Central obesity and increased risk of dementia more than three decades later

Neurology

Volumn 71, Issue 14, 2008, Pages 1057-1064

  Whitmer, R A ^a   Gustafson, D R ^b   Barrett Connor, E ^c   Haan, M N ^d   Gunderson, E P ^a   Yaffe, K ^e  

^a DIVISION OF RESEARCH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG   (Sweden)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABDOMINAL BULGE; ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COMORBIDITY; DEMENTIA; DIABETES MELLITUS; EDUCATION; FEMALE; HAZARD RATIO; HEALTH PROGRAM; HEART DISEASE; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MARRIAGE; MEASUREMENT; MEDICAL RECORD; OBESITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE; RISK ASSESSMENT; STATISTICAL MODEL; STROKE; UNITED STATES; ABDOMINAL FAT; AGE; AGED; AGING; ANTHROPOMETRY; COHORT ANALYSIS; DISEASE COURSE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION;

ABDOMINAL FAT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; ANTHROPOMETRY; BODY MASS INDEX; CALIFORNIA; CAUSALITY; COHORT STUDIES; COMORBIDITY; DEMENTIA; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERLIPIDEMIAS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RISK FACTORS; RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR;

EID: 47949111598     PISSN: 00283878     EISSN: 1526632X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000306313.89165.ef     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Yarnell JW, Patterson CC, Thomas HF, Sweetnam PM. Central obesity: predictive value of skinfold measurements for subsequent ischaemic heart disease at 14 years follow-up in the Caerphilly Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25:1546-1549.
2. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Viswanathan V, Viswanathan M, Haffner SM. Risk of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus conferred by obesity and central adiposity in different ethnic groups: a comparative analysis between Asian Indians, Mexican Americans and Whites. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1997;36:121-235.
3. Onat A, Avci GS, Barlan MM, UyarelH, Uzunlar B, Sansoy V. Measures of abdominal obesity assessed for visceral adiposity and relation to coronary risk. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:1018-1025.
4. Smith DA, Ness EM, Herbert R, et al. Abdominal diameter index: a more powerful anthropometric measure for prevalent coronary heart disease risk in adult males. Diabetes Obes Metab 2005;7:370-380.
5. Rondinone CM. Adipocyte-derived hormones, cytokines, and mediators. Endocrine 2006;29:81-90.
6. Whitmer RA. The epidemiology of adiposity and dementia. Curr Alzheimer Res 2007;4:117-122.
7. Gustafson D. Adiposity indices and dementia. Lancet Neurol 2006;5:713-720.
8. Whitmer RA, Gunderson EP, Barrett-Connor E, Quesenberry CP Jr, Yaffe K. Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: a 27 year longitudinal population based study. BMJ 2005;330:1360.
9. Gustafson D, Rothenberg E, Blennow K, Steen B, Skoog I. An 18-year follow-up of overweight and risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1524-1528.
10. Gustafson D, Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Bjorkelund C, Skoog I. A 24-year follow-up of body mass index and cerebral atrophy. Neurology 2004;63:1876-1881.
11. Kivipelto M, Ngandu T, Fratiglioni L, et al. Obesity and vascular risk factors at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2005;62:1556-1560.
12. Whitmer R, Gunderson EP, Quesenberry C, Zhou J, Yaffe K. Body mass index in midlife and risk of Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. Curr Alzheimer Res 2007;4: 103-109.
13. Baumgartner RN, Heymsfield SB, Roche AF. Human body composition and the epidemiology of chronic disease. Obes Res 1995;3:73-95.
14. Snijder MB, van Dam RM, Visser M, Seidell JC. What aspects of body fat are particularly hazardous and how do we measure them? Int J Epidemiol 2006;35:83-92.
15. Krieger N. Overcoming the absence of socioeconomic data in medical records: validation and application of a censusbased methodology. Am J Public Health 1992;82:703-710.
16. Collen MFe. Multiphasic Health Testing Services. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1978.
17. Collen MF, Davis LF. The multitest laboratory in health care. J Occup Med 1969;11:355-360.
18. Collen M, Rubin L, Neyman J, Dantzig G, Siegelaub AB. Automated multiphasic screening and diagnosis. Am J Public Health 1964;54:741-750.
19. Collen M. Multiphasic Health Testing Services. Circulation New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1998:1837-1847.
20. Iribarren C, Sidney S, Sternfeld B, Browner WS. Calcification of the aortic arch: risk factors and association with coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. JAMA 2000;283:2810-2815.
21. Pouliot MC, Despres JP, Lemieux S, et al. Waist circumference and abdominal sagittal diameter: best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women. Am J Cardiol 1994;73:460-468.
22. Arellano MG, Petersen GR, Petitti DB, Smith RE. The California Automated Mortality Linkage System (CAMLIS). Am J Public Health 1984;74:1324-1330.
23. Riserus U, Arnlov J, Brismar K, Zethelius B, Berglund L, Vessby B. Sagittal abdominal diameter is a strong anthropometric marker of insulin resistance and hyperproinsulinemia in obese men. Diabetes Care 2004;27: 2041-2046.
24. Snijder MB, Visser M, Dekker JM, et al. Low subcutaneous thigh fat is a risk factor for unfavourable glucose and lipid levels, independently of high abdominal fat. The Health ABC Study. Diabetologia 2005;48:301-308.
25. Snijder MB, Dekker JM, Visser M, et al. Associations of hip and thigh diameters independent of waist circumference with the incidence of type 2 diabetes: the Hoorn Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:1192-1197.
26. Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Stern Y, Shea S, Mayeux R. Diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia with stroke in a multiethnic cohort. Am J Epidemiol 2001;154:635-641.
27. Breteler MM. Vascular involvement in cognitive decline and dementia. Epidemiologic evidence from the Rotterdam Study and the Rotterdam Scan Study. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000;903:457-465.
28. Yaffe K, Blackwell T, Kanaya AM, Davidowitz N, Barrett-Connor E, Krueger K. Diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and development of cognitive impairment in older women. Neurology 2004;63:658-663.
29. Whitmer RA, Sidney S, Selby J, Johnston SC, Yaffe K. Midlife cardiovascular risk factors and risk of dementia in late life. Neurology 2005;64:277-281.
30. Chaldakov GN, Stankulov IS, Hristova M, Ghenev PI. Adipobiology of disease: adipokines and adipokinetargeted pharmacology. Curr Pharm Des 2003;9:1023-1031.
31. Prins JB. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;16:639-651.
32. Landin K, Stigendal L, Eriksson E, et al. Abdominal obesity is associated with an impaired fibrinolytic activity and elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Metabolism 1990;39:1044-1048.
33. Yaffe K, Lindquist K, Penninx BW, et al. Inflammatory markers and cognition in well-functioning African-American and white elders. Neurology 2003; 61:76-80.
34. Funahashi H, Yada T, Suzuki R, Shioda S. Distribution, function, and properties of leptin receptors in the brain. Int Rev Cytol 2003;224:1-27.
35. Harvey J. Novel actions of leptin in the hippocampus. Ann Med 2003;35:197-206.
36. Fewlass DC, Noboa K, Pi-Sunyer FX, Johnston JM, Yan SD, Tezapsidis N. Obesity-related leptin regulates Alzheimer's Abeta. FASEB J 2004;18:1870-1878.
37. Braak E, Griffing K, Arai K, Bohl J, Bratzke H, Braak H. Neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease: what is new since A. Alzheimer? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999; 249 (suppl 3):14-22.
38. Ward MA, Carlsson CM, Trivedi MA, Sager MA, Johnson SC. The effect of body mass index on global brain volume in middle-aged adults: a cross sectional study. BMC Neurol 2005;5:23.
39. Jagust W, Harvey D, Mungas D, Haan M. Central obesity and the aging brain. Arch Neurol 2005;62:1545-1548.
40. Wang PN, Yang CL, Lin KN, Chen WT, Chwang LC, Liu HC. Weight loss, nutritional status and physical activity in patients with Alzheimer's disease. A controlled study. J Neurol 2004;251:314-320.
41. Bunout D, Fjeld C. Nutritional reversion of cognitive impairment in the elderly. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Clin Perform Programme 2001;5:263-77; discussion 277-281.
42. Gonzalez-Gross M, Marcos A, Pietrzik K. Nutrition and cognitive impairment in the elderly. Br J Nutr 2001;86: 313-321.
43. Winocur G, Greenwood CE. Studies of the effects of high fat diets on cognitive function in a rat model. Neurobiol Aging 2005;26(suppl 1):46-49.
44. Sugerman H, Windsor A, Bessos M, Wolfe L. Intraabdominal pressure, sagittal abdominal diameter and obesity comorbidity. J Intern Med 1997;241:71-79.
45. Zamboni M, Turcato E, Armellini F, et al. Sagittal abdom- inal diameter as a practical predictor of visceral fat. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998;22:655-660.
46. Empana JP, Ducimetiere P, Charles MA, Jouven X. Sagittal abdominal diameter and risk of sudden death in asymptomatic middle-aged men: the Paris Prospective Study I. Circulation 2004;110:2781-2785.
47. Ohrvall M, Berglund L, Vessby B. Sagittal abdominal diameter compared with other anthropometric measurements in relation to cardiovascular risk. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:497-501.