메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 382-406

Social upheaval and fertility decline

Author keywords

Demographic transition; Fertility theory; Historical demography; Revolution; Social crisis; War

Indexed keywords


EID: 4744365137     PISSN: 03631990     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0363199004267744     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (52)

References (142)
  • 1
    • 0003075526 scopus 로고
    • Population - The long view
    • ed. T. W. Schultz (Chicago: University of Chicago Press)
    • F. W. Notestein, "Population - The Long View," in Food for the World, ed. T. W. Schultz (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1945), 39-40.
    • (1945) Food for the World , pp. 39-40
    • Notestein, F.W.1
  • 4
    • 0033392664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The delayed western fertility decline in english-speaking countries
    • J. C. Caldwell, "The Delayed Western Fertility Decline in English-Speaking Countries," Population and Development Review 25 (1999): 479-513.
    • (1999) Population and Development Review , vol.25 , pp. 479-513
    • Caldwell, J.C.1
  • 5
    • 0027943984 scopus 로고
    • Demographic shocks after communism: Eastern Germany, 1989-93
    • N. Eberstadt, "Demographic Shocks after Communism: Eastern Germany, 1989-93," Population and Development Review 20 (1994): 137-52.
    • (1994) Population and Development Review , vol.20 , pp. 137-152
    • Eberstadt, N.1
  • 6
    • 0003219213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social protection in eastern and central Europe: A tale of slipping anchors and torn safety nets
    • ed. G. Esping-Anderson (London: Sage)
    • G. Standing, "Social Protection in Eastern and Central Europe: A Tale of Slipping Anchors and Torn Safety Nets," in Welfare States in Transition: National Adaptions to Global Economics, ed. G. Esping-Anderson (London: Sage, 1996), 225-55.
    • (1996) Welfare States in Transition: National Adaptions to Global Economics , pp. 225-255
    • Standing, G.1
  • 13
    • 84937376531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marianne in the home: Political revolution and fertility transition in France and the United States
    • R. Binion, "Marianne in the Home: Political Revolution and Fertility Transition in France and the United States," Population: An English Selection 13 (2001): 165-88.
    • (2001) Population: An English Selection , vol.13 , pp. 165-188
    • Binion, R.1
  • 17
    • 0344509799 scopus 로고
    • An explanation of continued fertility decline in the west: Stages, succession and crisis
    • London: Academic Press
    • J. C. Caldwell, "An Explanation of Continued Fertility Decline in the West: Stages, Succession and Crisis," in Theory of Fertility Decline (London: Academic Press, 1982), 248-50.
    • (1982) Theory of Fertility Decline , pp. 248-250
    • Caldwell, J.C.1
  • 22
    • 2142708568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the 'Early' decline of marital fertility in the united States
    • J. D. Hacker, "Rethinking the 'Early' Decline of Marital Fertility in the united States," Demography 40 (2003): 605-20.
    • (2003) Demography , vol.40 , pp. 605-620
    • Hacker, J.D.1
  • 23
    • 4744365631 scopus 로고
    • Evolution générale de la population française depuis le xviiie siècle
    • J. Bourgeois-Pichat, "Evolution générale de la population française depuis le xviiie siècle," Population 6 (1951): 635-62; J. Bourgeois-Pichat, "The General Development of Population in France since the 18th Century," in Population in History: Essays in Historical Demography, ed. D. V. Glass and D. C. Eversley (London: Edward Arnold, 1965), 474-506.
    • (1951) Population , vol.6 , pp. 635-662
    • Bourgeois-Pichat, J.1
  • 24
    • 85068365667 scopus 로고
    • The general development of population in France since the 18th century
    • ed. D. V. Glass and D. C. Eversley London: Edward Arnold
    • J. Bourgeois-Pichat, "Evolution générale de la population française depuis le xviiie siècle," Population 6 (1951): 635-62; J. Bourgeois-Pichat, "The General Development of Population in France since the 18th Century," in Population in History: Essays in Historical Demography, ed. D. V. Glass and D. C. Eversley (London: Edward Arnold, 1965), 474-506.
    • (1965) Population in History: Essays in Historical Demography , pp. 474-506
    • Bourgeois-Pichat, J.1
  • 26
    • 0010859587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La population de la France de 1740 à1860
    • see note 24
    • L. Henry and Y. Blayo, "La population de la France de 1740 à1860," in Demographie Historique (see note 24), 71-122.
    • Demographie Historique , pp. 71-122
    • Henry, L.1    Blayo, Y.2
  • 28
    • 85058486835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A summary of the changing distribution of overall fertility, marital fertility and the proportions married in the provinces of Europe
    • ed. A. J. Coale and S. C. Watkins (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press)
    • In A. J. Coale and R. Treadway, "A Summary of the Changing Distribution of Overall Fertility, Marital Fertility and the Proportions Married in the Provinces of Europe," in The Decline of Fertility in Europe, ed. A. J. Coale and S. C. Watkins (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986), 31-181.
    • (1986) The Decline of Fertility in Europe , pp. 31-181
    • Coale, A.J.1    Treadway, R.2
  • 29
    • 4744355664 scopus 로고
    • Two approaches to the fertility transition in France, 1740-1911
    • ed D. S. Reher and R. Schofield (Oxford: Clarendon)
    • D. R. Weir, "Two Approaches to the Fertility Transition in France, 1740-1911," in Old and New Methods in Historical Demography, ed D. S. Reher and R. Schofield (Oxford: Clarendon, 1993), 312.
    • (1993) Old and New Methods in Historical Demography , pp. 312
    • Weir, D.R.1
  • 36
    • 0019391155 scopus 로고
    • The mechanisms of demographic change in historical perspective
    • J. C. Caldwell, "The Mechanisms of Demographic Change in Historical Perspective," Population Studies 35 (1981): 18.
    • (1981) Population Studies , vol.35 , pp. 18
    • Caldwell, J.C.1
  • 37
    • 0022267769 scopus 로고
    • The fall of marital fertility in nineteenth-century france: Exemplar or exception?
    • E. A. Wrigley, "The Fall of Marital Fertility in Nineteenth-Century France: Exemplar or Exception?" European Journal of Population 1 (1985): 31-60; E. A. Wrigley, "The Fall of Marital Fertility in Nineteenth-Century France: Exemplar or Exception? Part II," European Journal of Population 1 (1985): 141-77.
    • (1985) European Journal of Population , vol.1 , pp. 31-60
    • Wrigley, E.A.1
  • 38
    • 0022266649 scopus 로고
    • The fall of marital fertility in nineteenth-century France: Exemplar or exception? part II
    • E. A. Wrigley, "The Fall of Marital Fertility in Nineteenth-Century France: Exemplar or Exception?" European Journal of Population 1 (1985): 31-60; E. A. Wrigley, "The Fall of Marital Fertility in Nineteenth-Century France: Exemplar or Exception? Part II," European Journal of Population 1 (1985): 141-77.
    • (1985) European Journal of Population , vol.1 , pp. 141-177
    • Wrigley, E.A.1
  • 39
    • 0018688202 scopus 로고
    • Lessons from the past policy implications of historical fertility studies
    • J. E. Knodel and E. van de Walle, "Lessons from the Past Policy Implications of Historical Fertility Studies," Population and Development Review 5 (1979): 217-45.
    • (1979) Population and Development Review , vol.5 , pp. 217-245
    • Knodel, J.E.1    Van De Walle, E.2
  • 43
    • 0028665611 scopus 로고
    • New estimates of nuptiality and marital fertility in France, 1740-1911
    • D.R. Weir, "New Estimates of Nuptiality and Marital Fertility in France, 1740-1911" Population Studies 48 (1994): 307-31.
    • (1994) Population Studies , vol.48 , pp. 307-331
    • Weir, D.R.1
  • 44
    • 6244294229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ibid., 330-31; M-S. Teitelbaum, The British Fertility Decline: Demographic Transition in the Crucible of the Industrial Revolution (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984), 115.
    • Population Studies , pp. 330-331
  • 49
    • 0023078686 scopus 로고
    • Early fertility decline in America: A problem in family history
    • D. S. Smith, " Early Fertility Decline in America: A Problem in Family History," Journal of Family History 12 (1987): 73-84.
    • (1987) Journal of Family History , vol.12 , pp. 73-84
    • Smith, D.S.1
  • 53
    • 0012282112 scopus 로고
    • Fertility decline in Australia and New Zealand, 1861 -1936
    • E. F. Jones, "Fertility Decline in Australia and New Zealand, 1861 -1936," Population Index 37 (1971): 301-38.
    • (1971) Population Index , vol.37 , pp. 301-338
    • Jones, E.F.1
  • 57
    • 84901698895 scopus 로고
    • French population in the 17th and 18th centuries
    • ed. R. Cameron (Homewood, IL: Irwin)
    • J. Dupâquier. "French Population in the 17th and 18th Centuries," in Essays in French Economic History, ed. R. Cameron (Homewood, IL: Irwin, 1970), 169.
    • (1970) Essays in French Economic History , pp. 169
    • Dupâquier, J.1
  • 58
    • 0001798461 scopus 로고
    • Mortality in Europe from 1720 to 1914: Long-term trends and changes in patterns by age and sex
    • ed. R. Schofield, D. Reher, and A. Bideau (Oxford: Clarendon)
    • J. Vallin, "Mortality in Europe from 1720 to 1914: Long-Term Trends and Changes in Patterns by Age and Sex," in The Decline of Mortality in Europe, ed. R. Schofield, D. Reher, and A. Bideau (Oxford: Clarendon, 1991), 38-67; Y Blayo, "La mortalité en France de 1740 à 1860," in Démographie Historique (see note 24), 123-42.
    • (1991) The Decline of Mortality in Europe , pp. 38-67
    • Vallin, J.1
  • 59
    • 0007303820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La mortalité en France de 1740 à 1860
    • see note 24
    • J. Vallin, "Mortality in Europe from 1720 to 1914: Long-Term Trends and Changes in Patterns by Age and Sex," in The Decline of Mortality in Europe, ed. R. Schofield, D. Reher, and A. Bideau (Oxford: Clarendon, 1991), 38-67; Y Blayo, "La mortalité en France de 1740 à 1860," in Démographie Historique (see note 24), 123-42.
    • Démographie Historique , pp. 123-142
    • Blayo, Y.1
  • 61
    • 0004075474 scopus 로고
    • trans. R. Baldick (London: Jonathan Cape)
    • P. Ariès, Centuries of Childhood, trans. R. Baldick (London: Jonathan Cape, 1962).
    • (1962) Centuries of Childhood
    • Ariès, P.1
  • 63
    • 4744365126 scopus 로고
    • Demography, the economy and the french revolution
    • ed. E. M. Acomb and M. L. Brown (New York Holt, Rinehart and Winston)
    • M. Reinhard, "Demography, the Economy and the French Revolution," in French Society and Culture since the Old Regime, ed. E. M. Acomb and M. L. Brown (New York Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1966), 25-26.
    • (1966) French Society and Culture since the Old Regime , pp. 25-26
    • Reinhard, M.1
  • 64
    • 0028665611 scopus 로고
    • New estimates of nuptiality and marital fertility in France, 1740-1911
    • D. R. Weir, "New Estimates of Nuptiality and Marital Fertility in France, 1740-1911," Population Studies 48 (1994): 307-31.
    • (1994) Population Studies , vol.48 , pp. 307-331
    • Weir, D.R.1
  • 66
    • 0040437367 scopus 로고
    • Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
    • J.F. Traer, Marriage and the Family in Eighteenth-Century France (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1980); J. McManners, Death and the Enlightenment: Changing Attitudes to Death among Christians and Unbelievers in Eighteenth-Century France (Oxford: Clarendon, 1981), 440 ff.; and O. H. Hufton, Women and the Limits of Citizenship in the French Revolution (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1992).
    • (1980) Marriage and the Family in Eighteenth-century France
    • Traer, J.F.1
  • 68
    • 0003533908 scopus 로고
    • Toronto: University of Toronto Press
    • J.F. Traer, Marriage and the Family in Eighteenth-Century France (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1980); J. McManners, Death and the Enlightenment: Changing Attitudes to Death among Christians and Unbelievers in Eighteenth-Century France (Oxford: Clarendon, 1981), 440 ff.; and O. H. Hufton, Women and the Limits of Citizenship in the French Revolution (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1992).
    • (1992) Women and the Limits of Citizenship in the French Revolution
    • Hufton, O.H.1
  • 69
    • 0003393582 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • W. W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960), 38; see also C. Fohlen, "The Industrial Revolution in France," 201-25, T. J. Markovich, "The Dominant Sectors in French industry," 226-44, M. Morineau, "Was There an Agricultural Revolution in 18th-Century France?" 170-82, all in Essays in French Economic History (see note 53).
    • (1960) The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-communist Manifesto , pp. 38
    • Rostow, W.W.1
  • 70
    • 4744376092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • W. W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960), 38; see also C. Fohlen, "The Industrial Revolution in France," 201-25, T. J. Markovich, "The Dominant Sectors in French industry," 226-44, M. Morineau, "Was There an Agricultural Revolution in 18th-Century France?" 170-82, all in Essays in French Economic History (see note 53).
    • The Industrial Revolution in France , pp. 201-225
    • Fohlen, C.1
  • 71
    • 4744357314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • W. W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960), 38; see also C. Fohlen, "The Industrial Revolution in France," 201-25, T. J. Markovich, "The Dominant Sectors in French industry," 226-44, M. Morineau, "Was There an Agricultural Revolution in 18th-Century France?" 170-82, all in Essays in French Economic History (see note 53).
    • The Dominant Sectors in French Industry , pp. 226-244
    • Markovich, T.J.1
  • 72
    • 0013581420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Was There an agricultural revolution in 18th-century France?
    • see note 53
    • W. W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960), 38; see also C. Fohlen, "The Industrial Revolution in France," 201-25, T. J. Markovich, "The Dominant Sectors in French industry," 226-44, M. Morineau, "Was There an Agricultural Revolution in 18th-Century France?" 170-82, all in Essays in French Economic History (see note 53).
    • Essays in French Economic History , pp. 170-182
    • Morineau, M.1
  • 73
    • 4744351459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional and cultural factors in the decline of marital fertility in Europe
    • see note 27
    • B. A. Anderson, "Regional and Cultural Factors in the Decline of Marital Fertility in Europe," in The Decline of Fertility in Europe (see note 27), 305.
    • The Decline of Fertility in Europe , pp. 305
    • Anderson, B.A.1
  • 75
    • 4744348873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The beginnings of the industrial revolution in Belgium
    • see note 53
    • J. Craeybeckx, "The Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution in Belgium," Essays in French Economic History (see note 53), 187-200.
    • Essays in French Economic History , pp. 187-200
    • Craeybeckx, J.1
  • 77
    • 84977723617 scopus 로고
    • Feminism, women and the french revolution
    • Special Issue
    • R. B. Rose, "Feminism, Women and the French Revolution," Australian Journal of Politics and History 40 (Special Issue, 1994): 178-79.
    • (1994) Australian Journal of Politics and History , vol.40 , pp. 178-179
    • Rose, R.B.1
  • 80
    • 1242316491 scopus 로고
    • Peasant inheritance customs in the midlands, 1280-1700
    • ed. J. Goody, J. Thirsk, and E. P. Thompson (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 116 ff
    • C. Howell, "Peasant Inheritance Customs in the Midlands, 1280-1700," Family and Inheritance: Rural Society in Western Europe, 1200-1800, ed. J. Goody, J. Thirsk, and E. P. Thompson (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976), 116 ff.
    • (1976) Family and Inheritance: Rural Society in Western Europe, 1200-1800
    • Howell, C.1
  • 81
    • 0002446534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family structures and inheritance customs in sixteenth century France
    • (see note 70), 38 ff
    • E. le R. Ladurie, "Family Structures and Inheritance Customs in Sixteenth Century France," in Family and Inheritance (see note 70), 38 ff.
    • Family and Inheritance
    • Ladurie, E.L.R.1
  • 87
    • 0003693793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London: Macmillan
    • B. R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics: Africa, Asia and Oceania, 1750-1993 (London: Macmillan, 1998); B. R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics: Europe, 1750-2000, 5th ed. (Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003). Also the source for all other unreferenced birth rates in this article.
    • (1998) International Historical Statistics: Africa, Asia and Oceania, 1750-1993
    • Mitchell, B.R.1
  • 88
    • 0003693793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan), Also the source for all other unreferenced birth rates in this article
    • B. R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics: Africa, Asia and Oceania, 1750-1993 (London: Macmillan, 1998); B. R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics: Europe, 1750-2000, 5th ed. (Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003). Also the source for all other unreferenced birth rates in this article.
    • (2003) International Historical Statistics: Europe, 1750-2000, 5th Ed.
    • Mitchell, B.R.1
  • 102
    • 2142708568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the 'Early' decline of marital fertility in the United States
    • J. D. Hacker, "Rethinking the 'Early' Decline of Marital Fertility in the United States," Demography 40 (2003): 617.
    • (2003) Demography , vol.40 , pp. 617
    • Hacker, J.D.1
  • 109
    • 0018330839 scopus 로고
    • Romania's 1966 anti-abortion decree: The demographic experience of the first decade,"
    • B. Berelson, "Romania's 1966 Anti-Abortion Decree: The Demographic Experience of the First Decade," Population Studies 33 (1979): 209-22.
    • (1979) Population Studies , vol.33 , pp. 209-222
    • Berelson, B.1
  • 110
  • 114
    • 4744350009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The social consequences of world war I: The case of Germany
    • (see note 7)
    • W. J. Mommsen, "The Social Consequences of World War I: The Case of Germany," in Total War (see note 7), 31.
    • Total War , pp. 31
    • Mommsen, W.J.1
  • 115
    • 4744338753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women's work and the family: Women garment workers in Hamburg after the first world war
    • (see note 101)
    • R. Dasey, "Women's Work and the Family: Women Garment Workers in Hamburg after the First World War," in The German Family (see note 101), 222-23.
    • The German Family , pp. 222-223
    • Dasey, R.1
  • 117
    • 0007809563 scopus 로고
    • (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 140 ff., 162 ff
    • B. Jelavich, Modern Austria: Empire and Republic, 1815-1986 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 140 ff., 162 ff., 169-70; G. Brook-Shepherd, The Austrians: A Thousand-Year Odyssey (New York: Carrol and Graf, 1996), 23 ff.
    • (1987) Modern Austria: Empire and Republic, 1815-1986 , pp. 169-170
    • Jelavich, B.1
  • 118
    • 0039153389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (New York: Carrol and Graf), 23 ff
    • B. Jelavich, Modern Austria: Empire and Republic, 1815-1986 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 140 ff., 162 ff., 169-70; G. Brook-Shepherd, The Austrians: A Thousand-Year Odyssey (New York: Carrol and Graf, 1996), 23 ff.
    • (1996) The Austrians: A Thousand-year Odyssey
    • Brook-Shepherd, G.1
  • 120
    • 84892270296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World war II and social change in Germany
    • (see note 7), 60 ff
    • M. Roseman, "World War II and Social Change in Germany," in Total War (see note 7), 60 ff.
    • Total War
    • Roseman, M.1
  • 123
    • 84950950658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • I. B. Taeuber, The Population of Japan (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1958), 71-72.
    • (1958) The Population of Japan , pp. 71-72
    • Taeuber, I.B.1
  • 129
    • 4744368158 scopus 로고
    • Family planning programs, world review: Chile
    • E. G. Fische, L. Martinez Maldonado, and C. Toscanini Garcia, "Family Planning Programs, World Review: Chile," Studies in Family Planning 6 (1975): 267-68; R. Cruze-Coke, "The Population of Chile: Past, Present and Future," Chilean Medical Review 109 (1981): 68-72; and U.S. Library of Congress, "Chile - Attitudes toward Family and Gender," Country Studies (2003).
    • (1975) Studies in Family Planning , vol.6 , pp. 267-268
    • Fische, E.G.1    Maldonado, L.M.2    Garcia, C.T.3
  • 130
    • 17644448826 scopus 로고
    • The population of chile: Past, present and future
    • E. G. Fische, L. Martinez Maldonado, and C. Toscanini Garcia, "Family Planning Programs, World Review: Chile," Studies in Family Planning 6 (1975): 267-68; R. Cruze-Coke, "The Population of Chile: Past, Present and Future," Chilean Medical Review 109 (1981): 68-72; and U.S. Library of Congress, "Chile - Attitudes toward Family and Gender," Country Studies (2003).
    • (1981) Chilean Medical Review , vol.109 , pp. 68-72
    • Cruze-Coke, R.1
  • 131
    • 4744341235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chile - Attitudes toward family and gender
    • E. G. Fische, L. Martinez Maldonado, and C. Toscanini Garcia, "Family Planning Programs, World Review: Chile," Studies in Family Planning 6 (1975): 267-68; R. Cruze-Coke, "The Population of Chile: Past, Present and Future," Chilean Medical Review 109 (1981): 68-72; and U.S. Library of Congress, "Chile - Attitudes toward Family and Gender," Country Studies (2003).
    • (2003) Country Studies
  • 132
    • 0003875593 scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • M. Livi-Bacci, A Century of Portuguese Fertility (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1971); M. Livi-Bacci, A History of Italian Fertility during the Last Two Centuries (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1977); and A. J. Coale and R. Treadway, "A Summary of the Changing Distribution of Overall Fertility, Marital Fertility and the Proportions Married in the Provinces of Europe," in Decline of Fertility in Europe (see note 27), 31-181.
    • (1971) A Century of Portuguese Fertility
    • Livi-Bacci, M.1
  • 133
    • 0003401630 scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • M. Livi-Bacci, A Century of Portuguese Fertility (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1971); M. Livi-Bacci, A History of Italian Fertility during the Last Two Centuries (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1977); and A. J. Coale and R. Treadway, "A Summary of the Changing Distribution of Overall Fertility, Marital Fertility and the Proportions Married in the Provinces of Europe," in Decline of Fertility in Europe (see note 27), 31-181.
    • (1977) A History of Italian Fertility during the Last Two Centuries
    • Livi-Bacci, M.1
  • 134
    • 85058486835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A summary of the changing distribution of overall fertility, marital fertility and the proportions married in the provinces of Europe
    • (see note 27)
    • M. Livi-Bacci, A Century of Portuguese Fertility (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1971); M. Livi-Bacci, A History of Italian Fertility during the Last Two Centuries (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1977); and A. J. Coale and R. Treadway, "A Summary of the Changing Distribution of Overall Fertility, Marital Fertility and the Proportions Married in the Provinces of Europe," in Decline of Fertility in Europe (see note 27), 31-181.
    • Decline of Fertility in Europe , pp. 31-181
    • Coale, A.J.1    Treadway, R.2
  • 139
    • 0027943984 scopus 로고
    • Demographic shocks after communism: Eastern Germany, 1989-93
    • N. Eberstadt, "Demographic Shocks after Communism: Eastern Germany, 1989-93," Population and Development Review 20 (1994): 150.
    • (1994) Population and Development Review , vol.20 , pp. 150
    • Eberstadt, N.1
  • 140
    • 0345414475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explanations of the fertility crisis in modern societies: A search for commonalities
    • See J. C. Caldwell and T. Schindlmayr, "Explanations of the Fertility Crisis in Modern Societies: A Search for Commonalities," Population Studies 57 (2003): 241-63.
    • (2003) Population Studies , vol.57 , pp. 241-263
    • Caldwell, J.C.1    Schindlmayr, T.2
  • 141
    • 0141676213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic shifts in the Czech Republic after 1989: A second demographic transition view
    • T. Sobotka, K. Zeman, and V. Kantorovà, "Demographic Shifts in the Czech Republic after 1989: A Second Demographic Transition View," European Journal of Population 19 (2003): 249-77.
    • (2003) European Journal of Population , vol.19 , pp. 249-277
    • Sobotka, T.1    Zeman, K.2    Kantorovà, V.3
  • 142
    • 0141564798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crisis or adaption - Reconsidered: A comparison of East and West German fertility patterns in the first six years after the 'Wende,'
    • See M. Kreyenfeld, "Crisis or Adaption - Reconsidered: A Comparison of East and West German Fertility Patterns in the First Six Years after the 'Wende,'" European Journal of Population 19 (2003): 303-29.
    • (2003) European Journal of Population , vol.19 , pp. 303-329
    • Kreyenfeld, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.