Elevated concentrations of serum relaxin are associated with metastatic disease in breast cancer patients

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment

Volumn 87, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 157-166

  Binder, C ^a   Simon, A ^a   Binder, L ^a   Hagemann, Th ^a   Schulz, M ^a   Emons, G ^a   Trumper L ^a   Einspanier, A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG   (Germany)

Author keywords

breast cancer; CA 15 3; metastasis; relaxin; survival

Indexed keywords

RELAXIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD DONOR; BREAST CARCINOMA; BREAST METASTASIS; CANCER CYTODIAGNOSIS; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER SURVIVAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; SURVIVAL RATE; SURVIVAL TIME; TISSUE REPAIR;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; PROGNOSIS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RELAXIN; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 4544357518     PISSN: 01676806     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/B:BREA.0000041622.30169.16     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bani D: Relaxin: a pleiotropic hormone. Gen Pharmacol 28: 13-22, 1997
2. Min G, Hartzog MG, Jennings RL, Winn RJ, Sherwood OD: Evidence that endogenous relaxin promotes growth of the vagina and uterus during pregnancy in gilts. Endocrinology 138: 560-565, 1997
3. Zhao I, Roche PJ, Gunnersen JM, Hammond VE, Tregear GW, Wintour EM, Beck F: Mice without a functional relaxin gene are unable to deliver milk to their pups. Endocrinology 140: 445-453, 1999
4. Unemori EN, Amento EP: Relaxin modulates synthesis and secretion of procollagenase and collagen by human dermal fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 265: 10681-10685, 1990
5. Garber SL, Mirochnik Y, Brecklin CS, Unemori EN, Singh AK, Slobodskoy L, Grove BH, Anunda JA, Dunea G: Relaxin decreases renal interstitial fibrosis and slows progression of renal disease. Kidney Int 59: 876-882, 2001
6. Williams EJ, Benyon RC, Trim N, Hadwin R, Grove BH, Arthur MJ, Unemori EN, Iredale JP: Relaxin inhibits effective collagen deposition by cultured hepatic stellate cells and decreases rat liver fibrosis. Gut 49: 577-583, 2001
7. Unemori EN, Lewis M, Constant J, Arnold G, Grove BH, Normand J, Deshpande U, Salles A, Pickford LB, Erikson ME, Hunt TK, Huang X: Relaxin induces vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis selectively at wound sites. Wound Repair Regen 8: 361-370, 2000
8. Unemori EN, Pickford LB, Salles AL, Piercy CE, Grove BH, Eriksom ME, Amento EP: Relaxin induces an extracellular matrix-degrading phenotype in human lung fibroblasts in vitro and inhibits lung fibrosis in a murine model in vivo. J Clin Invest 98: 2739-2745, 1996
9. Qin X, Chua PK, Ohira RH, Bryan-Greenwood GD: An autocrine/paracrine role of human decidual relaxin. II. Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor of matrix met-alloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). Biol Reprod 56: 812-820, 1997
10. Kapila S, Xie Y: Targeted induction of collagenase and stromelysin by relaxin in unprimed and beta-estradiol-primed diarthrodial joint fibrocartilaginous cells but not in synoviocytes. Lab Invest 78: 925-938, 1998
11. Lenhart JA, Ryan PL, Ohleth K, Palmer SS, Bagnell CA: Relaxin increases secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 during uterine and cervical growth and remodeling in the pig. Endocrinology 122: 3941-3949, 2001
12. Polette M, Nawrocki B, Gilles C, Sato H, Seiki M, Tournier JM, Birembaut P: MT-MMP expression and localisation in human lung and breast cancers. Virchows Arch 428: 29-35, 1996
13. Brummer O, Athar S, Riethdorf L, Loning T, Herbst H: Matrix- metalloproteinases 1, 2 and 3 and their tissue inhibitors 1 and 2 in benign and malignant breast lesions: an in situ hybridization study. Virchows Arch 435: 566-573, 1999
14. Balduyck M, Zerimech F, Goyer V, Lemaire R, Hemon B, Grard G, Thiebaut C, Lemaire V, Dacquembronne E, Duhem T: Specific expression of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, 9 and 13 associated with invasiveness of breast cancer cells in vitro. Clin Exp Metastasis 18: 171-178, 2000
15. Ramos DeSimone N, Hahn-Dantona E, Sipley J, Nagase H, Frech DL, Quigley JP: Activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) via a converging plasmin/stromelysin-1 cascade enhances tumor cell invasion. J Biol Chem 274: 13066-13077, 1999
16. Talvensaari-Mattila A, Pääkkö P, Höyhtyä M, Blanco-Sequeiros G, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 immunoreactive protein: a marker of aggressiveness in breast carcinoma. Cancer 83: 1153-1162, 1998
17. Tashima LS, Mazoujian G, Bryant-Greenwood GD: Human relaxin in normal, benign and neoplastic breast tissue. J Mol Endocrinol 12: 351-364, 1994
18. Binder C, Hagemann Th, Husen B, Schulz M, Einspanier A: Relaxin enhances in vitro invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines by upregulation of matrix metalloproteases. Mol Hum Reprod 8: 789-796, 2002
19. Einspanier A, Nubbemeyer R, Schlote S, Schumacher M, Ivell R, Fuhrmann K, Marten A: Relaxin in the marmoset monkey: secretion pattern in the ovarian cycle and early pregnancy. Biol Reprod 61: 512-520, 1999.
20. O'Byrne EM, Flitcraft JF, Sawyer WK, Hochman J, Weiss G, Steinetz BG: Relaxin bioactivity and immunoactivity in human corpora lutea. Endocrinology 102: 1641-1644, 1978
21. Bell RJ, Eddie LW, Lester AR, Wood EC, Johnston PD, Niall HD: Relaxin in human pregnancy serum measured with an homologous radioimmunoassay. Obstet Gynecol 69: 585-589, 1987
22. Silvertown JD, Geddes BJ, Summerlee AJ: Adenovirus-mediated expression of human prorelaxin promotes the invasive potential of canine mammary cancer cells. Endocrinology 144: 3683-3691, 2003
23. Plunkett ER, Gammal EB: The effect of relaxin upon DMBA-induced mammary cancer in female rats. Br J Cancer 21: 592-600, 1967
24. Sacchi TB, Bani D, Brandi ML, Falchetti A, Bigazzi M: Relaxin influences growth, differentiation and cell-cell adhesion of human breast cancer cells in culture. Int J Cancer 57: 129-134, 1994
25. Bani D, Flagiello D, Poupon MF, Nistri S, Poirson-Bichat F, Bigazzi M, Bani-Sacchi T: Relaxin promotes differentiation of human breast cancer cells MCF-7 transplanted into nude mice. Virchows Arch 435: 509-519, 1999
26. Unemori EN, Erikson ME, Rocco SE, Sutherland KM, Parsell DA, Mak J, Grove BH: Relaxin stimulates expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human endometrial cells in vitro and is associated with menometrorrhagia in women. Hum Reprod 14: 800-806, 1999
27. Bani D, Failli P, Bello MG, Thiemermann C, Bani-Sacchi T, Bigazzi M, Masini E: Relaxin activates L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells in culture. Hypertension 31: 1240-1247, 1998
28. Dschietzig T, Richter C, Bartsch C, Laule M, Armbruster FP, Baumann G, Stangl K: The pregnancy hormone relaxin is a player in human heart failure. FASEB J 15: 2187-2195, 2001
29. Borthwick G, Borthwick AC, Grant P, MacLennan AH: Relaxin levels in the human: an indicator of target storage and production sites. In: MacLennan AH, Tregear GW, Bryant-Greenwood G (eds) Progress in Relaxin Research. Singapore, World Scientific Publishing, 1994, pp 251-260
30. Nardi E, Bigazzi M, Agrimonti F: Relaxin in fribrocystic disease of the mammary gland. In: Bigazzi M, Greenwood FC, Gasparri F (eds) Biology of Relaxin and its Role in the Human. Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1983, pp 417-419
31. Hsu SY, Nakabayashi K, Nishi S, Kumagai J, Kudo M, Sherwood OD, Hsueh AJ: Activation of orphan receptors by the hormone relaxin. Science 295: 671-674, 2002
32. Stearns V, Yamouchi H, Hayes DF: Circulating tumor markers in breast cancer: accepted utilities and novel prospects. Breast Cancer Res Treat 52: 239-259, 1998