Racial disparity in hospice use in the United States in 2002

Palliative Medicine

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 205-213

  Connor, Stephen R ^a   Elwert, F ^b   Spence, C ^a   Christakis, N A ^b  

^a National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization   (United States)

^b HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Database; End of life; Hospice; Medicare; Racial differences

Indexed keywords

AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; CAUCASIAN; CAUSE OF DEATH; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEATH CERTIFICATE; DEMOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HOSPICE CARE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICARE; RACE DIFFERENCE; SEX RATIO; UNITED STATES;

AFRICAN AMERICANS; CAUSE OF DEATH; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; HOSPICE CARE; HOSPICES; HUMANS; MALE; PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 44849095722     PISSN: 02692163     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0269216308089305     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Iwashyna, TJ, Chang, VW. Racial and ethnic differences in place of death: United States, 1993. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002; 50: 1113-1117.
2. Weitzen, S, Teno, JM, Fennell, M, Mor, V. Factors associated with site of death: a national study of where people die. Med Care 2003; 41: 323-335.
3. Flory, J, Young-Xu, Y, Gurol, I, Levinsky, N, Ash, A, Emanuel, E. Place of death: US trends since 1980. Health Aff 2004; 23: 194-200.
4. Colon, M, Lyke, J. Comparison of hospice use and demographics among European Americans, African Americans, and Latinos. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2003; 20: 182-190.
5. Greiner, KA, Perera, S, Ahluwalia, JS. Hospice usage by minorities in the last year of life: results from the National Mortality Followback Survey. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003; 51: 970-978.
6. Ngo-Metzger, Q, McCarthy, EP, Burns, RB, Davis, RB, Li, FP, Phillips, RS. Older Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders dying of cancer use hospice less frequently than older White patients. Am J Med 2003; 115: 47-53.
7. Virnig, BA, Marshall McBean, A, Kind, S, Dholakia, R. Hospice use before death: variability across cancer diagnoses. Med Care 2002; 40: 73-78.
8. Enguidanos, S, Yip, J, Wilber, K. Ethnic variation in site of death of older adults dually eligible for Medicaid and Medicare. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005; 53: 1411-1416.
9. Han, B, Remsburg, RE, Iwashyna, TJ. Differences in hospice use between black and white patients during the period 1992 through 2000. Med Care 2006; 44: 731-737.
10. Lackan, NA, Ostir, GV, Freeman, JL, Kuo, Y, Zhang, DD, Goodwin, JS. Hospice use by Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White cancer decedents. Health Serv Res 2004; 39(4), Part I: 969-983.
11. Hussey, P, Anderson, G, Berthelot, JM, Feek, C, Kelley, E, Osborn, R, et al. Trends in socioeconomic disparities in health care quality in four countries. Int J Qual Health Care 2008; 20: 53-61.
12. Goddard, M, Smith, P. Equity of access to health care services: theory and evidence from the UK. Soc Sci Med 2001; 53: 1149-1162.
13. Schoen, C, Doty, MM. Inequities in access to medical care in five countries: findings from the 2001 Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Survey. Health Policy 2004; 67: 309-322.
14. Banks, J, Marmot, M, Oldfield, Z, Smith, JP. Disease and disadvantage in the United States and in England. JAMA 2006; 295: 2037-2045.
15. Hoyert, DL, Kung, HC, Smith, BL. Deaths: preliminary data for 2003. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2005; 53: 1-48.
16. Hatten, J. Medicare's common denominator: the covered population. Health Care Financ Rev 1980; 2: 53-64.
17. Christakis, NA, Escarce, JJ. Survival of Medicare patients after enrollment in hospice programs. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 172-178.
18. Connor, S, Pyenson, B, Fitch, K, Spence, C, Iwasaki, K. Comparing hospice and nonhospice patient survival among patients who die within a three-year window. J Pain Symptom Manage 2007; 33: 238-246.
19. Lauderdale, DS, Goldberg, J. The expanded racial and ethnic codes in the Medicare data files: their completeness of coverage and accuracy. Am J Public Health 1996; 86: 712-716.
20. Elwert, F, Christakis, NA. Widowhood and race. Am Sociol Rev 2006; 71: 16-41.
21. Anderson, RN, Miniño, AM, Hoyert, DL, Rosenberg, HM. Comparability of cause of death between ICD-9 and ICD-10: preliminary estimates. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2001; 49: 1-32.
22. Baicker, K, Chandra, A, Skinner, JS, Wennberg, JE. Who you are and where you live: how race and geography affect the treatment of medicare beneficiaries. Health Aff 2006. Available from: 10.1377/hlthaff.var.33.
23. Balsa, AI, McGuire, TG. Prejudice, clinical uncertainty, and stereotyping as sources of health disparities. J Health Econ 2003; 22: 89-116.
24. Crawley, L, Singer, MK. Racial, cultural, and ethnic factors affecting the quality of end-of-life care in California. California HealthCare Foundation. http://www.chcf.org/topics/chronicdisease/ index.cfm?itemID=131674; 2007 [accessed 20.03.07].
25. Connor, S, Elwert, F, Spence, C, Christakis, N. Geographic variation in hospice use in the United States in 2002. J Pain Symptom Manage 2007; 34: 277-85.
26. Johnson, KS, Kuchibhatala, M, Sloan, RJ, Tanis, D, Galanos, AN, Tulsky, JA. Ethnic differences in the place of death of elderly hospice enrollees. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005; 53: 2209-2215.