Observations on the prenatal development of human lymphatic vessels with focus on basic structural elements of lymph flow

Lymphatic Research and Biology

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 89-95

  Petrenko, Valerii M ^a   Gashev, Anatoliy A ^b,c  

^a NORTH WESTERN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER I I MECHNIKOV   (Russian Federation)

^b TEXAS A M COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c Texas A and M College of Medicine   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN; LEG; LYMPH FLOW; LYMPH VESSEL; LYMPHATIC SYSTEM; MESENTERY LYMPH NODE; MUSCLE CELL; NONHUMAN; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; THORACIC DUCT; VENOUS CIRCULATION;

HUMANS; LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHATIC SYSTEM; LYMPHATIC VESSELS; MUSCLE, SMOOTH;

EID: 45749129748     PISSN: 15396851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2008.1001     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Aas M, Skretting A, Engeset A, Westgaard R, Nicolaysen G. Lymphatic drainage from subcutaneous tissue in the foot and leg in the sitting human. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 1985;125:501-511.
2. Albertine KH, O'Morchoe CCC. Renal lymphatic ultrastructure and translymphatic transport. Microvascular Res. 1980;19:338-351.
3. Alessandrini, C., Gerli R, Sacchi G, Ibba L, Pucci AM, Fruschelli C. Cholinergic and adrenergic innervation of mesenterial lymph vessels in guinea pig. Lymphology 1981;14:1-6.
4. Casley-Smith, J.R., The structure of normal large lymphatics: How this determines their permeabilities and their ability to transport lymph. Lymphology 1969;2:15-25.
5. El Zawahry, M.D., Sayed NM, El-Awady HM, Abdel-Latif A, El-Gindy M. A study of the gross, microscopic and functional anatomy of the thoracic duct and the lympho-venous junction. Int Surg. 1983;68:135-138.
6. Fruschelli C, Simoni P. On the ultrastructure of the lymphatic vessels of the rat. Mesenteric collectors and thoracic duct. (In Italian). Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1970;46:809-812.
7. Gnepp D, Green F. Scanning electron microscopic study of canine lymphatic vessels and their valves. Lymphology 1980;13:91-99.
8. Horstmann E, Uber die funktinelle Struktur der mesenterialen Lymphgefasse. (In German). Morphologisches Jachrbuch 1952;91:483-510.
9. Huth F, Bernhardt D. The anatomy of lymph vessels in relation to function. Lymphology 1977;10:54-61.
10. Lauweryns, J.M., Stereomicroscope funnel-like architecture of pulmonary lymphatic valves. Lymphology 1971;4:125-132.
11. Lee SH, Wen HJ, Shen CL. Ultrastructure of the monkey thoracic duct and the cisterna chyli. J Anat 1993;182(Pt 2): 205-212.
12. Mazzoni MC, Skalak TC, Schmid-Schonbein GW. Structure of lymphatic valves in the spinotrapezius muscle of the rat. Blood Vessels 1987;24:304-312.
13. McHale NG. Lymphatic innervation. Blood Vessels 1990; 27:127-136.
14. Mislin H. Structural and functional relations of the mesenteric lymph vessels. New Trends in Basic Lymphology; Proceedings of a Symposium held at Charleroi (Belgium); July 11-13, 1966. Experientia, 1966. Suppl. 14: p. 87-96.
15. Oehmke H. Structure and function of the peripheral lymphatic vessels in man. Light- and electron microscopic studies (In German). Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 1968;90: 320-332.
16. Ohhashi T. Kobayashi S, Tsukahara S, Azuma T. Innervation of bovine mesenteric lymphatics: From the histochemical point of view. Microvasc Res 1982;24:377-385.
17. Orlov RS, Borisov AV, Borisova RP. Lymphatic vessels. Structure and mechanisms of contractile activity. (In Russian). 1983;Leningrad, USSR: Nauka. 253.
18. Petrenko VM. Histochemical identification of myocytes on total preparations from lymphatic vessels (In Russian). Morfologiia 2002;122:73-74.
19. Petrenko VM. New conceptions of structural organization of the active lymph drainage (In Russian). Morfologiia 2006;129:82-87.
20. Rhodin JA. Fine structure of vascular walls in mammals with special reference to smooth muscle component. Physiol Rev Suppl 1962;5:48-87.
21. Schipp R. Structure and ultrastructure of mesenteric lymphatic vessels. New trends in basic lymphology. Experentia 1967;Suppl. 14:50-56.
22. Schmid-Schonbein GW. Microlymphatics and lymph flow. Physiological Reviews 1990;70:987-1028.
23. Shimada K, Sato I. Morphological and histological analysis of the thoracic duct at the jugulo-subclavian junction in Japanese cadavers. Clin Anat 1997;10:163-172.
24. Mislin H. Experimental detection of autochthonous automatism of lymph vessels. (In German). Experientia 1961; 17:29-30.
25. Gashev AA, Zawieja DC. Physiology of human lymphatic contractility: A historical perspective. Lymphology 200:34: 124-134.
26. Ebner V. Gefäßsystem. Handbuch der Gewebelehre des Menschen (in German), 6th. edition., ed. A. Kolliker. 1899, Leiptzig, Germany.
27. Kajava Y. Zur microscopishchen Anatomie des Ductus thoracicus und der Trunci lymphatici des Menschen (In German). Acta Soc Med Fen. 1921;III:1-24.
28. Mall GD. Uber den Wandbau der mittleren und kleineren lymphgefasse des Menschen (In German). Z Anat. 1933; Bd.100:521-538.
29. Horstmann E. Beobachtungen zur Motorik der Lymphgefasse. (In German). Pflugers Archive. 1959;269:511-519.
30. Schipp R. Zur Feinstruktur der mesenterialen Lymphgefasse (In German). Z.Zellforsch., 1965. Bd. 67:799-818.
31. Schipp R. Fine structure of filaments in the endothelium of peripheral lymphatic vessels. (In German). Acta Anat (Basel). 1968;71:341-351.
32. Sabin FR. On the development of the lymphatic system in human embrios, with consideration of the morphology of system as a whole. Amer J Anat. 1909;9:43-91.
33. Kampmeier OF. Evolution and comparative morphology of the lymphatic system. Springfield Ill: CC Thomas, 1969. Page 620.
34. van der Putte SC. The development of the lymphatic system in man. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol. 1975;51:3-60.
35. van der Putte SC, van Limborgh J. The embryonic development of the main lymphatics in man. Acta Morphol Neerl Scand. 1980;18:323-335.
36. Krutsiak VN, Polianskii I. Growth of the jugular lymph sacs and establishment of the topography of the cervical portion of the thoracic duct during early human ontogenesis. (In Russian). Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol 1986;91:57-65.
37. Petrenko VM. Development of lymphatic system in human prenatal ontogenesis (In Russian). 1998, St. Petersburg, Russia: St. Petersburg I.I. Mechnikov State Medical Academy. 364 pages.
38. Petrenko VM. Evolution and ontogenesis of lymphatic system (In Russian). 2003, St. Petersburg, Russia: St. Petersburg I.I. Mechnikov State Medical Academy. 336 pages.
39. Olszewski WL, Engeset A. Intrinsic contractility of prenodal lymph vessels and lymph flow in human leg. Am J Physiol. 1980;239:H775-H783.
40. Potashov LV, Orlov RS, Borisov AV, Bubnova NA, Borisova RP. Pathogenetic basis of the diagnosis and treatment of lymphedema of the lower extremities (In Russian). Kardiologiia. 1989;29:63-66.
41. Petrov SV, Bubnova, NA, Broisova RP, Gashev AA, Andreevskaya MV. The function of lymphangion and endolymphatic therapy (In Russian). Reports of the St. Petersburg State Medical Academy, St, Petersburg, Russia, 1995; pp. 97-101.
42. Potashov LV, Bubnova NA, Orlov RS, Borisov AV, Borisova RP, Petrov SV. Surgical Lymphology (In Russian). 2000, St. Petersburg, Russia: SPbSETI. 270 pages.
43. Rockson SG. Lymphedema: Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2000;2:237-242.
44. Rockson SG. Lymphedema. Am J Med. 2001;110:288-295.
45. Browse N, Burnand KG, Mortimer PS. Diseases of the Lymphatics. 2003, London: Arnold, Hodder Headline Group. 352 pages.
46. Foldi M, Foldi E. Foldi's Texbook of Lymphology. 2nd ed, ed. E.F. Michael Foldi. 2006, Munich, Germany: Elsevier. 735 pages.
47. Rockson SG, Lymphedema. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2006;8:129-136.
48. Bridenbaugh EA, Gashev AA, Zawieja DC. Lymphatic muscle: A review of contractile function. Lymph Res Biol. 2003;1: 147-158.
49. Aukland K. Arnold Heller and the lymph pump. Acta Physiol Scand. 2005;185:171-180.
50. Ohhashi T, Mizuno R, Ikomi F, Kawai Y. Current topics of physiology and pharmacology in the lymphatic system. Pharmacol Ther. 2005;105:165-188.
51. Gasheva OY, Zawieja DC, Gashev AA. Contraction-initiated NO-dependent lymphatic relaxation: A self-regulatory mechanism in rat thoracic duct. J Physiol. 2006;575(Pt 3): 821-832.