attenuation of the pupillary light reflex in anxious patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 30(3): 377-81, 1990.
33. CROSS, S.A.: Evaluation of Pupillary and Lacrimal Function. In: Low PA, editor. Clinical Autonomic Disorders. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 259-268, 1997.
34. SILLITO, A.M. and ZBROZYNA, A.W.: The activity characteristics of the preganglionic pupilloconstrictor neurones. J Physiol. 211(3): 767-79, 1970.
35. WILHELM, B.J., WILHELM, H., MORO, S. and BARBUR, J.L.: Pupil response components: Studies in patients with Parinaud's syndrome. Brain. 125(Pt 10): 2296-307, 2002.
36. BARBUR, J.L.: Learning from the pupil. Studies of basic mechanisms and clinical applications. In: Chalupa LM and Werner JS, editors. The Visual Neurosciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press; 2004.
37. BERGAMIN, O. and KARDON, R.H.: Latency of the pupil light reflex: Sample rate, stimulus intensity, and variation in normal subjects. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 44(4): 1546-54, 2003.
38. THOMPSON, H.S.: Otto lowenstein, pioneer pupillographer. J Neuroophthalmol. 25(1): 44-9, 2005.
39. SULLIVAN, P.M.: The statistical evaluation of medical tests for classification and prediction. Oxford University Press, USA, 2004
40. WILHELM, H. and WILHELM, B.: Clinical applications of pupillography. J Neuroophthalmol. 23(1): 42-9, 2003.
41. FILIPE, J.A., FALCAO-REIS, F., CASTRO-CORREIA, J. and BARROS, H.: Assessment of autonomic function in high level athletes by pupillometry. Auton Neurosci. 104(1): 66-72, 2003.
42. DAVIES, D.R. and SMITH, S.E.: Pupil abnormality in amyloidosis with autonomic neuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 67(6): 819-22, 1999.
43. DUTSCH, M., MARTHOL, H., MICHELSON, G., NEUNDORFER, B. and HILZ, M.J.: Pupillography refines the diagnosis of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. J Neurol Sci. Jul; 222(1-2): 75-81, 2004.
44. FOTIOU, F., FOUNTOULAKIS, K.N., GOULAS, A., ALEXOPOULOS, L. and Palikaras, A.: Automated standardized pupillometry with optical method for purposes of clinical practice and research. Clin Physiol. 20(5): 336-47, 2000.
45. KAZUTSUNA, Y., YUTAKA, H. and SHIRO, U.: A Method for Monitoring Autonomic Nervous Activity by Pupillary Flash Response. Systems and Computers in Japan. 31(4): 22-31, 2000, Mar.
46. SMITH,TS.A. and SMITH, S.E.: Pupil function: test and disorders, In: Bannister R, Mathias CJ, editors. Autonomic failure. A textbook of clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press; 1999.
47. LEFVERT, A.K. and PIRSKANEN, R.: Acetylcholine-receptor antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with myasthenia gravis. Lancet. 2(8033): 351-2, 1977.
48. KEESEY, J.C., TOURTELLOTTE, W.W., HERRMANN, C. Jr., ANDREWS, J.M. and LINDSTROM, J.: Acetylcholine-receptor antibody in cerebrospinal fluid. Lancet. 1(8067): 777, 1978.
49. WHITING, P.J., COOPER, J. and LINDSTROM, J.M.: Antibodies in sera from patients with myasthenia gravis do not bind to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors from human brain. J Neuroimmunol. 16(2): 205-13, 1987.
50. SANDERS, D.B., EL-SALEM, K., MASSEY, J.M., MCCONVILLE, J. and VINCENT, A.: Clinical aspects of MuSK antibody positive seronegative MG. Neurology. 60(12): 1978-80, 2003.
51. WANG, Z.Y., DIETHELM-OKITA, B., OKITA, D.K., KAMINSKI, H.J., HOWARD, J.F. and CONTI-FINE, B.M.: T cell recognition of muscle acetylcholine receptor in ocular myasthenia gravis. J Neuroimmunol. 108(1-2): 29-39, 2000.
52. KAMINSKI, H.J., LI, Z., RICHMONDS, C. and LIN, F.: Medof ME. Complement regulators in extraocular muscle and experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. Exp Neurol. 189(2): 333-42, 2004.
53. SHIRAISHI, H., MOTOMURA, M., YOSHIMURA, T., FUKUDOME, T., FUKUDA, T., NAKAO, Y., TSUJIHATA, M., VINCENT, A. and EGUCHI, K.: Acetylcholine receptors loss and post-synaptic damage in MuSK antibody-positive myasthenia gravis. Ann Neurol. 57(2): 289-93, 2005.
54. DE BAETS, M. and STASSEN, M.H.: The role of antibodies in myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Sci. 202(1-2):5-11, 2002.
55. LIU, X., LI, Z., LIU, Y, TANG, L. and YOU, G.: Changes of the interleukin-1 in dysfunction of central nervous system in myasthenia gravis. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 38(10): 660-2, 1999.
56. SHIMADA, K., KOH, C.S. and YANAGISAWA, N.: Detection of interleukin-6 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuroimmunological diseases. Arerugi. 42(8): 934-40, 1993.
57. LI, Z., JU, G. and QIU, X.: Effect of acetylcholine receptor antibody derived from myasthenia gravis on the rat central neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 1997;36(1):15-7.
58. WATANABE, S., SHIMAZU, K., TAMURA, N., YAMAMOTO, T. and HAMAGUCHI, K.: Central acetylcholine receptor function in patients with myasthenia gravis. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 31(2): 170-4, 1991.
59. SATYAMURTI, S., DRACHMAN, D.B. and SLONE, F.: Blockade of acetylcholine receptors: A model of myasthenia gravis. Science. 187(4180): 955-7, 1975.