The effect of low energy electric shock on cortisol, β-endorphin, heart rate and behaviour of cattle

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

Volumn 113, Issue 1-3, 2008, Pages 32-42

  Lee, Caroline ^a   Fisher, Andrew D ^a   Reed, Matt T ^a   Henshall, John M ^a  

^a CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

Cortisol; Electric shock; Electronic collars; Stress; Virtual fencing

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIOR; CATTLE; ELECTRICAL PROPERTY; ENERGY; MEASUREMENT METHOD; STRESS;

ANIMALIA; BOS;

EID: 46849094901     PISSN: 01681591     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2007.10.002     Document Type: Article

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