A case for clarity in the writing of health statements

Patient Education and Counseling

Volumn 72, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 330-335

  Wilson, Elizabeth A H ^a   Park, Denise C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS   (United States)

Author keywords

Aging; Consumer health; Patient education

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; COMMUNICATION SKILL; CONSUMER HEALTH INFORMATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; MEMORY; PATIENT ATTITUDE; PATIENT EDUCATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SELF CARE; WRITING;

ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; COMPREHENSION; GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; HUMANS; LINGUISTICS; MENTAL RECALL; MENTAL STATUS SCHEDULE; PAMPHLETS; PATIENT EDUCATION AS TOPIC; PSYCHOLINGUISTICS; STUDENTS; TEACHING MATERIALS; UNIVERSITIES; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS; WRITING;

EID: 45649085153     PISSN: 07383991     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2008.02.008     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Kaufman D.W., Kelly J.P., Rosenberg L., Anderson T.E., and Mitchell A.A. Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States: The Slone Survey. J Am Med Assoc (2002)
2. Akutsu H., Legge G.E., Ross J.A., and Schuebel K.J. Psychophysics of reading: X. Effects of age-related changes in vision. J Gerontol: Psychol Sci 46 (1991) 325-331
3. Park D.C., Lautenschlager G., Hedden T., Davidson N.S., Smith A.D., and Smith P.K. Models of visuospatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychol Aging 17 (2002) 299-320
4. Spencer W.D., and Raz N. Differential effects of aging on memory for content and context: a meta-analysis. Psychol Aging 10 (1995) 527-539
5. Sherman M.A. Adjectival negation and the comprehension of multiply negated sentences. J Verbal Learn Behav 15 (1976) 143-157
6. Vosniadou S. Drawing inferences from semantically positive and negative implicative predicates. J Psycholinguist Res 11 (1982) 77-93
7. Lea R.B., and Mulligan E.J. The effect of negation on deductive inferences. J Exp Psychol: Learn Mem Cognit 28 (2002) 303-317
8. Mayo R., Schul Y., and Burnstein E. I am not guity" vs "I am innocent": Successful negation may depend on the schema used for its encoding. J Exp Soc Psychol 40 (2004) 433-449
9. Hoosain R. The processing of negation. J Verbal Learn Behav 12 (1973) 618-626
10. Glenberg A.M., Robertson D.A., Jansen J.L., and Johnson-Glenberg M.C. Not propositions. J Cognitive Syst Res 1 (1999) 19-33
11. Gough P.B. The verification of sentences: the effects of delay of evidence and sentence length. J Verbal Learn Behav 5 (1966) 492-496
12. MacDonald M.C., and Just M.A. Changes in activation levels with negation. J Exp Psychol: Learn Mem Cognit 15 (1989) 633-642
13. Wason P.C. Response to affirmative and negative binary statements. Br J Psychol 52 (1961) 133-142
14. Wolf M.S., Davis T.C., Arozullah A., Penn R., Arnold C., Sugar M., et al. Relation between literacy and HIV treatment knowledge among patients on HAART regimens. AIDS Care 17 (2005) 863-873
15. Cho R.N., Plunkett B.A., Wolf M.S., Simon C.E., and Grobman W.A. Health literacy and patient understanding of screening tests for aneuploidy and neural tube defects. Prenatal Diag 27 (2007) 463-467
16. Davis T.C., Wolf M.S., Bass III P.F., Middlebrooks M., Kennen E., Baker D.W., et al. Low literacy impairs comprehension of prescription drug warning labels. J Gen Intern Med 21 (2006) 847-851
17. Gazmararian J.A., Kripalani S., Miller M.J., Echt K.V., Ren J., and Rask K. Factors associated with medication refill adherence in cardiovascular-related diseases: a focus on health literacy. J Gen Intern Med 21 (2006) 1215-1221
18. Catz S.L., Kelly J.A., Bogart L.M., Benotsch E.G., and McAuliffe T.L. Patterns, correlates, and barriers to medication adherence among persons prescribed new treatments for HIV disease. Health Psychol 19 (2000) 124-133
19. DiMatteo M.R., Giordani P.J., Lepper H.S., and Croghan T.W. Patient adherence and medical treatment outcomes: a meta-analysis. Med Care 40 (2002) 794-811
20. Wolf M.S., Gazmararian J.A., and Baker D.W. Health literacy and functional health status among older adults. Arch Intern Med 165 (2005) 1946-1952
21. Dewalt D.A., Berkman N.D., Sheridan S., Lohr K.N., and Pignone M.P. Literacy and health outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. J Gen Intern Med 19 (2004) 1228-1239
22. Skurnik I., Yoon C., Park D.C., and Schwarz N. How warnings about false claims become recommendations. J Consum Res 31 (2005) 713-724
23. Hasher L., Goldstein D., and Toppino T. Frequency and the conference of referential validity. J Verbal Learn Behav 16 (1977) 107-112
24. Schacter D.L., Kaszniak A.W., Khilstrom J.F., and Valdisseri M. The relation between source memory and aging. Psychol Aging 6 (1991) 559-568
25. Jacoby L.L. Ironic effects of repetition: Measuring age-related differences in memory. J Exp Psychol: Learn Mem Cognit 25 (1999) 3-22
26. Cohen G., and Faulkner D. Age differences in source forgetting: Effects on reality monitoring and on eye-witness testimony. Psychol Aging 4 (1989) 10-17
27. Law S., Hawkins S.A., and Craik F.I.M. Repetition-induced belief in the elderly: rehabilitating age-related memory deficits. J Consum Res 25 (1998) 91-107
28. Jacoby L.L., and Rhodes M.G. False remembering in the aged. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 15 (2006) 49-53
29. Parker R.M., Baker D.W., Williams M.V., and Nurss J.R. The test of functional health literacy in adults: a new instrument for measuring patients' literacy skills. J Gen Intern Med 10 (1995) 537-541
30. Wason P.C. The contexts of plausible denial. J Verbal Learn Behav 4 (1965) 7-11
31. Lüdtke J., and Kaup B. Context effects when reading negative and affirmative sentences. In: Sun R. (Ed). 28th annual conference of the cognitive science society (2006), Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, N.J. 1735-1740