Should obesity be blamed for the high prevalence rates of hypertension in black South African women?

Journal of Human Hypertension

Volumn 22, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 528-536

  Schutte, A E ^a   Huisman, H W ^a   Van Rooyen, J M ^a   Schutte, R ^a   Malan, L ^a   Reimann, M ^b   De Ridder, J H ^a   van der Merwe, A ^a,c   Schwarz, P E H ^b   Malan, N T ^a  

^a NORTH WEST UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^b DRESDEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

^c DNAbiotec (Pty) Ltd   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADIPOCYTOKINE; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; FIBRINOGEN; LEPTIN; LIPID; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1; RESISTIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ABDOMINAL OBESITY; ADULT; AGE; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTERY RESISTANCE; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAUCASIAN; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE MARKER; FEMALE; HEART OUTPUT; HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NEGRO; OBESITY; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PREVALENCE; RACE DIFFERENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SOUTH AFRICA; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; URBAN POPULATION; VASCULAR RESISTANCE;

ADULT; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY MASS INDEX; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SOUTH AFRICA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 48049118759     PISSN: 09509240     EISSN: 14765527     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2008.35     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Opie LH, Seedat YK. Hypertension in sub-Saharan African populations. Circulation 2005; 112: 3562-3568.
2. Steyn K, Kazenellenbogen JM, Lombard CJ, Bourne LT. Urbanization and the risk for chronic diseases of lifestyle in the black population of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. J Cardiovasc Risk 1997; 4: 135-142.
3. Schutte AE, van Rooyen JM, Huisman HW, Kruger HS, de Ridder JH. Factor analysis of possible risks for hypertension in a black South African population. J Hum Hypertens 2003; 17: 339-348.
4. Hoosen S, Seedat YK, Bhigjee AI, Neerahoo RM. A study of urinary sodium and potassium excretion rates among urban and rural Zulus and Indians. J Hypertens 1985; 3: 351-358.
5. Worthington MG, Wendt MC, Opie LH. Sodium transport in hypertension: assessment of membrane-associated defects in South African black and white hypertensives. J Hum Hypertens 1993; 7: 291-297.
6. Joubert J, Norman R, Bradshaw D, Goedecke JH, Steyn NP, Puoane T. Estimating the burden of disease attributable to excess body weight in South Africa in 2000. S Afr Med J 2007; 97: 683-690.
7. van der Merwe MT, Pepper MS. Obesity in South Africa. Obes Rev 2006; 7: 315-322.
8. Puoane T, Steyn K, Bradshaw D, Laubscher R, Fourie J, Lambert V et al Obesity in South Africa: The South African demographic and health survey. Obes Res 2002; 10: 1038-1048.
9. Walker AR, Adam F, Walker BF. World pandemic of obesity: The situation in Southern African populations. Public Health 2001; 115: 368-372.
10. Bateman C. Black women at major risk for obesity-related diseases. S Afr Med J 2007; 97: 490.
11. Colin BA, Adair LS, Popkin BM. Ethnic differences in the association between body mass index and hypertension. Am J Epidemiol 2002; 155: 346-353.
12. Sakurai M, Miura K, Takamura T, Ota T, Ishizaki M, Morikawa Y et al Gender differences in the association between anthropometric indices of obesity and blood pressure in Japanese. Hypertens Res 2006; 29: 75-80.
13. Schutte AE, Kruger HS, Wissing MP, Underhay C, Vorster HH. The emergence of the metabolic syndrome in urban obese African women: The POWIRS-Study. S Afr J Sci 2005; 101: 61-67.
14. World Health Organization. Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity, June 3-5. World Health Organization: Geneva, 1997.
15. Schutte AE, Huisman HW, Schutte R, Malan L, van Rooyen JM, Malan NT et al. Differences and similarities regarding adiponectin investigated in African and Caucasian women. Eur J Endocrinol 2007; 157: 181-188.
16. Norton K, Olds T. Anthropometrica. A Textbook of Body Measurement for Sports and Health Courses. University of New South Wales Press: Sydney, 1996.
17. Ginde SR, Geliebter A, Rubiano F, Silva AM, Wang J, Heshka S et al Air displacement plethysmography: Validation in overweight and obese subjects. Obes Res 2005; 13: 1232-1237.
18. Fields DA, Higgins PB, Radley D. Air-displacement plethysmography: Here to stay. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2005; 8: 624-629.
19. Imholz BPM, Wieling W, van Montfrans GA,Wesseling KH. Fifteen years experience with finger arterial pressure monitoring: Assessment of the technology. Cardiovasc Res 1998; 38: 605-616.
20. Clauss A. [Rapid physiological coagulation method in determination of fibrinogen]. Acta Haematol 1957; 17: 237-246.
21. Meiring M, Badenhorst PN, Kelderman M. Performance and utility of a cost-effective collagen-binding assay for the laboratory diagnosis of Von Willebrand disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 2007; 45: 1068-1072.
22. Okosun IS, Boltri JM, Anochie LK, Chandra KM. Racial/ethnic differences in prehypertension in American adults: Population and relative attributable risks of abdominal obesity. J Hum Hypertens 2004; 18: 849-855.
23. Tiago AD, Badenhorst D, Nkeh B, Candy GP, Brooksbank R, Sareli P et al. Impact of reninangiotensin-aldosterone system gene variants on the severity of hypertension in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2003; 16: 1006-1010.
24. Olckers A, Towers GW, van der MA, Schwarz PE, Rheeder P, Schutte AE. Protective effect against type 2 diabetes mellitus identified within the ACDC gene in a black South African diabetic cohort. Metabolism 2007; 56: 587-592.
25. Oelofse A, Jooste PL, Steyn K, Badenhorst CJ, Lombard C, Bourne L et al. The lipid and lipoprotein profile of the urban black South Africa population of the Cape Peninsula - the BRISK study. S Afr Med J 1996; 86: 162-166.
26. Walker AR, Walker BF, Manetsi B, Tsotetsi NG, Walker AJ. Obesity in black women in Soweto, South Africa: Minimal effects on hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia. J R Soc Health 1990; 110 101-103.
27. Steyn K, Sliwa K, Hawken S, Commerford P, Onen C, Damasceno A et al Risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in Africa: The INTERHEART Africa study. Circulation 2005; 112: 3554-3561.
28. Vorster HH. Fibrinogen and women's health. Thromb Res 1999; 95 137-154.
29. Vorster HH, Jerling JC, Steyn K, Badenhorst CJ, Slazus W, Venter CS et al. Plasma fibrinogen of black South Africans: The BRISK study. Public Health Nutr 1998; 1: 169-176.
30. Longo-Mbenza B, Tonduangu K, Muyeno K, Phanzu M, Kebolo BA, Muvova D et al. Predictors of stroke - associated mortality in Africans. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2000; 48: 31-39.
31. The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. International Diabetes Federation; www.idf.org, 2005.
32. Ludvigsson J. Why diabetes incidence increases - a unifying theory. Ann NY Acad Sci 2006; 1079: 374-382.
33. Das UN. Is obesity an inflammatory condition? Nutrition 2001; 17: 953-966.
34. Yudkin JS. Inflammation, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome. Horm Metab Res 2007; 39: 707-709.