Harvest retention patches are insufficient as stand analogues of fire residuals for litter-dwelling beetles in northern coniferous forests

Canadian Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 34, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 1319-1331

  Gandhi, Kamal J K ^a,e   Spence, John R ^b   Langor, David W ^b,c   Morgantini, Luigi E ^b,d   Cryer, Karen J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^c LAURENTIAN FORESTRY CENTRE   (Canada)

^d Weyerhaeuser Saskatchewan Ltd   (Canada)

^e PACIFIC SOUTHWEST RESEARCH STATION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; HARVESTING; PLANTS (BOTANY);

BIOTIC ELEMENTS; FOREST RESEARCH; HARVEST RESIDUALS;

FORESTRY;

BEETLE; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONIFEROUS FOREST; FIRE; PATCHINESS; STAND STRUCTURE;

E I S; FORESTRY; HARVESTING; PLANTS;

ANIMALIA; COLEOPTERA;

EID: 4544224445     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/X04-018     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Abacus Concepts Inc. 1989. SuperANOVA. Abacus Concepts Inc., Berkeley, Calif.
2. Angelstam, P.K. 1997. Landscape analysis as a tool for the scientific management of biodiversity. Ecol. Bull. 46: 140-170.
3. Arnett, R.H., Jr. 1960. The beetles of the United States (a manual for identification). Catholic University of America Press, Washington, D.C.
4. Ås, S. 1993. Are habitat islands islands? Wood-living beetles (Coleoptera) in deciduous forest fragments in boreal forest. Ecography, 16: 219-228.
5. Baars, M.A. 1979. Catches in pitfall traps in relation to mean densities of carabid beetles. Oecologia, 41: 25-46.
6. Barnes, B.V. 1989. Old-growth forests of the northern Lake States: a landscape ecosystem perspective. Nat. Areas J. 9: 45-57.
7. Becker, P., Moure, J.S., and Peralta, F.J.A. 1991. More about euglossine bees in Amazonian forest fragments. Biotropica, 23: 586-591.
8. Bierregaard, R.O., Lovejoy, T.E., and Kapos, V. 1992. The biological dynamics of tropical forest fragments. A prospective comparison of fragments and continuous forest. Bioscience, 42: 859-866.
9. Bousquet, Y. (Editor). 1991. Checklist of beetles of Canada and Alaska. Agric. Can. Publ. 1861/E.
10. Brown, K.S., Jr., and Hutchings, R.W. 1997. Disturbance, fragmentation, and the dynamics of diversity in Amazonian forest butterflies. In Tropical Forest remnants: ecology, management and conservation of fragmented communities. Edited by W.F. Lawrence and R.O. Bierregaard. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill. pp. 91-110.
11. Brzustowski, J. 1999. The rarefaction method [online]. Available from http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/jbrzusto/rarefact.php [accessed 31 November 2002].
12. Buse, A., and Good, J.E.G. 1993. The effects of conifer forest design and management on abundance and diversity of rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): implications for conservation. Biol. Conserv. 64: 67-76.
13. Campbell, J.M. 1968. A revision of the New World Micropeplinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) with a rearrangement of the world species. Can. Entomol. 100: 225-267.
14. Campbell, J.M. 1973. A revision of the genus Tachinus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of North and Central America. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, No. 90.
15. Campbell, J.M. 1979. A revision of the genus Tachyporus Gravenhorst (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of North and Central America. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, No. 109.
16. Campbell, J.M. 1982a. A revision of the North America Omaliinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The genus Acidota Stephens. Can. Entomol. 114: 1003-1029.
17. Campbell, J.M. 1982b. A revision of the genus Lordithon Thomson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of North and Central America. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, No. 119.
18. Campbell, J.M. 1983. A revision of the North America Omaliinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The genus Olophrum Erichson. Can. Entomol. 115: 577-622.
19. Campbell, J.M. 1984. A revision of the North America Omaliinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The genera Arpedium Erichson and Eucnecosum Reitter. Can. Entomol. 116: 1227-1249.
20. Cuccodoro, G., and Löbl, I. 1996. Revision of rove-beetles of the genus Megarthrus of America north of Mexico. Mitt. Muench. Entomol. Ges. 86: 145-188.
21. Daily, G.C., and Ehrlich, P.R. 1995. Preservation of biodiversity in small rainforest patches: rapid evaluations using butterfly trapping. Biodiv. Conserv. 4: 35-55.
22. Danks, H.V., and Foottit, R.G. 1989. Insects of the boreal zone of Canada. Can. Entomol. 121: 625-690.
23. DeLong, S.C., and Kessler, W.B. 2000. Ecological characteristics of mature forest remnants left by wildfire. For. Ecol. Manage. 131: 93-106.
24. Desouza, O.F.F., and Brown, V.K. 1994. Effects of habitat fragmentation on Amazonian termite communities. J. Trop. Ecol. 10: 197-206.
25. Diamond, J.M. 1975. The island dilemma: lessons of modern biogeographic studies for the design of nature reserves. Biol. Conserv. 7: 129-146.
26. Didham, R.K. 1997a. The influence of edge effects and forest fragmentation on leaf litter invertebrates in central Amazonia. In Tropical forest remnants: ecology, management and conservation of fragmented communities. Edited by W.F. Lawrence and R.O. Bierregaard. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill. pp. 55-70.
27. Didham, R.K. 1997b. An overview of invertebrate responses to forest fragmentation. In Forests and insects. Edited by A.D. Watt, N.E. Stork, and M.D. Hunter. Chapman & Hall, London, UK. pp. 303-320.
28. Gandhi, K.J.K. 1999. The importance of fire-skips as biotic refugia and the influence of habitat heterogeneity on epigaeic beetles in pyrogenic stands of the northern Rocky Mountains. M.S. thesis, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
29. Gandhi, K.J.K., Spence, J.R., Langor, D.W., and Morgantini, L.E. 2001. Fire residuals as habitat reserves for epigaeic beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae and Staphylinidae). Biol. Conserv. 102: 131-141.
30. Goulet, H. 1974. Biology and relationships of Pterostichus adstrictus Eschscholtz and P. pensylvanicus LeConte (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Quaest Entomol. 10: 3-33.
31. Haila, Y., Hanski, I.K., Niemelä, J., Punttila, P., Raivio, S., and Tukia, H. 1994. Forestry and the boreal fauna: matching management with natural forest dynamics. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 31: 187-202.
32. Halme, E., and Niemelä, J. 1993. Carabid beetles in fragments of coniferous forest. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 30: 17-30.
33. Hanski, I., and Gilpin, M.G. (Editors). 1997. Metapopulation biology: ecology, genetics and evolution. Academic Press, San Diego, Calif.
34. Harris, L.D., and Silva-Lopez, G. 1992. Forest fragmentation and the conservation of biological diversity. In Conservation biology: the theory and practice of nature preservation and management. Edited by P.L. Fiedler and S.K. Jain, Chapman & Hall, New York. pp. 197-237.
35. Heliölä, J., Koivula, M., and Niemelä, J. 2001. Distribution of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) across a boreal forest-clearcut ecotone. Conserv. Biol. 15: 370-377.
36. Herman, L.H. 1970. Phylogeny and reclassification of the genera of the rove-beetle subfamily Oxytelinae of the world (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 142: 3434-3454.
37. Herman, L.H. 2001. Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the end of the second millennium. Parts I-VII. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 265: 1-4218.
38. Hunter, M.L., Jr. 1993. Natural fire regimes as spatial models for managing boreal forests. Biol. Conserv. 65: 115-120.
39. Klein, B.C. 1989. Effects of forest fragmentation on dung and carrion beetle communities in central Amazonia. Ecology, 70: 1715-1725.
40. Langbehn, G.J., Lathrop, T.G., and Martini, C.J. 1972. Fundamental concepts of mathematics. Charles E. Merrill Publishing Co., Columbus, Ohio.
41. Lee, P., and Crites, S. 1999. Early successional deadwood dynamics in wildfire and harvest stands. In Science and practice: sustaining the boreal forest. Proceedings of the 1999 Sustainable Forest Management Network Conference, Edmonton, Alta., 14-17 February 1999. Edited by T.S. Veeman, D.W. Smith, B.G. Purdy, F.J. Salkie, and G.A. Larkin. University of Alberta, Sustainable Forest Management Network, Edmonton, Alta. pp. 601-606.
42. Lindroth, C.H. 1961-1969. The ground beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 2. Opusc. Entomol. Suppl.: I-XLVIII.
43. Lindroth, C.H. 1961. The ground beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 2. Opusc. Entomol. Suppl. 20: 1-200.
44. Lindroth, C.H. 1963. The ground beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 3. Opusc. Entomol. Suppl. 24: 201-408.
45. Lindroth, C.H. 1966. The ground beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 4. Opusc. Entomol. Suppl. 29: 409-648.
46. Lindroth, C.H. 1968. The ground beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 5. Opusc. Entomol. Suppl. 33: 649-944.
47. Lindroth, C.H. 1969. The ground beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 6. Opusc. Entomol. Suppl. 34: 945-1192.
48. Lindroth, C.H. 1972. Changes in the Fennoscandinavian ground-beetle fauna (Coleoptera, Carabidae) during the twentieth century. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 9: 49-64.
49. Lövei, G.J., and Cartellieri, M. 2000. Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in forest fragments of the Manawatu, New Zealand: collapsed assemblages? J. Insect Conserv. 4: 239-244.
50. MacArthur, R.H., and Wilson, E.O. 1967. The theory of island biogeography theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. Monogr. Pop. Biol., No. 1.
51. Magurran, A.E. 1988. Ecological diversity and its measurement. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.
52. Main, B.Y. 1987. Persistence of invertebrates in small areas: case studies of trapdoor spiders in Western Australia. In Nature conservation: the role of remnants of native vegetation. Edited by D.A. Saunders, G.W. Arnold, A.A. Burbidge, and A.J.M. Hopkins. Surrey Beatty & Sons, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia, pp. 29-39.
53. Minitab Inc. 1995. Minitab statistical software. Student version. Minitab Inc., College Station, Pa.
54. Murcia, C. 1995. Edge effects in fragmented forests: implications for conservation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 10: 58-62.
55. Niemelä, J. 1996. Invertebrates and boreal forest management. Conserv. Biol. 11: 601-610.
56. Niemelä, J. 2001. Carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and habitat fragmentation: a review. Eur. J. Entomol. 98: 127-132.
57. Niemelä, J., Haila, Y., Halme, E., Lahti, T., Pajunen T., and Punttila, P. 1988. The distribution of carabid beetles in fragments of old coniferous taiga and adjacent managed forests. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 25: 107-119.
58. Niemelä, J., Langor, D.W., and Spence, J.R. 1993. Effects of clearcut harvesting on boreal ground-beetle assemblages (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in western Canada. Conserv. Biol. 7: 551-562.
59. Oehlert, G.W., and Bingham, C. 2003. MacAnova: an interactive program for statistical analysis and matrix algebra, version 4.13. Copyright by C. Bingham and G. W. Oehlert, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn.
60. Pajunen, T., Haila, Y., Halme, E., Niemelä, J., and Punttila, P. 1995. Ground-dwelling spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in fragmented old forests and surrounding managed forests in southern Finland. Ecography, 18: 62-72.
61. Petit, S., and Burel, F. 1998. Effects of landscape dynamics on the metapopulation of a ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in a hedgerow network. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 69: 243-252.
62. Saunders, D.A., Hobbs, R.J., and Margules, C.R. 1991. Biological consequences of ecosystem fragmentation: a review. Conserv. Biol. 5: 18-32.
63. Shreeve, T.G., and Mason, C.F. 1980. The number of butterfly species in woodland. Oecologia, 45: 414-418.
64. Smetana, A. 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can. 79.
65. Smetana, A. 1982. Revision of the subfamily Xantholininae of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can. 120.
66. Spence, J.R. 2001. The new boreal forestry: adjusting timber management to accommodate biodiversity. Trends Ecol. Evol. 16: 591-593.
67. Spence, J.R., and Niemelä, J.K. 1994. Sampling carabid assemblages with pitfall traps: the method and the madness. Can. Entomol. 126: 881-894.
68. Spence, J.R., Langor, D.W., Niemelä, J., Cárcamo, H.A., and Currie, R.C. 1996. Northern forestry and carabids: the case for concern about old-growth species. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 33: 173-184.
69. Spence, J.R., Langor, D.W., Hammond, H.E.J., and Pohl, G.R. 1997. Beetle abundance and diversity in a boreal mixed-wood forest. In Forests and insects. Edited by A.D. Watt, N.E. Stork, and M.D. Hunter. Chapman & Hall, London, UK. pp. 285-299.
70. Spence, J.R., Buddle, C.M., Gandhi, K.J.K., Langer, D.W., Volney, W.J.A., Hammond, H.E.J., and Pohl, G.R. 1999a. Invertebrate biodiversity, forestry and emulation of natural disturbance: a down-to-earth perspective. In Proceedings of the Pacific Northwest Forest and Rangeland Soil Organism Symposium, Corvallis, Ore., 17-19 March 1998. Edited by R.T. Meurisse, W.G. Ypsilantis, and C. Sebold. U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-461. pp. 80-90.
71. Spence, J.R., Volney, W.J.A., Lieffers, V.J., Weber, M.G., Luchknow S.A., and Vinge, T.W. 1999b. The Alberta EMEND project: recipe and cooks' argument. In Science and practice: sustaining the boreal forest. Proceedings of the 1999 Sustainable Forest Management Network Conference, Edmonton, Alta., 14-17 February 1999. Edited by T.S. Veeman, D.W. Smith, B.G. Purdy, F.J. Salkie, and G.A. Larkin. University of Alberta, Sustainable Forest Management Network, Edmonton, Alta. pp. 244-249.
72. ter Braak, C.J.F. 1987-1992. CANOCO - a FORTRAN program for canonical community ordination. Microcomputer Power, Ithaca, N.Y.
73. ter Braak, C.J.F. 1996. Ordination. In Data analysis in community and landscape ecology. Edited by R.H.G. Jongman, C.J.F. ter Braak, and O.F.R. Van Tongeren. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. pp. 91-173.
74. Thacker, J.R.M. 1996. Carabidologists and fragmented habitats. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11: 103-104.
75. Tittler, R., Hannon, S.J., and Norton, M.R. 2001. Residual tree retention ameliorates short-term effects of clear-cutting on some boreal songbirds. Ecol. Appl. 11: 1656-1666.
76. Vanha-Majamaa, I., and Jalonen, J. 2001. Green tree retention in Fennoscandian forestry. Scand. J. For. Res. 3(Suppl.): 79-90.
77. Wikars, L.-O. 1992. Skogsbrander och inseckter. [Forest fires and insects.] Entomol. Tidskr. 113: 1-11.
78. Wikars, L.-O. 1997. Effects of forest fire and the ecology of fire-adapted insects. Comprehensive summaries of Uppsala dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 272. Acta Univ. Ups.
79. Wilson, E.O. 1992. The diversity of life. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
80. Work, T.T., Buddle, C.M., Korinus, L., and Spence, J.R. 2002. Pitfall trap size and capture of three taxa of litter-dwelling arthropods: implications for biodiversity studies. Environ. Entomol. 31: 438-448.
81. Work, T.T., Spence, J.R., Volney, W.J.A., and Burton, P.K. 2003a. Sustainable forest management as license to think and to try something different. In Towards sustainable management of the boreal forest. Edited by P.K. Burton, C. Messier, D.W. Smith, and W.L. Adamowicz. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ont. pp. 953-970.
82. Work, T.T., Spence, J.R., Volney, W.J.A., Morgantini, L.E., and Innes, J.L. 2003b. Integrating biodiversity and forestry practices in western Canada. For. Chron. 79: 906-916.