Special Section: On Looking Inward: Revisiting the Role of Introspection in Neuroscientific and Psychiatric Research

Theory & Psychology

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 380-403

  Den Boer, Johan A ^a   Reinders, A a t Simone ^a,b   Glas, Gerrit ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

biological psychiatry; introspection; neuroimaging; neurophenomenology; self representation

Indexed keywords

EID: 44849143069     PISSN: 09593543     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0959354308089791     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Bayne, T. (2004). Closing the gap? Some questions for neurophenomenology. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 3, 349-64.
2. Berrios, G.E., & Markova, I.S. (2002). Conceptual issues. In H.A.H. D'haenen, J.A. den Boer, & P. Willner (Eds.), Biological psychiatry. (pp. 3-24). Chichester: Wiley.
3. Blumenthal, A.L. (1979). The founding father we never knew. Contemporary Psychology, 24, 547-550.
4. Boring, E.G. (1953). A history of introspection. Psychological Bulletin, 50, 169-189.
5. Brody, A.L., Saxena, S., Stoessel, P., Gillies, L.A., Fairbanks, L.A., Alborzian, S., et al. (2001). Regional brain metabolic changes in patients with major depression treated with either paroxetine or interpersonal therapy: Preliminary findings. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 631-640.
6. Chalmers, D.J. (1996). The conscious mind: In search of a fundamental theory. New York: Oxford University Press.
7. Coghill, R.C., McHaffie, J.G., & Yen, Y.-F. (2003). Neural correlates of intraindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain. PNAS, 100, 8538-8542.
8. Damasio, A.R. (1999). The feeling of what happens: Body and emotion in the making of consciousness. London: Harcourt Brace.
9. Danzinger, K. (1980). The history of introspection reconsidered. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 16(3), 241-262.
10. Dehaene, S., & Naccache, L. (2001). Towards a cognitive neuroscience of consciousness: Basic evidence and a workspace framework. Cognition, 79(1-2), 1-37.
11. den Boer, J.A. (2003). Neurofilosofie: Hersenen, bewustzijn, vrije wil [Neurophilosophy: Brain, consciousness and free will]. Amsterdam: Boom.
12. den Boer, J.A., Westenberg, H.G.M., Klompmakers, A.A., & van Lint, E.M. (1989). Behavioral biochemical and neuroendocrine concomittants of lactate-induced panic anxiety. Biological Psychiatry, 26, 612-622.
13. Dennett, D.C. (1991). Consciousness explained. Boston: Little Brown.
14. Dennett, D.C. (2003). Who's on first? Heterophenomenology explained. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10 (9-10), 19-30.
15. Depraz, N. (1999). The phenomenological reduction as praxis. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 6 (2-3), 95-110.
16. Depraz, N., Varela, F., & Vermersch, P. (2000). The gesture of awareness. In M. Velmans (Ed.), Investigating phenomenal consciousness, (pp 121-136). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
17. Drevets, W.C., Gautier, C., Price, J.C., Kupfer, D.J., Kinahan, P.E., Grace, A.A., et al. (2001). Amphetamine-induced dopamine release in human ventral striatum correlates with euphoria. Biological Psychiatry, 49, 81-96.
18. Edelman, G.M., & Tononi, G. (2000). A universe of consciousness: How matter becomes imagination. New York: Basic Books.
19. Engel, A.K., Fries, P., & Singer, W. (2001). Dynamic predictions: Oscillations and synchrony in top-down processing. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 704-716.
20. Ericsson, K.A. (2003). Valid and non-reactive verbalization of thoughts during performance of tasks. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10(9-10), 1-18.
21. Ericsson, K.A., & Oliver, W. (1988). Methodology for laboratory research on thinking: Task selection, collection of observation and data analysis. In R.J. Sternberg & E.E. Smith, (Eds.). The psychology of human thought, (pp. 392-428). New York: Cambridge University Press.
22. Ericsson, K.A., & Simon, H.A. (1998). How to study thinking in everyday life: Contrasting think-aloud protocols with descriptions and explanations of thinking. Mind, Culture, & Activity, 5, 178-186.
23. Gallagher, H.L., Jack, A.I., Roepstorff, A., & Frith, C.D. (2002). Imaging the intentional stance in a competitive game. Neuroimage, 16, 814-821.
24. Gallagher, S. (1997). Mutual enlightenment: Recent phenomenology in cognitive science. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 4(3), 195-214.
25. Gallagher, S. (2003). Phenomenology and experimental design. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10(9-10), 85-99.
26. Goldapple, K., Segal, Z., Garson, C., Lau, M., Bieling, P., Kennedy, S., et al. (2004). Modulation of cortical-limbic pathways in major depression: Treatment-specific effects of cognitive behavior therapy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61, 34-41.
27. Goldberg, I.I., Harel, M., & Malach, R. (2006). When the brain loses its self: Prefrontal inactivation during sensorimotor processing. Neuron, 50, 329-339.
28. Goldman, A.I. (2004). Epistemology and the evidential status of introspective reports. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 11(7-8), 1-16.
29. Gusnard, D.A., & Raichle, M.E. (2001). Searching for a baseline: Functional imaging and the resting human brain. Nature Neuroscience Reviews, 2, 685-694.
30. Hurlburt, R.T. (1997). Randomly sampling thinking in the natural environment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 941-949.
31. Hurlburt, R.T., & Heavy, C.L. (2001). Telling what we know: Describing inner experience. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 5, 400-403.
32. Jack, A.I., & Roepstorff, A. (2002). Introspection and cognitive brain mapping: From stimulus-response to script-report. Trends in Cognitive Science, 6, 333-339.
33. Jack, A.I., & Shallice, T. (2001). Introspective physicalism as an approach to the science of consciousness. Cognition, 79(1-2), 161-196.
34. James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology (Vol. I). New York: Dover.
35. Kendler, K.S. (2005). Towards a philosophical structure for psychiatry. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 433-440.
36. Laruelle, M. (2000). Imaging synaptic neurotransmission with in vivo binding competition techniques: A critical review. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 20, 423-451.
37. Laruelle, M., Abi-Dargham, A., van Dyck, C.H., Rosenblatt, W., Zea-Ponce, Y., Zoghbi, S.S., et al. (1995). SPECT imaging of striatal dopamine release after amphetamine challenge. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 36, 1182-1190.
38. Leyton, M., Boileau, I., Benkelfat, C., Diksic, M., Baker, G., & Dagher, A. (2002). Amphetamine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine, drug wanting, and novelty seeking: A PET/[11C]raclopride study in healthy men. Neuropsychopharmacology, 27, 1027-1035.
39. Lutz, A. (2002). Toward a neurophenomenology as an account of generative passages: A first empirical case study. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 1, 133-167.
40. Lutz, A., Lachaux, J.P., Martinerie, J., & Varela, F.J. (2002). Guiding the study of brain dynamics by using first-person data: Synchrony patterns correlate with ongoing conscious states during a simple visual task. PNAS, 99(3), 1586-1591.
41. Lutz, A., & Thompson, E. (2003). Neurophenomonology: Integrating subjective experience and brain dynamics in the neuroscience of consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10 (9-10), 31-52.
42. Lyons, W. (1983). The transformation of introspection. British Journal of Social Psychology, 22, 237-342.
43. Marcel, A.J. (2003). Introspective report: Trust, self-knowledge and science. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10(9-10), 167-186.
44. Martin, S.D., Martin, E., Rai, S.S., Richardson, M.A., & Royall, R. (2001). Brain blood flow changes in depressed patients treated with interpersonal psychotherapy or venlafaxine hydrochloride: Preliminary findings. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 641-648.
45. Martinez, D., Slifstein, M., Broft, A., Mawlawi, O., Hwang, D.R., Huang, Y., et al. (2003). Imaging human mesolimbic dopamine transmission with positron emission tomography. Part II: Amphetamine-induced dopamine release in the functional subdivisions of the striatum. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 23, 285-300.
46. Merleau-Ponty, M. (2002). Phenomenology of perception (C. Smith, Trans.). London: Routledge. (Original work published 1945)
47. Nakamura, Y., & Chapman, C.R. (2002). Measuring pain: An introspective look at introspection. Consciousness and Cognition, 11, 582-592.
48. Nisbett, R.E., & Wilson, T.D. (1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84, 231-259.
49. Northoff, G., & Heinzel, A. (2006). First-person neuroscience: A new methodological approach for linking mental and neuronal states. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 1, 3.
50. O'Regan, J.K., & Noë, A. (2001). A sensimotor account of vision and visual consciousness. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24, 883-917.
51. Panksepp, J. (1998). Affective neuroscience: The foundations of human and animal emotions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
52. Paquette, V., Levesque, J., Mensour, B., Leroux, J.M., Beaudoin, G., Bourgouin, P., et al. (2003). ‘Change the mind and you change the brain’: Effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the neural correlates of spider phobia. Neuroimage, 18, 401-409.
53. Parvizi, J., & Damasio, A. (2001). Consciousness and the brainstem. Cognition, 79(1-2), 135-160.
54. Piccinini, G. (2003). Data from introspective reports: Upgrading from common sense to science. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10(9-10), 141-156.
55. Prinz, J.J. (2004). The fractionation of introspection. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 11(7-8), 40-57.
56. Pruessner, J.C., Champagne, F., Meaney, M.J., & Dagher, A. (2004). Dopamine release in response to a psychological stress in humans and its relationship to early life maternal care: A positron emission tomography study using [11C]raclopride. Journal of Neuroscience, 24, 2825-2831.
57. Rodriguez, E., George, N., Lachaux, J.P., Martinerie, J., Renault, B., & Varela, F.J. (1999, February 4). Perception's shadow: Long-distance synchronization of human brain activity. Nature, 397, 430-433.
58. Roy, J.-M., Petitot, J., Pachoud, B., & Varela, F. (1999). Beyond the gap: An introduction to naturalizing phenomenology. In J. Petitot, F.J. Varela, B. Pachoud, & J.-M. Roy (Eds.) Naturalizing phenomenology (pp. 1-80). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
59. Ryle, G. (1949). The concept of mind. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin.
60. Schwartz, J.M., Stoessel, P.W., Baxter, L.R., Jr., Martin, K.M., & Phelps, M.E. (1996). Systematic changes in cerebral glucose metabolic rate after successful behavior modification treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 109-113.
61. Schwitzgebel, E. (2004). Introspective training apprehensively defended. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 11(7-8), 58-76.
62. Searle, J.R. (1992). The rediscovery of the mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
63. Singer, W., & Gray, C.M. (1995). Visual feature integration and the temporal correlation hypothesis. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 18, 555-586.
64. Skinner, B.F. (1985). Cognitive science and behaviorism. British Journal of Psychology, 76, 291-301.
65. Sun, W., Ginovart, N., Ko, F., Seeman, P., & Kapur, S. (2003). In vivo evidence for dopamine-mediated internalization of D2-receptors after amphetamine: Differential findings with [3H]raclopride versus [3H]spiperone. Molecular Pharmacology, 63, 456-462.
66. Teasdale, J.D., Moore, R.G., Hayhurst, H., Pope, M., Williams, S., & Segal, Z.V. (2002). Metacognitive awareness and prevention of relapse in depression: Empirical evidence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 275-287.
67. Thompson, E., Lutz, A., & Cosmelli, D. (2005). Neurophenomenology: An introduction for neurophilosophers. In A. Brook & K. Akins (Eds.), Cognition and the brain: The philosophy and neuroscience movement. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
68. Tononi, G., & Edelman, G.M. (1998). Consciousness and complexity. Science, 282, 1846-1851.
69. Udo de Haes, J.I., Kortekaas, R., van Waarde, A., Maguire, R.P., Pruim, J., & den Boer, J.A. (2005). Assessment of methylphenidate-induced dopamine release using [11C]-raclopride continuous infusion in healthy human subjects: Correlation with subjective effects. Psychopharmacology, 183, 322-330.
70. van Praag, H.M. (1992). Reconquest of the subjective: Against the waning of psychiatric diagnosing. British Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 266-271.
71. Varela, F.J. (1995). Resonant cell assemblies: A new approach to cognitive functions and neuronal synchrony. Biological Research, 28(1), 81-95.
72. Varela, F.J., Lachaux, J.P., Rodriguez, E., & Martinerie, J. (2001). The brainweb: Phase synchronization and large-scale integration. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2(4), 229-239.
73. Varela, F.J., & Shear, J. (1999). The view from within: First-person approaches to the study of consciousness. Thorverton, UK: Imprint Academic.
74. Vermersch, P. (1999). Introspection as practice. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 6(2-3), 17-42.
75. Volkow, N.D., Wang, G.J., Fowler, J.S., Logan, J., Gatley, S.J., Wong, C., et al. (1999). Reinforcing effects of psychostimulants in humans are associated with increases in brain dopamine and occupancy of D(2) receptors. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 291, 409-415.
76. Volkow, N.D., Wang, G.J., Fowler, J.S., Logan, J., Schlyer, D., Hitzemann, R., et al. (1994). Imaging endogenous dopamine competition with [11C]raclopride in the human brain. Synapse, 16, 255-262.
77. Wilson, T.D. (2002). Strangers to ourselves: Discovering the adaptive unconscious. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
78. Wilson, T.D. (2003). Knowing when to ask. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10(9-10), 131-140.