The burden of adult hypertension in the United States 1999 to 2000: A rising tide

Hypertension

Volumn 44, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 398-404

  Fields, Larry E ^a,b   Burt, Vicki L ^c   Cutler, Jeffery A ^d   Hughes, Jeffrey ^e   Roccella, Edward J ^d   Sorlie, Paul ^d  

^a U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS   (United States)

^d NATIONAL HEART LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE   (United States)

^e Orkand Corporation   (United States)

Author keywords

Blood pressure; Hypertension, detection and control

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT;

ADULT; AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL CARE; OBESITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; AGED; COST OF ILLNESS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 4644242120     PISSN: 0194911X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000142248.54761.56     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr, Roccella EJ; Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42:1206-1252.
2. American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2004 Update. Dallas, Tex.: American Heart Association; 2003:17.
3. Wolz M, Cutler J, Roccella EJ, Rohde F, Thorn T, Burt V. Statement from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program: prevalence of hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2000;13(1 Pt 1):103-104.
4. Paramore LC, Halpern MT, Lapuerta P, Hurley JS, Frost FJ, Fairchild DG, Bates D. Impact of poorly controlled hypertension on healthcare resource utilization and cost. Am J Manag Care. 2001;7:389-398.
5. Hodgson TA, Cai L. Medical care expenditures for hypertension, its complications, and its comorbidities. Med Care. 2001;39:599-615.
6. Hajjar I, Kotchen TA. Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the United States, 1988-2000. JAMA. 2003;290:199-206.
7. Appel LJ, Champagne CM, Harsha DW, Cooper LS, Obarzanek E, Elmer PJ, Stevens VJ, Vollmer WM, Lin PH, Svetkey LP, Stedman SW, Young DR; Writing Group of the PREMIER Collaborative Research Group. Effects of comprehensive lifestyle modification on blood pressure control: main results of the PREMIER clinical trial. JAMA. 2003;289:2083-2093.
8. Whelton SP, Chin A, Xin X, He J. Effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:493-503.
9. US Department of Commerce, US Census Bureau. Population Division. Population estimates by national, and characteristics. Table 1. Internet Release Date: June 18, 2003; http://eire.census.gov/popest/data/national/tables/asro/ NA-EST2002-ASRO-01.xls. Accessed January 28, 2004. Table 2. http://eire.census. gov/popest/data/national/tables/asro/NA-EST2002-ASRO-02.php. Table 3. http://eire.census.gov/popest/data/ national/tables/asro/NA-EST2002-ASRO-03.php. Accessed January 28, 2004. Table DP-1. http://www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/ c2kprof00-us.pdf. Accessed January 28, 2004.
10. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Data Services with the Population Estimates Program of the U.S. Census Bureau with support from the National Cancer Institute. National Vital Statistics System. U.S. Census populations with bridged race categories. Bridged-race intercensal population estimates for July 1, 1999. http:// www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/dvs/ popbridge/popbridge.htm. 2003. Accessed February 29, 2004.
11. US Census Bureau of the US Department of Commerce. (NP-T3-B) Projections of the Total Resident Population by 5-Year Age Groups, and Sex with Special Age Categories: Middle Series, 2001 to 2005. Population Projections Program, Population Division. Internet Release Date: January 13, 2000. http://www.census.gov/population/projections/nation/summary/np-t3-b.pdf. Accessed January 28, 2004.
12. Ostchega Y, Prineas RJ, Paulose-Ram R, Grim CM, Willard G, Collins D. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000: effect of observer training and protocol standardization on reducing blood pressure measurement error. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;56:768-774.
13. Armitage P, Fox W, Rose GA, Tinker CM. The variability of measurements of casual blood pressure. II. Survey experience. Clin Sci. 1966;30:337-344.
14. Anderson RN, Rosenberg HM. Age standardization of death rates: implementation of the year 2000 standard. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 1998;47:1-16, 20.
15. The State of Health Care Quality 2003: Industry trends and analysis. Controlling high blood pressure. Washington, DC: National Committee for Quality Assurance; 2003:33.
16. McGlynn EA, Asch SM, Adams J, Keesey J, Hicks J, DeCristofaro A, Kerr EA. The quality of health care delivered to adults in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:2635-2645.
17. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2003. Table 68. DHHS Publication No. 2003-1232. 2003:230-233.
18. Wright JD, Kennedy-Stephenson, McDowell, Johnson CL. Trends in intake of energy and macronutrients - United States, 1971-2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000;53:80-82.
19. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2003. Table 51. DHHS Publication No. 2003-1232. 2003. January 4, 2004 on-line update, http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/ hus03.pdf. Accessed February 29, 2004.
20. Nakamura M, Aoki N, Yamada T, Kubo N. Feasibility and effect on blood pressure of 6-week trial of low sodium soy sauce and miso (fermented soybean paste). Circ J. 2003;67:530-534.
21. Chobanian AV, Hill M. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop on Sodium and Blood Pressure: a critical review of current scientific evidence. Hypertension. 2000;35:858-863.
22. Iso H, Shimamoto T, Naito Y, Sato S, Kitamura A, Iida M, Konishi M, Jacobs DR Jr, Komachi Y. Effects of a long-term hypertension control program on stroke incidence and prevalence in a rural community in northeastern Japan. Stroke. 1998;29:1510-1518.
23. Shimbo S, Hatai I, Saito T, Yokota M, Imai Y, Watanabe T, Moon CS, Zhang ZW, Ikeda M. Shift in sodium chloride sources in past 10 years of salt reduction campaign in Japan. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1996;180:249-259.
24. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium Chloride, and Sulfate. Panel on Dietary Reference Intakes for Electrolytes and Water. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary References Intake. Food and Nutrition Board. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2003:1-532.
25. Geleijnse JM, Hofman A, Witteman JC, Hazebroek AA, Valkenburg HA, Grobbee DE. Long-term effects of neonatal sodium restriction on blood pressure. Hypertension. 1997;29:913-917; Erratum in Hypertension. 1997;29:1211.
26. Geleijnse JM, Hofman A, Witteman JC, Hazebroek AA, Valkenburg HA, Grobbee DE. Long-term effects of neonatal sodium restriction on blood pressure. Hypertension. 1997;29:913-917; Erratum in Hypertension. 1997;29:1211.
27. Appel LJ, Espeland MA, Easter L, Wilson AC, Folmar S, Lacy CR. Effects of reduced sodium intake on hypertension control in older individuals: results from the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly (TONE). Arch Intern Med, 2001;161:685-693.
28. Whelton PK, He J, Appel LJ, Cutler JA, Havas S, Kotchen TA, Roccella EJ, Stout R, Vallbona C, Winston MC, Karimbakas J. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Primary prevention of hypertension: clinical and public health advisory from The National High Blood Pressure Education Program. JAMA. 2002;288:1882-1888.
29. Labarthe D, Ayala C. Nondrug interventions in hypertension prevention and control. Cardiol Clin. 2002;20:249-263.
30. Hooper L, Bartlett C, Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. Reduced dietary salt for prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;CD003656.
31. Krakoff LR, Wassertheil-Smoller S. Defining the patient group for cost-effective withdrawal of antihypertensive therapy. Pharmacoeconomics. 1995;7:221-228.
32. Healey JS, Connolly SJ. Atrial fibrillation: hypertension as a causative agent, risk factor for complications, and potential therapeutic target. Am J Cardiol. 2003;91:9G-14G.