Ablation of the central noradrenergic neurons for unraveling their roles in stress and anxiety

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 1129, Issue , 2008, Pages 47-54

  Itoi, Keiichi ^a  

^a TOHOKU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Ablation strategy; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Central noradrenergic neurons

Indexed keywords

2 BROMO N (2 CHLOROETHYL) N ETHYLBENZYLAMINE; IMMUNOTOXIN; OXIDOPAMINE; SAPORIN; NORADRENALIN;

ANXIETY; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BRAIN SURGERY; CENTRAL NORADRENERGIC NEURON ABLATION; CONFERENCE PAPER; DEPRESSION; LOCUS CERULEUS; NEUROENDOCRINE SYSTEM; NONHUMAN; NORADRENERGIC NERVE; PATHOGENESIS; PHYSIOLOGY; SLEEP; STRESS; WAKEFULNESS; ANIMAL; METABOLISM; NERVE CELL; PATHOLOGY; REVIEW;

ANIMALIA;

ANIMALS; ANXIETY; NEURONS; NOREPINEPHRINE; STRESS;

EID: 47249136919     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: 17496632     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1196/annals.1417.012     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (48)

1. Moore, R.Y. & J.P. Card. 1984. Noradrenaline-containing neuron systems. In Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy. A. Björklund & T. Hökfelt, Eds 123 156. Elsevier. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2. Swanson, L.W. 1976. The locus coeruleus: a cytoarchitectonic, golgi and immunohistochemical study in the albino rat. Brain Res. 110 : 39 56.
3. Berridge, C.W. & B.D. Waterhouse. 2003. The locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system: modulation of behavioral state and state-dependent cognitive process. Brain Res. Rev. 42 : 33 84.
4. Pratt, J.A. 1992. The neuroanatomical basis of anxiety. Pharmacol. Ther. 55 : 149 181.
5. Bremner, J.D., J.H. Krystal, S.M. Southwick & D.S. Charney. 1996. Noradrenergic mechanisms in stress and anxiety: I. Preclinical studies. Synapse 23 : 28 38.
6. Bremner, J.D., J.H. Krystal, S.M. Southwick & D.S. Charney. 1996. Noradrenergic mechanisms in stress and anxiety: II. Clinical studies. Synapse 23 : 39 51.
7. Dahlström, A. & K. Fuxe. 1964. Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monoamine in the cell bodies of brain stem neurons. Acta Physiol. Scand. 62 (Suppl. 232 1 55.
8. Itoi, K., Y.-Q. Jiang, Y. Iwasaki & S.J. Watson. 2004. Regulatory mechanisms of corticotropin-releasing hormone and vasopressin gene expression in the hypothalamus. J. Neuroendocrinol. 16 : 348 355.
9. Kostrzewa, R.M. & D.M. Jacobowitz. 1974. Pharmacological actions of 6-hydroxydopamine. Pharmacol. Rev. 26 : 199 288.
10. Jonsson, G., H. Hallman, F. Ponzio & S. Ross. 1981. DSP4 (N-(2chloroetyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine) - A useful denervation tool for central and peripheral nor-adrenaline neurons. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 72 : 173 188.
11. Wiley, R.G. & R.H. Kline. 2000. Neuronal lesioning with axonally transported toxins. J. Neurosci. Methods 103 : 73 82.
12. Itoi, K., S. Suzuki, I. Otaki, et al. 2007. Differential involvements of the locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic (NA) system in anxiety-related behaviors and neuroendocrine stress-responses. A study using a novel method for selective ablation of the NA neurons in the LC. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 734.27.
13. Redmond, D.E., Y.H. Huang, D.R. Snyder & J.W. Maas. 1976. Behavioral effects of stimulations of the nucleus locus coeruleus in the stump-tailed monkey Macaca arctoides. Brain Res. 116 : 502 510.
14. Mason, S.T. & H.C. Fibiger. 1979. Current concepts. I. Anxiety: the locus coeruleus disconnection. Life Sci. 25 : 2141 2147.
15. Rasmussen, K. & B.L. Jacobs. 1986. Single unit activity of locus coeruleus neurons in the freely moving cat. II. Conditioning and pharmacologic studies. Brain Res. 371 : 335 344.
16. Rasmussen, K., D.A. Morilak & B.L. Jacobs. 1986. Single unit activity of locus coeruleus neurons in the freely moving cat. I. During naturalistic behaviors and in response to simple and complex stimuli. Brain Res. 371 : 324 334.
17. Pezzone, M.A., W.S. Lee, G.E. Hoffman, et al. 1993. Activation of brainstem catecholaminergic neurons by conditioned and unconditioned aversive stimuli as revealed by c-Fos immunoreactivity. Brain Res. 608 : 310 318.
18. Valentino, R.J., M. Page, E. Van Bockstaele & G. Aston-Jones. 1992. Corticotropin-releasing factor innervation of the locus coeruleus region: distribution of fibers and sources of input. Neuroscience 48 : 689 705.
19. Van Bockstaele, E.J., J. Peoples & R.J. Valentino. 1999. Anatomic basis for differential regulation of the rostrolateral peri-locus coeruleus region by limbic afferents. Biol. Psychiatry 46 : 1352 1363.
20. Jedema, H.P. & A.A. Grace. 2004. Corticotropin-releasing hormone directly activates noradrenergic neurons of the locus ceruleus recorded in vitro. J. Neurosci. 24 : 9703 9713.
21. Boehnlein, J.K. & J.D. Kinzie. 2007. Pharmacologic reduction of CNS noradrenergic activity in PTSD: the case for clonidine and prazosin. J. Psychiatr. Pract. 13 : 72 78.
22. Aston-Jones, G., M. Ennis, V.A. Pieribone, et al. 1980. The brain nucleus locus coeruleus: restricted afferent control of a broad efferent network. Science 234 : 734 737.
23. Luppi, P.H., G. Aston-Jones, H. Akaoka, et al. 1995. Afferent projections to the rat locus coeruleus demonstrated by retrograde and anterograde tracing with cholera-toxin B subunit and Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. Neuroscience 65 : 119 160.
24. Pilowsky, P.M. & A.K. Goodchild. 2002. Baroreceptor reflex pathways and neurotransmitters: 10 years on. J. Hypertens 20 : 1675 1688.
25. Guyenet, PG. 2000. Neural structures that mediate sympathoexcitation during hypoxia. Respir. Pysiol. 121 : 147 162.
26. Burbach, J.P.H., S.M. Luckman, D. Murphy & H. Gainer. 2001. Gene regulation in the magnocellular hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system. Physiol. Rev. 81 : 1197 1267.
27. Cunningham, E.T. & P.E. Sawchenko. 1988. Anatomical specificity of noradrenergic inputs to the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the rat hypothalamus. J. Comp. Neurol. 274 : 60 76.
28. Ericsson, A., K.J. Kovacs & P.E. Sawchenko. 1994. A functional anatomical analysis of central pathways subserving the effects of interleukin-1 on stress-related neuroendocrine neurons. J. Neurosci. 14 : 897 913.
29. Darlington, D.N., J. Shinsako & M.F. Dallman. 1986. Medullary lesions eliminate ACTH responses to hypotensive hemorrhage. Am. J. Physiol. 251 : R106 R115.
30. Li, H.Y., A. Ericsson & P.E. Sawchenko. 1996. Distinct mechanisms underlie activation of hypothalamic neurosecretory neurons and their medullary catecholaminergic afferents in categorically different stress paradigms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 : 2359 2364.
31. Swanson, L.W., P.E. Sawchenko & R.W. Lind. 1986. Regulation of multiple peptides in CRF parvocellular neurosecretory neurons: implications for the stress response. Prog. Brain Res. 68 : 169 190.
32. Engelbrecht, A.H., V. Russell, M.E. Carstens et al. 1994. Evidence that noradrenergic neurons in the A1 and A2 nuclei are lesioned by low doses of 6-OHDA injected into the locus coeruleus. J. Neurosci. Methods 52 : 57 60.
33. Ungerstedt, U. 1968. 6-Hydroxydopamine induced degeneration of central monoamine neurons. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 5 : 107 110.
34. Soto-Otero, R., E. Méndez-Alvarez, A. Hermida-Ameijeiras, et al. 2000. Autoxidation and neurotoxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine in the presence of some antioxidants: potential implication in relation to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. J. Neurochem. 74 : 1605 1612.
35. Glinka, Y., K.F. Tipton & M.B. Youdim. 1996. Nature of inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex I by 6-hydroxydopamine. J. Neurochem. 66 : 2004 2010.
36. Rückert, N., M. Bubser & W.J. Schmidt. 1997. 6-Hydroxydopamine lesion of locus coeruleus and the antiparkinsonian potential of NMDA-receptor antagonists in rats. J. Neural Transm. 104 : 363 377.
37. Britton, D.R., C. Ksir, K.T. Britton, et al. 1984. Brain norepinephrine depleting lesions selectively enhance behavioral responsiveness to novelty. Physiol. Behav. 33 : 473 478.
38. Ross, S.B. & A.L. Renyi. 1976. On the long-lasting inhibitory effect of N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4) on the active uptake of nor-adrenaline. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 28 : 458 459.
39. Ross, S.B. 1976. Long-term effects of N-2-chloroethyl-N-ethyl-2- bromobenzylamine hydrochloride on noradrenergic neurons in the rat brain and heart. Br. J. Pharmacol. 58 : 521 527.
40. Jaim-Etcheverry, G. & L.M. Zieher. 1980. DSP-4: a novel compound with neurotoxic effects on noradrenergic neurons of adult and developing rats. Brain Res. 188 : 513 523.
41. Fritschy, J.-M. & R. Grzanna. 1989. Immunohistochemical analysis of the neurotoxic effects of DSP-4 identifies two populations of noradrenergic axon terminals. Neuroscience 30 : 181 197.
42. Fritschy, J.-M. & R. Grzanna. 1992. Restoration of ascending noradrenergic projections by residual locus coeruleus neurons: compensatory response to neurotoxin-induced cell death in the adult rat brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 321 : 421 441.
43. Delini-Stula, A., E. Mogilnicka, C. Hunn & D.J. Dooley. 1984. Novelty-oriented behavior in the rat after selective damage of locus coeruleus projections by DSP-4, a new noradrenergic neurotoxin. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 20 : 613 618.
44. Harro, J., L. Oreland, E. Vasar & J. Bradwejn. 1995. Impaired exploratory behaviour after DSP-4 treatment in rats: implications for the increased anxiety after nor-adrenergic denervation. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 5 : 447 455.
45. Pellow, S., P. Chopin, S.E. File & M. Briley. 1985. Validation of open:closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat. J. Neurosci. Methods 14 : 149 167.
46. Lapiz, M.D., Y. Mateo, S. Durkin, et al. 2001. Effects of central noradrenaline depletion by the selective neurotoxin DSP-4 on the behaviour of the isolated rat in elevated plus maze and water maze. Psychopharmacology 155 : 251 259.
47. Li, A.-J., Q. Wang & S. Ritter. 2006. Differential responsiveness of dopamine-β-hydroxylase gene expression to glucoprivation in different catecholamine cell groups. Endocrinology 147 : 3428 3434.
48. Kobayashi, K., S. Morita, H. Sawada, et al. 1995. Immunotoxin-mediated conditioned disruption of specific neurons in transgenic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92 : 1132 1136.