Intercollegiate female coaches' use of verbally aggressive communication toward African American female athletes

Howard Journal of Communications

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 105-124

  Ruggiero, Thomas E ^a   Lattin, Kristi Shanita ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO   (United States)

Author keywords

African American females; Gender; Race; Sports; Verbally aggressive communication

Indexed keywords

EID: 46249101914     PISSN: 10646175     EISSN: 10964649     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10646170801990946     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Albrecht, T. L. & Adelman, M. B. (1987). Communicating social support. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
2. Birrell, S. (1989). Racial relations theories and sport: Suggestions for a more critical analysis. Sociology of Sport Journal, 6, 212-227.
3. Birrell, S. & Theberge, N. (1994). Ideological control of women in sport. In M. Costa & S. Guthrie (Eds.), Women and sport: Interdisciplinary perspectives (pp. 341-359). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
4. Black, S. J. & Weiss, M. R. (1992). The relationship among perceived coaching behaviors, perceptions of ability, and motivation in competitive age-group swimmers. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 14, 309-325.
5. Brackenridge, C. (1997a). He owned me basically... International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 32, 115-130.
6. Brackenridge, C. (1997b). Sexual harassment and sexual abuse in sport. In G. Clarke & B. Humberstone (Eds.), Researching women and sport. London: Macmillan.
7. Burgoon, J. K. (1994). Nonverbal signals. In M. L. Knapp & G. R. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of interpersonal communication (pp. 344-390). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
8. Burgoon, M., Parrot, R., Burgoon, J. K., Birk, T., Pfau, M., & Coker, R. (1990). Primary care physicians' selection of verbal compliance-gaining strategies. Health Communication, 2, 13-28.
9. Burgoon, M., Parrot, R., Burgoon, J. K., Coker, R., Pfau, M., & Birk, T. (1990). Patients' severity of illness, noncompliance, and locus of control and physicians' compliance-gaining messages. Health Communication, 2, 29-47.
10. Center for the Study of Sport in Society (2001). Retrieved December 7, 2001, from http://www.sportinsociety.org/files/completeformat.doc
11. Chaboyer, W. P. & Patterson, E. (2001). Australian hospital generalist and critical care nurses' perceptions of doctor-nurse collaboration. Nurse Health Science, 3(2), 73-79.
12. Cole, C. L. (1993). Resisting the canon: Feminist cultural studies, sport and technologies of the body. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 17, 77-97.
13. Davis, L. R. & Harris, O. (1998). Race and ethnicity in U.S. sports media. In L. Wenner (Ed.), Mediasport (pp. 154-169). London: Routledge.
14. Denham, B. E., Billings, A. C, & Halone, K. K. (2002). Differential accounts of race in broadcast commentary of the 2000 Mens' and Womens' Final Four Basketball Tournaments. Sociology of Sport Journal, 19, 315-332.
15. Devine, P. G. (2001). Implicit prejudice and stereotyping: How automatic are they? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 757-759.
16. Duncan, M. C. & Messner, M. A. (1998). The media image of sport and gender. In L. Wenner (Ed.), Mediasport (pp. 170-186). London: Routledge.
17. Duncan, M. C, Messner, M. A., Williams, L., & Jensen, K. (1990). Gender stereotyping in televised sports. Los Angeles, CA: The Amateur Athletic Foundation of Los Angeles.
18. Eastman, S. T. & Billings, A. C. (2001). Biased voices of sports: Racial and gender stereotyping in college basketball announcing. The Howard Journal of Communications, 12, 183-201.
19. Everhart, C. B. & Chelladurai, P. (1998). Gender differences in preferences of coaching as an occupation: The role of self-efficacy, valence, and perceived barriers. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 69, 188-200.
20. Fridlund, B. & Hildingh, C. (2000). Qualitative research methods in the service of health. Lund, Sweden: Student litteratur.
21. Granito, V. J. (2002). Psychological response to athletic injury: Gender differences. Journal of Sport Behavior, 25, 243-260.
22. Hall, M. A. (1996). Feminism and sporting bodies: Essays on theory and practice. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
23. Hargreaves, J. A. (1994). Sporting females: Critical issues in the history and sociology of women's sports. London: Routledge.
24. Huffman, S., Tuggle, C A., & Rosengard, D. S. (2004). How campus media cover sports: The gender-equity issue, one generation later. Mass Communication & Society, 7, 475-489.
25. Infante, D. A. (1995). Teaching students to understand and control verbal aggression. Communication Education, 44, 51-64.
26. Infante, D. A., Anderson, C. M., Martin, M. M., Herington, A. D., & Kim, J. K. (1993). Subordinates' satisfaction and perceptions of superiors' compliance-gaining strategies, argumentativeness, verbal aggressiveness, and style. Management Communication Quarterly, 6, 307-326.
27. Infante, D. A, Chandler, T. A., & Rudd, J. E. (1989). Test of an argumentative skill deficiency model of interpersonal violence. Communication Monographs, 56, 163-177.
28. Infante, D. A. & Gordon W. I. (1991). How employees see the boss: Test of an argu-mentativeness and affirming model of supervisors' communicative behavior. Western Journal of Speech Communication, 55, 294-304.
29. Infante, D, A. & Wigley, C. J. (1986). Verbal aggressiveness: An interpersonal model and measure. Communication Monographs, 53, 61-69.
30. Kane, M. J. & Lenskyj, H. J. (1998). Media treatment of female athletes: Issues of gender and sexualities. In L. Warner (Ed.), Mediasport(pp. 186-201). London: Routledge.
31. Kawakami, K. & Dovidio, J. (2001). The reliability of implicit stereotyping. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 212-225.
32. Koivula, N. (2001). Perceived characteristics of sports categorized as gender-neutral, feminine and masculine. Journal of Sport Behaviour, 24, 377-393.
33. Kvale, S. (1997). Den Kvalitativa Forskningsintervjun (The Qualitative Research Interview). Lund, Sweden: Student litteratur.
34. Lambert, A., Payne, B., Jacoby, L., Shaffer, L., Chasteen, A., & Khan, S. (2003). Stereotypes as dominant responses: On the "social facilitation" of prejudice in anticipated public contexts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 277-295.
35. Lenskyj, H. J. (1994). Girl-friendly sport and female values. Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal, 3, 35-45.
36. Lindloff, T. R. (1995). Qualitative communication research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
37. Lowery, B., Hardin, C., & Sinclair, S. (2001). Social influence effects on automatic racial prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 842-855.
38. Lule, J. (1995). The rape of Mike Tyson: Race, the press and symbolic types. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 12, 176-195.
39. Martin, M. M., Anderson, C. M., & Horvath, C. L. (1996). Feelings about verbal aggression: Justifications for sending and hurt from receiving verbally aggressive messages. Communication Research Reports, 13, 19-26.
40. Marton, F. (1981). Phenomenography: Describing conceptions of the world around us. Communicational Science, 10, 177-200.
41. Marton, F. (1994). Phenomenography. In T. Husén & T. N. Postlethwaite (Eds.), The international encyclopedia of education (pp. 4424-4429). Oxford, England: Pergamon Press.
42. Marton, F. & Booth, S. (1997). Learning and awareness. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
43. McCarthy, D. & Jones, R. L. (1997). Speed, aggression, strength, and tactical naivete. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 21, 348-362.
44. Messner, M. A. (1988). Sports and male domination: The female athlete as contested ideological terrain. Sociology of Sport Journal, 5, 197-211.
45. Murrell, A. J. & Curtis, E. M. (1994). Causal attributions of performance for Black and White quarterbacks in the NFL: A look at the sports pages. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 18, 224-233.
46. Myers, S. A. & Knox, R. L. (1999). Verbal aggression in the college classroom: Perceived instructor use and student affective learning. Communication Quarterly, 47, 33-45.
47. Myers, S. A. & Rocca, K. A. (2000). The relationship between perceived instructor communicator style, argumentativeness, and verbal aggressiveness. Communication Research Reports, 17, 1-12
48. Olofsson, E. (1989). Do women have a sporting chance? Organized sport and women in Sweden in the 20th Century. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden.
49. Passer, M. W. (1982). Children in sport: Participation motives and psychological stress. Quest, 33, 231-244.
50. Rada, J. A. (1996). Color blind-sided: Racial bias in network television's coverage of professional football games. Howard Journal of Communications, 7, 231-239.
51. Rada, J. A. (2000). A new piece to the puzzle: Examining effects of television portrayals of African Americans. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 44, 704-715.
52. Rada, J. A. & Wulfemeyer, K. T. (2005). Color coded: Racial descriptors in television coverage of intercollegiate sports. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 49, 65-85.
53. Rocca, K. A. & McCroskey, J. C. (1999). The interrelationship of student ratings of instructors' immedicacy, verbal aggressiveness, homophily, and interpersonal attraction. Communication Education, 48, 308-316.
54. Rosenfeld, L. B,, Richman, J. M., & Hardy, C. H. (1989). Examining social support networks among athletes: Description and relationship to stress. Sport Psychologist, 3, 23-33.
55. Ryska, T. A. & Yin, Z. (1994). Measuring perceived coach support: Sport-modification of the social provisions scale. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport Supplement, 65, 90-91.
56. Sabo, D., Jansen, S., Tate, D., Duncan, M., & Leggett, S. (1996). Televising international sport: Race, ethnicity, and nationalistic bias. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 21, 7-21.
57. Scanlan, T. K. & Lewthwaite, R. (1984). Social psychological aspects of competition for male youth sport participants: I. Predictors of competitive stress. Journal of Sport Psychology, 6, 208-226.
58. Scanlan, T. K. & Lewthwaite, R. (1989). From stress to enjoyment: Parental and coach influences on young participants. In E. W. Brown & C. F. Branta (Eds.), Competitive sports for children and youth. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishing.
59. Schell, L. A. (2001). (Dis) empowering image? Media representations of women in sport. Retrieved January 18, 2007, from www.womensportsfoundation.org.
60. Schneider, D. E. & Beaubien, R. A. (1996). A naturalistic investigation of compliance-gaining strategies employed by doctors in medical interviews. Southern Communication Journal, 61, 332-341.
61. Scraton, S., Fasting, K., Pfister, G., & Bunuel, A. (1999). It's still a man's game? The experiences of top-level European women footballers. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 34, 99-111.
62. Srull, T. K. & Wyer, R. S. (1986). The role of chronic and temporary goals in social information processing. In R. Sorrentino & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition (pp. 503-549). New York: Guilford.
63. Straus, M., Sweet, S., & Vissing, Y. (1989). Verbally aggressive communication against spouses and children in a nationally representative sample of American families. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Speech Communication Association, San Francisco, CA.
64. Taylor, A. J. & Bogdan, R. (1984). Introduction to qualitative research methods: The search for meanings. New York: Wiley.
65. Toch, H. (1969). Violent men. Chicago: Aldine.
66. Tuggle, C. A. & Owen, A. (1999). A descriptive analysis of NBC's coverage of the centennial Olympics: The "games of the women." Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 23, 171-182.
67. Turman, P. D. (2003). Athletic coaching from a communication perspective: The influence of coach experience on high school wrestlers' preferences and perceptions of coaching behaviors across a season. Communication Education, 52, 73-86.
68. Weiss, M. R. & Troxel, R. K. (1986). Psychology of the injured athlete. Journal of Athletic Training, Summer, 104-109.
69. Wenestam, C. G. (2000). The phenomenographic method in health research. In B. Fridlund & C. Hildingh (Eds.), Qualitative research methods in the service of health (pp. 97-115). Lund, Sweden: Studentlitteratur.
70. Whannel, G. (2000). Sport and the media. In J. Coakely & E. Dunnings (Eds.), Hand-hook of sports studies (pp. 291-308). London: Sage.
71. Willmann, C. & Zipprich, C. (1995). Trainerinnen im Volleyball: Wo sind Sie zu fin-den? In M.-L. Klein (Ed.), 'Karrieren' von Madchen und Frauen im Sport. 2. Tagung der dvs-Kommission 'Frauenforschung in der Sportwissenschaft' vom 24.-26.6 1994 in Padeborn, Sankt Augustin, Germany: Academica.
72. Zillmann, D. (1979). Hostility and aggression. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.