Boldenone, testosterone and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione determination in faeces from horses, untreated and after administration of androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (boldione)

Biomedical Chromatography

Volumn 22, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 662-670

  Popot, Marie A ^a   Boyer, S ^a   Menaut, L ^a   Garcia, P ^a   Bonnaire, Y ^a   Lesage, D ^b  

^a LCH   (France)

^b CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

1,4 androstadiene 3,17 dione; Boldenone; Boldione; Faeces; Gas chromatography mass spectrometry; Horse; Testosterone

Indexed keywords

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY;

1,4-ANDROSTADIENE-3,17-DIONE; BOLDENONE; BOLDIONE; DOPING CONTROL; FECES; GASCHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; HORSE; IN-CONTROL; SEMI-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; TESTOSTERONE;

ISOMERS;

17ALPHA BOLDENONE; 17BETA BOLDENONE; ANDROGEN; BOLDENONE; BOLDIONE; ETHER; TESTOSTERONE;

ANESTRUS; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DERIVATIZATION; DIESTRUS; DOPING; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG FECES LEVEL; DRUG ISOLATION; DRUG PURIFICATION; DRUG URINE LEVEL; ELECTROSPRAY MASS SPECTROMETRY; FECES ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; GELDING; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HORMONE SYNTHESIS; HORSE; ISOMER; MALE; MARE; NONHUMAN; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SEPARATION TECHNIQUE; STALLION; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY;

EQUIDAE; SUIDAE;

EID: 46949086206     PISSN: 02693879     EISSN: 10990801     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/bmc.985     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Arts CJM, Schilt R, Schreurs M and Van Ginkel LA. Boldenone is a naturally occurring (anabolic) steroids in cattle. In: Proceedings of the Euroresidue III Conference, Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Food, Veldhoven, Haagsma N and Ruiter A (eds), 1996; 212.
2. De Brabander H, Poelmans S, Schilt R, Stephany RW, Le Bizec B, Draisci R, Sterk SS, Van Ginkel LA, Courthern D, Van Hoof N, Macri A and De Wasch K. Presence and metabolism of the anabolic steroid boldenone in various animal species: a review. Food Additives and Contaminants 2004; 21(6): 515.
3. Dehennin L, Bonnaire Y, Plou P, Ho ENM, Yiu KCH and Wan TSM. Urinary excretion of endogenous boldenone by entire male horses: identification and quantification by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of Racing Analysts and Veterinarians, Florida, 2003; 58.
4. Dumasia MC and Houghton E. Biotransformation of 1-dehydrotestosterone in the equine male castrate: identification of the neutral unconjugated and glucuronic acid conjugated metabolites in horse urine. Biomedical and Environnemental Mass Spectrometry1988; 17(5): 383.
5. Ho ENM, Yiu KCH, Tang FPW, Wan TSM, Dehennin L, Piou P and Bonnaire Y. Endogenous boldenone in the entire male horse. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of Racing Analysts and Veterinarians, Florida, 2003; 49.
6. Ho ENM, Yiu KCH, Tang FPW, Dehennin L, Piou P, Bonnaire Y and Wan TSM. Detection of endogenous boldenone in the entire male horses. Journal of Chromatography B 2004; 808(2): 287.
7. Kim Y, Jun M and Lee W. Characterisation of boldione and its metabolites in human urine by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Rapid Communication in Mass Spectrometry 2006; 20(1): 9.
8. Labrie F, Luu-The V, Lin SX, Labrie C, Simard J, Breton R and Belanger A. The key role of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in sex steroid biology. Steroids 1997; 62: 148.
9. Leyssens L, Royackers E, Gielen B, Missotten M, Schoofs J, Gzech J, Noben JP, Hendriks L and Raus J. Metabolites of 4-chlorotestosterone acetate in cattle urine as diagnostic markers for its illegal use. Journal of Chromatography B 1994; 654(1): 43.
10. Nielen MWF, Rutgers P, Van Bennekom EO, Lasaroms JP and Van Rhijn JA. Confirmatory analysis of 17beta-boldenone, 17alphaboldenone and androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione in bovine urine, faeces, feed and skin swab samples by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B 2004; 801: 273.
11. 14C-steroid hormones via faeces and urine in domestic livestock. Animal Reproduction Science 1996; 43: 43.
12. Pereira RJG, Duarte JMD and Negrao JA. Seasonal changes in fecal testosterone concentrations and their relationship to the reproductive behaviour, antler cycle and grouping patternsin free-ranging male Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus bezoarticus). Theriogenology 2005; 63(8): 2113.
13. Poelmans S, De Wasch K, Noppe H, Van Hoof N, Van Cruchten S, Le Bizec B, Deceuninck Y, Sterk S, Van Rossum HJ, Hoffman MK and De Brabander HF. Endogenous occurrence of some anabolic steroids in swine matrices. Food Additives and Contaminants 2005; 22(9): 808.
14. Pompa G, Arioli F, Fracchiolla ML, Scoifo Rossi CA, Bassini AL, Stella S and Bionda PA. Neotransformation of boldenone and related steroids in faeces. Food Additives and Contaminants 2006; 23(2): 126.
15. Popot MA, Stoljilkovic N, Garcia P, Bonnaire Y and Tabet JC. First mass spectrometric detection of boldenone in horse mane samples. Chromatographia 2003; 57: 255.
16. Popot MA, Boyer S, Michel S, Garcia P and Bonnaire Y. Approaches to the detection of drugs in horse faeces. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference of Racing Analysts and Veterinarians, Dubai, 2005; 481.
17. Pu F, Mc Kinney AR. Stenhouse AM, Suann CJ and McLeod MD. Direct detection of boldenone sulfate and glucuronide conjugates in horse urine by ion trap liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B 2004; 813(1-2): 241.
18. Schänzer W, Geyer H, Gotzmann A, Horning S, Marek-Engelke U, Nitschke R, Nolteernsting E and Donike M. Endogenous production and excretion of boldenone (17beta-hydroxyandostra-1,4-dien-3-one), an anabolic androgenic steroid. In: Donike M, Geyer H, Gotzmann A and Marek-Engelke U (eds), Proceedings of the 12th Cologne Workshop in Dope Analysis. Sport und Buch Strauss: Köln, 1994.
19. 2 analysis in kidney fat, urine and faeces. Chromatographia 2004; 59(suppl.): S85.
20. Van Puymbroeck M, Kuilman MEM, Maas RFM, Witkamp RF, Leyssens L, Vanderzande D, Gelan J and Raus J. Identification of some important metabolites of boldenone in urine and feces of cattle by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analyst 1998a; 123(12): 2681.
21. Van Puymbroeck M, Leyssens L, Vanderzande D, Gelan J and Raus J. Metabolites in feces can be important markers for the abuse of anabolic steroids in cattle. Analyst 1998b; 123(12): 2449.
22. Weidolf LO, Lee ED and Henion JD. Determination of boldenone sulfoconjugate and related steroid sulfates in equine urine by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Biomedical and Environnemental Mass Spectrometry 1998; 15(5): 283.