Changes to preindustrial forest tree composition in central and northeastern Ontario, Canada

Canadian Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 38, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 1842-1854

  Pinto, F ^a   Romaniuk, S ^a   Ferguson, M ^a  

^a ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FOREST COMPOSITION; ONTARIO , CANADA;

BIOLOGICAL SURVEY; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; CONIFEROUS TREE; DECIDUOUS TREE; FOREST INVENTORY; FOREST RESOURCE; MODEL VALIDATION;

CANADA; NORTH AMERICA; ONTARIO [CANADA];

ACER; BETULA PAPYRIFERA; BETULA PENDULA; CONIFEROPHYTA; LARIX; LARIX LARICINA; PINUS RESINOSA; PINUS STROBUS; POPULUS; QUERCUS;

EID: 47649094079     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/X08-034     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Abrams, B.A., and Ruffner, M.D. 1995. Physiographic analysis of witness tree distribution (1765-1798) and present forest cover through north central Pennsylvania. Can. J. For. Res. 25: 659-668. doi:10.1139/x95-073.
2. Baker, W.L. 1972. Eastern forest insects. USDA For. Serv. Misc. Publ. 1175.
3. Black, B.A., and Abrams, M.D. 2001. Analysis of temporal variation and species-site relationships of witness tree data in southeastern Pennsylvania. Can. J. For. Res. 31: 419-429. doi:10.1139/cjfr-31-3-419.
4. Burns, R.M., and Honkala, B.H. (Editors). 1990. Silvics of North America. Vol. 2. Hardwoods. US Dep. Agric. Agric. Handb. 654.
5. Cameron, L.K. 1902. First annual report of the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway Commission. Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty, Toronto, Ont.
6. Campbell, E.M., and Antos, J.A. 2000. Distribution and severity of white pine blister rust and mountain pine beetle on whitebark pine in British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 1051-1059. doi:10.1139/cjfr-30-7-1051.
7. Campbell, I.D., and McAndrews, J.H. 1993. Forest disequilibrium caused by rapid Little Ice Age cooling. Nature (Lond.), 366: 336-338. doi:10.1038/366336a0.
8. Canada Department of Crown Lands. 1862. Remarks on Upper Canada surveys, and extracts from the surveyor's reports, containing a description of the soil and timber of the townships in the Huron and Ottawa territory, and on the north shores of Lake Huron. Report of the Commissioner of Crown Lands for 1861. Hunter, Rose, and Lemieux, Quebec, Que. Appendix 26
9. Canada Department of Crown Lands. 1867. Remarks on Upper Canada surveys, and extracts from the surveyor's reports, containing a description of the soil and timber of the townships in the Ottawa River and Georgian Bay Section and between the Spanish River, on the north shore of Lake Huron, and Goulay's Bay, on Lake Superior. Hunter and Rose, Ottawa, Ont.
10. Canham, C.D., and Loucks, O.L. 1984. Catastrophic windthrow in the presettlement forests of Wisconsin. Ecology. 65: 803-809. doi:10.2307/1938053.
11. Carleton, T.J., and MacLennan, P. 1994. Woody vegetation responses to fire versus clear-cutting logging: a comparative survey in the central Canadian boreal forest. Ecoscience, 1: 141-152.
12. Clarke, J., and Finnegan, G.F. 1984. Colonial survey records and the vegetation of Essex County, Ontario. J. Hist. Geog. 10: 119-138. doi:10.1016/0305-7488(84)90114-2.
13. Cole, K.L., Stearns, F., Guntensperg, G., Davis, M.B., and Walker, K. 1998. Historical landcover changes in the Great Lakes Region. In Perspectives on the land-use history of North America: a context for understanding our changing environment. Edited by T.D. Sisk. US Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Reston, Va. Biol. Sci. Rep. USGS/BRD/BSR-1998-0003. pp. 43-50.
14. Dahir, S.E., and Lorimer, C.G. 1996. Variation in canopy gap formation among developmental stages of northern hardwood stands. Can. J. For. Res. 26: 1875-1892. doi:10.1139/x26-212.
15. Davis, M.B. 1981. Quaternary history and stability of forest communities. In Forest succession - concepts and application. Edited by D.C. West, H.H. Shugart, and D.B. Botkin. Springer-Verlag, New York. pp. 132-153.
16. Dyer, J.M. 2001. Using witness trees to assess forest change in southeastern Ohio. Can. J. For. Res. 31: 1708-1718. doi:10.1139/cjfr-31- 10-1708.
17. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. 1996. Arcview GIS 3.2. ESRI, Inc., Redlands, Calif.
18. Erichsen-Brown, C. 1979. Medicinal and other uses of North American plants. Dover Publications, Inc., New York.
19. Flannigan, M.D., and Bergeron, Y. 1998. Possible role of disturbance in shaping the northern distribution of Pinus resinosa. J. Veg. Sci. 9: 477-482. doi:10.2307/3237262.
20. FSC Canada Working Group. 2004. National Boreal Standard, version 3 edition. Forest Stewardship Council, Toronto, Ont.
21. Frelich, L.E. 1995. Old forest in the Lake States today and before European settlement. Nat. Areas J. 15: 157-167.
22. Galatowitsch, S.M. 1990. Using the original land survey notes to reconstruct presettlement landscapes in the American west. Great Basin Nat. 50: 181-191.
23. Gentilecore, L., and Donkin, K. 1973a. Land surveys of southern Ontario (1784-1859). The survey notes: an introduction Can. Cartographer 10(2): 1-24. doi:10.3138/HN20-V467-3253-W349.
24. Gentilecore, L., and Donkin, K. 1973b. Land surveys of southern Ontario (1784-1859). Index to the field note books Can. Cartographer 10(2): 37-104. doi:10.3138/357U-1546-7225-766U.
25. Gillis, R.P., and Roach, T.R. 1984. Early European and North American forestry in Canada: the Ontario example, 1890-1941. In History of sustained-yield forestry: a symposium. Edited by H.K. Steen. Forest History Society, Inc,. Durham, N.C.
26. Girardin, M.-P., Tardif, J., and Bergeron, Y. 2001. Radial growth analysis of Larix laricina from the Lake Duparquet area, Quebec, in relation to climate and larch sawfly outbreaks. Ecoscience, 8: 127-138.
27. Girardin, M.-P., Berglund, E., Tardif, J.C., and Monson, K. 2005. Radial growth of tamarack (Larix laricina) in the Churchill Area, Manitoba, Canada, in relation to climate and larch sawfly (Pristiphora erichsonii) herbivory. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. 37: 206-217. doi:10.1657/1523- 0430(2005)037[0206:RGOTLL]2.0.CO;2.
28. Gunning, C. 1998. North Bay's startpoint 1882: early arrivals tell their own stories. 248 p.
29. He, H.S., Dey, D.C., Fan, X., Hooten, M.B., Kabrick, J.M., Wikle, C.K., and Fan, C. 2007. Mapping pre-European settlement vegetation at fine resolutions using a hierarchical Bayesian model and GIS. Plant Ecol. 191: 85-94. doi:10.1007/s11258-006-9216-2.
30. Hearndon, K.W., Millson, S.V., and Wilson, W.C. 1992. A report on the status of forest regeneration. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto, Ont.
31. Hills, G.A. 1959. A ready reference to the description of the land of Ontario and its productivity. Research Division, Ontario Department of Lands and Forests, Maple, Ont.
32. Hintze, J.L. 2000. PASS (power analysis and sample size software) 2000 user's guide. National Council for Social Studies, Kaysville, Utah.
33. Howse, G. 1983. Pests of larch: biology, damage and control. Department of the Environment, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste Marie, Ont.
34. Hutchinson, M. 1988. A guide to understanding, interpreting, and using the Public Land Survey field notes in Illinois. Nat. Areas J. 8: 245-255.
35. Jackson, S.M., Pinto, F., Malcolm, J.R., and Wilson, E.R. 2000. A comparison of pre-European settlement (1857) and current (1981-1995) forest composition in central Ontario. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 605-612. doi:10.1139/cjfr-30-4-605.
36. Leadbitter, P., Euler, D., and Naylor, B. 2002. A comparison of historical and current forest cover in selected areas of the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence forest of central Ontario. For. Chron. 78: 522-529.
37. Lorimer, C.G. 2001. Historical and ecological roles of disturbance in eastern North American forests: 9,000 years of change. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 29: 425-439.
38. Lutz, S.G. 1997. Pre-European settlement and present forest composition in Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada. M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Studies, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B.
39. Maloy, O.C. 1997. White pine blister rust control in North America: a case history. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 35: 87-109. doi:10.1146/annurev. phyto.35.1.87. PMID:15012516.
40. Manies, K.L., and Mladenoff, D.J. 2000. Testing methods to produce landscape-scale presettlement vegetation maps from the U.S. public land survey records. Landsc. Ecol. 15: 741-754. doi:10.1023/A:1008115200471.
41. Noss, R.F. 1985. On characterizing presettlement vegetation: how and why. Nat. Areas J. 5: 5-19.
42. OMNR. 2004. Forest management planning manual for Ontario's Crown forests. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto, Ont.
43. Pinto, F., and Romaniuk, S.M. 2003. Changes in tree species composition from pre-settlement to present: a case study of the Temagami forest, Ontario. In Emulating natural disturbances. Edited by A. Perera, M. Weber, and L. Buse. Fitzroy & Sons, Toronto, Ont.
44. Pinto, F., Rouillard, D., Sobze, J., and Ter-Mikaelian, M. 2007. Validating tree species composition in forest resource inventory for Nipissing Forest, Ontario, Canada. For. Chron. 83: 247-251.
45. Potvin, F., Bélanger, L., and Lowell, K. 1999. Validité de la carte forestière pour décrire les habitats fauniques à l'échelle locale: une étude de cas en Abitibi- Témiscamingue. For. Chron. 75: 851-859.
46. Prentice, I.C. 1986. Vegetation responses to past climatic variation. Vegetatio, 67: 131-141. doi:10.1007/BF00037363.
47. Province of Ontario. 1994. Crown Forest Sustainability Act. R.S.O. Bill 171. Ch. 25. Legislative Assembly of Ontario, Toronto, Ont.
48. Radeloff, V.C., Mladenoff, D.J., He, S.H., and Boyce, M.S. 1999. Forest landscape change in the northwestern Wisconsin Pine Barrens from pre-European settlement to the present. Can. J. For. Res. 29: 1649-1659. doi:10.1139/cjfr-29-11-1649.
49. Rotenberry, J.T., and Wiens, J.A. 1985. Statistical power analysis and community-wide patterns. Am. Nat. 125: 164-168. doi:10.1086/284335.
50. Rowe, J.S. 1972. Forest regions of Canada. Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Canadian Forestry Service, Ottawa, Ont. Publ. No. 1300.
51. Russell, E.W.B., Davis, R.B., Anderson, R.S., Rhodes, T.E., and Anderson, D.S. 1993. Recent centuries of vegetational change in the glaciated north-eastern United States. J. Ecol. 81: 647-664.
52. Schulte, L.A., and Mladenoff, D.J. 2001. The original US Public Land Survey records: their use and limitations in reconstructing presettlement vegetation. J. For. 99 (10): 5-10.
53. Simard, H., and Bouchard, A. 1996. The precolonial 19th century forest of the Upper St. Lawrence region of Quebec: a record of its exploitation and transformation through notary deeds of wood sales. Can. J. For. Res. 26: 1670-1676. doi:10.1139/x26-188.
54. SPSS Inc. 2002. SPSS for Windows, version 11.5.0 edition. SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill.
55. Steidl, R.J., Hayes, J.P., and Schauber, E. 1996. Statistical power analysis in wildlife research. J. Wildl. Manage. 61: 270-279.
56. Suffling, R., Evans, M., and Perera, A. 2003. Presettlement forest in southern Ontario: ecosystems measured through a cultural prism. For. Chron. 79: 485-501.
57. Wang, Y.-C., and Larsen, C.P.S. 2006. Do coarse resolution U.S. presettlement land survey records adequately represent the spatial pattern of individual tree species? Landsc. Ecol. 21: 1003-1017. doi:10.1007/s10980-005-6221-0.
58. White, C.A. 1984. A history of the rectangular survey system. United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Washington, D.C.
59. White, M.A., and Mladenoff, D.J. 1994. Old-growth forest landscape transitions from pre-European settlement to present. Landsc. Ecol. 9: 191-205. doi:10.1007/BF00134747.
60. Whitney, G.G. 1986. Relation of Michigan's presettlement pine forests to substrate and disturbance history. Ecology, 67: 1548-1559. doi:10.2307/1939085.
61. Whitney, G.G. 1987. An ecological history of the Great Lakes forest of Michigan. J. Ecol. 75: 667-684.
62. Zhang, Q., Pregitzer, K.S., and Reed, D.D. 1999. Catastrophic disturbance in the presettlement forests of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Can. J. For. Res. 29: 106-114. doi:10.1139/cjfr-29-1-106.