메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 55, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 385-399

The Authentic Personality: A Theoretical and Empirical Conceptualization and the Development of the Authenticity Scale

Author keywords

authenticity; person centered; positive psychology; self determination; well being

Indexed keywords


EID: 47749114529     PISSN: 00220167     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0022-0167.55.3.385     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (762)

References (71)
  • 2
    • 85047685593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social roles as mechanisms for psychological need satisfaction within social groups
    • Bettencourt B.A., and Sheldon K. Social roles as mechanisms for psychological need satisfaction within social groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81 (2001) 1131-1143
    • (2001) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 1131-1143
    • Bettencourt, B.A.1    Sheldon, K.2
  • 3
    • 2642572678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing for multigroup invariance using AMOS graphics: A road less traveled
    • Byrne B.M. Testing for multigroup invariance using AMOS graphics: A road less traveled. Structural Equation Modeling 11 (2004) 272-300
    • (2004) Structural Equation Modeling , vol.11 , pp. 272-300
    • Byrne, B.M.1
  • 4
    • 0029130577 scopus 로고
    • Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development
    • Clark L.A., and Watson D. Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychological Assessment 7 (1995) 309-319
    • (1995) Psychological Assessment , vol.7 , pp. 309-319
    • Clark, L.A.1    Watson, D.2
  • 5
    • 0002545959 scopus 로고
    • Perceived stress in a probability sample of the United States
    • Spacapam S., and Oskamp S. (Eds), Sage, Newbury Park, CA
    • Cohen S., and Williamson G. Perceived stress in a probability sample of the United States. In: Spacapam S., and Oskamp S. (Eds). The social psychology of health (1988), Sage, Newbury Park, CA 31-67
    • (1988) The social psychology of health , pp. 31-67
    • Cohen, S.1    Williamson, G.2
  • 7
    • 84920463623 scopus 로고
    • Domains and facets: Hierarchical personality assessment using the revised NEO personality inventory
    • Costa P.T., and McCrae R.R. Domains and facets: Hierarchical personality assessment using the revised NEO personality inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment 64 (1995) 21-50
    • (1995) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.64 , pp. 21-50
    • Costa, P.T.1    McCrae, R.R.2
  • 8
    • 0000786162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social stigma
    • Gilbert D.T., Fiske S.T., and Lindzey G. (Eds), Oxford University Press, New York
    • Crocker J., Major B., and Steele C. Social stigma. In: Gilbert D.T., Fiske S.T., and Lindzey G. (Eds). The handbook of social psychology 2 (1998), Oxford University Press, New York 505-553
    • (1998) The handbook of social psychology , vol.2 , pp. 505-553
    • Crocker, J.1    Major, B.2    Steele, C.3
  • 10
    • 0034934987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective investigation of the role of cognitive factors in persistent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after physical or sexual assault
    • Dunmore E., Clark D.M., and Ehlers A. A prospective investigation of the role of cognitive factors in persistent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after physical or sexual assault. Behaviour Research and Therapy 39 (2001) 1063-1084
    • (2001) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.39 , pp. 1063-1084
    • Dunmore, E.1    Clark, D.M.2    Ehlers, A.3
  • 11
    • 0034098102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder following political imprisonment: The role of mental defeat, alienation, and perceived permanent change
    • Ehlers A., Maercker A., and Boos A. Posttraumatic stress disorder following political imprisonment: The role of mental defeat, alienation, and perceived permanent change. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 109 (2000) 45-55
    • (2000) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.109 , pp. 45-55
    • Ehlers, A.1    Maercker, A.2    Boos, A.3
  • 13
    • 0036514554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive emotions trigger upward spirals toward emotional well-being
    • Fredrickson B.L., and Joiner T. Positive emotions trigger upward spirals toward emotional well-being. Psychological Science 13 (2002) 172-175
    • (2002) Psychological Science , vol.13 , pp. 172-175
    • Fredrickson, B.L.1    Joiner, T.2
  • 15
    • 58149208119 scopus 로고
    • The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure
    • Goldberg L.R. The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure. Psychological Assessment 4 (1992) 26-42
    • (1992) Psychological Assessment , vol.4 , pp. 26-42
    • Goldberg, L.R.1
  • 16
    • 0027348286 scopus 로고
    • The structure of phenotypic personality traits
    • Goldberg L.R. The structure of phenotypic personality traits. American Psychologist 48 (1993) 26-34
    • (1993) American Psychologist , vol.48 , pp. 26-34
    • Goldberg, L.R.1
  • 17
    • 4143100756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of authenticity in healthy psychological functioning and subjective well-being
    • Goldman B.M., and Kernis M.H. The role of authenticity in healthy psychological functioning and subjective well-being. Annals of the American Psychotherapy Association 5 (2002) 18-20
    • (2002) Annals of the American Psychotherapy Association , vol.5 , pp. 18-20
    • Goldman, B.M.1    Kernis, M.H.2
  • 18
    • 0034575870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using the implicit association test to measure self-esteem and self-concept
    • Greenwald A.G., and Farnham S.D. Using the implicit association test to measure self-esteem and self-concept. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 (2000) 1022-1038
    • (2000) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.79 , pp. 1022-1038
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    Farnham, S.D.2
  • 19
    • 10344224325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Authenticity
    • Snyder C.R., and Lopez S.J. (Eds), Oxford University Press, Oxford, England
    • Harter S. Authenticity. In: Snyder C.R., and Lopez S.J. (Eds). Handbook of positive psychology (2002), Oxford University Press, Oxford, England 382-394
    • (2002) Handbook of positive psychology , pp. 382-394
    • Harter, S.1
  • 20
    • 0030117196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model of the effects of perceived parent and peer support on adolescent false self behavior
    • Harter S., Marold D.B., Whitesell N.R., and Cobbs G. A model of the effects of perceived parent and peer support on adolescent false self behavior. Child Development 67 (1996) 360-374
    • (1996) Child Development , vol.67 , pp. 360-374
    • Harter, S.1    Marold, D.B.2    Whitesell, N.R.3    Cobbs, G.4
  • 22
    • 67650706330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives
    • Hu L.T., and Bentler P.M. Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling 6 (1999) 1-55
    • (1999) Structural Equation Modeling , vol.6 , pp. 1-55
    • Hu, L.T.1    Bentler, P.M.2
  • 23
    • 0003162764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Big Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives
    • Pervin L.A., and John O.P. (Eds), Guilford, New York
    • John O.P., and Srivastava S. The Big Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In: Pervin L.A., and John O.P. (Eds). Handbook of personality: Theory and research. 2nd ed. (1999), Guilford, New York 102-138
    • (1999) Handbook of personality: Theory and research. 2nd ed. , pp. 102-138
    • John, O.P.1    Srivastava, S.2
  • 24
    • 1642336359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Client-centered therapy, post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic growth: Theoretical perspectives and practical implications
    • Joseph S. Client-centered therapy, post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic growth: Theoretical perspectives and practical implications. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice 77 (2004) 101-119
    • (2004) Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice , vol.77 , pp. 101-119
    • Joseph, S.1
  • 25
    • 25444532518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive adjustment to threatening events: An organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity
    • Joseph S., and Linley P.A. Positive adjustment to threatening events: An organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity. Review of General Psychology 9 (2005) 262-280
    • (2005) Review of General Psychology , vol.9 , pp. 262-280
    • Joseph, S.1    Linley, P.A.2
  • 28
    • 0042656818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a conceptualization of optimal self-esteem
    • Kernis M.H. Toward a conceptualization of optimal self-esteem. Psychological Inquiry 14 (2003) 1-26
    • (2003) Psychological Inquiry , vol.14 , pp. 1-26
    • Kernis, M.H.1
  • 29
    • 84883394734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From thought and experience to behavior and interpersonal relationships: A multicomponent conceptualization of authenticity
    • Tesser A., Wood J.V., and Stapel D. (Eds), Psychology Press, New York
    • Kernis M.H., and Goldman B.M. From thought and experience to behavior and interpersonal relationships: A multicomponent conceptualization of authenticity. In: Tesser A., Wood J.V., and Stapel D. (Eds). On building, defending, and regulating the self: A psychological perspective (2005), Psychology Press, New York 31-52
    • (2005) On building, defending, and regulating the self: A psychological perspective , pp. 31-52
    • Kernis, M.H.1    Goldman, B.M.2
  • 31
    • 4544288723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychometric properties of the HEXACO personality inventory
    • Lee K., and Ashton M.C. Psychometric properties of the HEXACO personality inventory. Multivariate Behavioral Research 39 (2004) 329-358
    • (2004) Multivariate Behavioral Research , vol.39 , pp. 329-358
    • Lee, K.1    Ashton, M.C.2
  • 32
    • 32944478083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Counseling psychology's positive psychological agenda: A model for integration and inspiration
    • Linley P.A. Counseling psychology's positive psychological agenda: A model for integration and inspiration. Counseling Psychologist 34 (2006) 313-322
    • (2006) Counseling Psychologist , vol.34 , pp. 313-322
    • Linley, P.A.1
  • 34
    • 33746746397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary development and validation of a measure of relationship authenticity
    • Lopez F.G., and Rice K.G. Preliminary development and validation of a measure of relationship authenticity. Journal of Counseling Psychology 53 (2006) 362-371
    • (2006) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.53 , pp. 362-371
    • Lopez, F.G.1    Rice, K.G.2
  • 35
    • 0032970693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation
    • Lyubomirsky S., and Lepper H.S. A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research 46 (1999) 137-155
    • (1999) Social Indicators Research , vol.46 , pp. 137-155
    • Lyubomirsky, S.1    Lepper, H.S.2
  • 37
    • 0002501890 scopus 로고
    • Contributions of existential psychotherapy
    • May R., Angel E., and Ellenberger H.F. (Eds), Jason Aronson, Northvale, NJ (Original work published 1958)
    • May R. Contributions of existential psychotherapy. In: May R., Angel E., and Ellenberger H.F. (Eds). Existence (1994), Jason Aronson, Northvale, NJ 37-91 (Original work published 1958)
    • (1994) Existence , pp. 37-91
    • May, R.1
  • 39
    • 0031989128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personal projects, happiness, and meaning: On doing well and being yourself
    • McGregor I., and Little B.R. Personal projects, happiness, and meaning: On doing well and being yourself. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74 (1998) 494-512
    • (1998) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 494-512
    • McGregor, I.1    Little, B.R.2
  • 41
    • 0036924827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The authenticity of conflict resolutions among adult couples: Does women's other-oriented behavior reflect their true selves?
    • Neff K.D., and Harter S. The authenticity of conflict resolutions among adult couples: Does women's other-oriented behavior reflect their true selves?. Sex Roles 47 (2002) 403-417
    • (2002) Sex Roles , vol.47 , pp. 403-417
    • Neff, K.D.1    Harter, S.2
  • 42
    • 0034242321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and Velicer's MAP test
    • O'Connor B.P. SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and Velicer's MAP test. Behavior Research Methods, Instrumentation, and Computers 32 (2000) 396-402
    • (2000) Behavior Research Methods, Instrumentation, and Computers , vol.32 , pp. 396-402
    • O'Connor, B.P.1
  • 44
    • 33845539206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Person-centered personality theory: Support from self-determination theory and positive psychology
    • Patterson T.G., and Joseph S. Person-centered personality theory: Support from self-determination theory and positive psychology. Journal of Humanistic Psychology 47 (2007) 117-139
    • (2007) Journal of Humanistic Psychology , vol.47 , pp. 117-139
    • Patterson, T.G.1    Joseph, S.2
  • 46
    • 0001442908 scopus 로고
    • Review of the Satisfaction With Life scale
    • Pavot W., and Diener E. Review of the Satisfaction With Life scale. Psychological Assessment 5 (1993) 164-172
    • (1993) Psychological Assessment , vol.5 , pp. 164-172
    • Pavot, W.1    Diener, E.2
  • 47
    • 1842446524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: Strengths of courage
    • Peterson C., and Seligman M.E.P. (Eds), Oxford University Press, Oxford, England
    • Peterson C., and Seligman M.E.P. Introduction: Strengths of courage. In: Peterson C., and Seligman M.E.P. (Eds). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification (2004), Oxford University Press, Oxford, England 197-212
    • (2004) Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification , pp. 197-212
    • Peterson, C.1    Seligman, M.E.P.2
  • 48
    • 0028456697 scopus 로고
    • One personality, multiple selves - integrating personality and social roles
    • Roberts B.W., and Donahue E.M. One personality, multiple selves - integrating personality and social roles. Journal of Personality 62 (1994) 199-218
    • (1994) Journal of Personality , vol.62 , pp. 199-218
    • Roberts, B.W.1    Donahue, E.M.2
  • 49
    • 0001687939 scopus 로고
    • A theory of therapy, personality and interpersonal relationships as developed in the client-centered framework
    • Koch S. (Ed), McGraw-Hill, New York
    • Rogers C.R. A theory of therapy, personality and interpersonal relationships as developed in the client-centered framework. In: Koch S. (Ed). Psychology: A study of a science. Vol. 3: Formulations of the person and the social context (1959), McGraw-Hill, New York 181-256
    • (1959) Psychology: A study of a science. Vol. 3: Formulations of the person and the social context , pp. 181-256
    • Rogers, C.R.1
  • 51
    • 0001207408 scopus 로고
    • Toward a modern approach to values: The valuing process in the mature person
    • Rogers C.R. Toward a modern approach to values: The valuing process in the mature person. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 68 (1964) 160-167
    • (1964) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.68 , pp. 160-167
    • Rogers, C.R.1
  • 54
    • 0035221425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being
    • Ryan R.M., and Deci E.L. On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology 52 (2001) 141-166
    • (2001) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 141-166
    • Ryan, R.M.1    Deci, E.L.2
  • 55
    • 0001629153 scopus 로고
    • Happiness is everything, or is it--Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being
    • Ryff C.D. Happiness is everything, or is it--Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57 (1989) 1069-1081
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.57 , pp. 1069-1081
    • Ryff, C.D.1
  • 57
    • 0035543521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis
    • Satorra A., and Bentler P.M. A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika 66 (2001) 507-514
    • (2001) Psychometrika , vol.66 , pp. 507-514
    • Satorra, A.1    Bentler, P.M.2
  • 58
    • 0011910570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the Big Five: Applications of ten psychometric criteria to the development of marker scales
    • De Raad B., and Perugini M. (Eds), Hogrefe and Huber, Seattle, WA
    • Saucier G., and Goldberg L.R. Assessing the Big Five: Applications of ten psychometric criteria to the development of marker scales. In: De Raad B., and Perugini M. (Eds). Big Five assessment (2002), Hogrefe and Huber, Seattle, WA 29-58
    • (2002) Big Five assessment , pp. 29-58
    • Saucier, G.1    Goldberg, L.R.2
  • 59
    • 47749138751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Authenticity and alienation: Towards an understanding of the person beyond the categories of order and disorder
    • Joseph S., and Worsley R. (Eds), PCCS Books, Ross-on-Wye, England
    • Schmid P.F. Authenticity and alienation: Towards an understanding of the person beyond the categories of order and disorder. In: Joseph S., and Worsley R. (Eds). Person-centred psychopathology (2005), PCCS Books, Ross-on-Wye, England 75-90
    • (2005) Person-centred psychopathology , pp. 75-90
    • Schmid, P.F.1
  • 60
    • 47749117393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrity (honesty/authenticity)
    • Peterson C., and Seligman M.E.P. (Eds), Oxford University Press, New York
    • Sheldon K.M. Integrity (honesty/authenticity). In: Peterson C., and Seligman M.E.P. (Eds). Character strengths and virtues (2004), Oxford University Press, New York 249-272
    • (2004) Character strengths and virtues , pp. 249-272
    • Sheldon, K.M.1
  • 61
    • 0031317273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trait self and true self: Cross-role variation in the big-five personality traits and its relations with psychological authenticity and subjective well-being
    • Sheldon K.M., Ryan R.M., Rawsthorne L.J., and Ilardi B. Trait self and true self: Cross-role variation in the big-five personality traits and its relations with psychological authenticity and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73 (1997) 1380-1393
    • (1997) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.73 , pp. 1380-1393
    • Sheldon, K.M.1    Ryan, R.M.2    Rawsthorne, L.J.3    Ilardi, B.4
  • 62
  • 63
    • 0002366447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construct explication through factor or component analysis: A review and evaluation of alternative procedures for determining the number of factors or components
    • Goffin R.D., and Helmes E. (Eds), Kluwer Academic, Norwell, MA
    • Velicer W.F., Eaton C.A., and Fava J.L. Construct explication through factor or component analysis: A review and evaluation of alternative procedures for determining the number of factors or components. In: Goffin R.D., and Helmes E. (Eds). Problems and solutions in human assessment: Honoring Douglas N. Jackson at seventy (2000), Kluwer Academic, Norwell, MA
    • (2000) Problems and solutions in human assessment: Honoring Douglas N. Jackson at seventy
    • Velicer, W.F.1    Eaton, C.A.2    Fava, J.L.3
  • 64
    • 0024023344 scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect--the PANAS scales
    • Watson D., Clark L.A., and Tellegen A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect--the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54 (1988) 1063-1070
    • (1988) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 1063-1070
    • Watson, D.1    Clark, L.A.2    Tellegen, A.3
  • 67
    • 47749153560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood, A. M., Maltby, J., Gillette, R., Linley, P. A., & Joseph, S. (in press). The role of gratitude in the development of social support, stress, and depression: Two longitudinal studies. Journal of Research in Personality. doi:10.1016/j.jrp. 2007.1011.1003
    • Wood, A. M., Maltby, J., Gillette, R., Linley, P. A., & Joseph, S. (in press). The role of gratitude in the development of social support, stress, and depression: Two longitudinal studies. Journal of Research in Personality. doi:10.1016/j.jrp. 2007.1011.1003
  • 71
    • 58149371334 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of five rules for determining the number of components to retain
    • Zwick W.R., and Velicer W.F. Comparison of five rules for determining the number of components to retain. Psychological Bulletin 99 (1986) 432-442
    • (1986) Psychological Bulletin , vol.99 , pp. 432-442
    • Zwick, W.R.1    Velicer, W.F.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.