How real is that smile? Mood effects on accepting or rejecting the veracity of emotional facial expressions

Journal of Nonverbal Behavior

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 157-170

  Forgas, Joseph P ^a   East, Rebekah ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Affect; Facial expressions of emotion; Skepticism

Indexed keywords

EID: 44749092332     PISSN: 01915886     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10919-008-0050-1     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Asch, S. E. (1946). Forming impressions of personality. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 41, 258-290.
2. Bless, H. (2001). Mood and the use of general knowledge structures. In L. L. Martin (Ed.), Theories of mood and cognition: A user's guidebook (pp. 9-26). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
3. Bless, H., & Fiedler, K. (2006). Mood and the regulation of information processing and behavior. In J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Affect in social thinking and behavior (pp. 65-84). New York: Psychology Press.
4. Bond, C. F., Jr., & DePaulo, B. M. (2006). Accuracy of deception judgments. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10, 214-234.
5. Bower, G. H. (1981). Mood and memory. American Psychologist, 36, 129-148.
6. Bouhuys, A. L., Bloem, G. M., & Groothius, T. G. G. (1995). Induction of depressed and elated mood by music influences the perception of facial emotional expressions in healthy subjects. Journal of Affective Disorders, 33, 215-226.
7. Bouhuys, A. L., Geerts, E., & Gordijn, M. C. M. (1999). Depressed patients' perceptions of facial emotions in depressed and remitted states are associated with relapse: A longitudinal study. Journal of Nervous and Mental disease, 187, 595-602.
8. Bouhuys, A. L., Geerts, E., Mersch, P. P. A., & Jenner, J. A. (1996). Nonverbal interpersonal sensitivity and persistence of depression: Perception of emotions in schematic faces. Psychiatry Research, 64, 193-203.
9. Carton, J. S., Kessler, E. A., & Pape, C. L. (1999). Nonverbal decoding skills and relationship well-being in adults. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 23, 91-100.
10. Ciarrochi, J. V., Forgas, J. P., & Mayer, J. D. (Eds.). (2001). Emotional intelligence in everyday life. Philadelphia: Psychology Press.
11. Darwin, C. (1872). The expression of the emotions in man and animals. London, England: John Murray.
12. DePaulo, B. (1992). Nonverbal behavior and self-presentation. Psychological Bulletin, 111, 203-243.
13. DePaulo, B. M., Lindsay, J. J., Malone, B. E., Muhlenbruck, L., Charlton, K., & Cooper, H. (2003). Cues to deception. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 74-118.
14. Ekman, P. (1972). Universals and cultural differences in facial expressions of emotion. In J. Cole (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation 1971 (Vol. 19, pp. 207-283). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
15. Ekman, P., & O'Sullivan, M. (1991). Who can catch a liar? American Psychologist, 46, 913-920.
16. Fiedler, K. (1989). Suggestion and credibility: lie detection based on content related cues. In V. Gheorghiu, P. Netter, H. J. Eysenck, & R. Rosenthal (Eds.), Suggestibility, theory and research (pp. 323-335). New York: Springer.
17. Fiedler, K. (2001). Affective influences on social information processing. In J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Handbook of affect and social cognition (pp.163-185). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
18. Fiedler, K., Fladung, U., & Hemmeter, U. (1987). A positivity bias in person memory. Journal of Social Psychology, 17, 243-246.
19. Fiedler, K., Lachnit, H., Fay, D., & Krug, C. (1992). Mobilization of cognitive resources and the generation effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology, 45A, 149-171.
20. Fiedler, K., & Walka, I. (1993). Training lie detectors to use nonverbal cues instead of global heuristics. Human Communication Research, 20, 199-223.
21. Forgas, J. P. (1994). Sad and guilty? Affective influences on explanations of conflict episodes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 56-68.
22. Forgas, J. P. (1995). Mood and judgment: The Affect Infusion Model (AIM). Psychological Bulletin, 117, 39-66.
23. Forgas, J. P. (1998). On being happy but mistaken: Mood effects on the fundamental attribution error. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 318-331.
24. Forgas, J. P. (2002). Feeling and doing: Affective influences on interpersonal behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 13, 1-28.
25. Forgas, J. P. (Ed.). (2006). Affect in social thinking and behavior. New York: Psychology Press.
26. Forgas, J. P. (2007). When sad is better than happy: Negative affect can improve the quality and effectiveness of persuasive messages and social influence strategies. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 513-528.
27. Forgas, J. P., & Bower, G. H. (1987). Mood effects on person-perception judgments. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 53, 53-60.
28. Forgas, J. P., Bower, G. H., & Krantz, S. E. (1984). The influence of mood on perceptions of social interactions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 20, 497-513.
29. Forgas, J. P., & George, J. M. (2001). Affective influences on judgments and behavior in organizations: An information processing perspective. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 86, 3-34.
30. Forgas, J. P., Vargas, P., & Laham, S. (2005). Mood effects on eyewitness memory: Affective influences on susceptibility to misinformation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 574-588.
31. Hansen, C. H., & Hansen, R. D. (1988). Finding the face in the crowd: An anger superiority effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 917-924.
32. Izzard, C. E. (1993). Organizational and motivational functions of discrete emotions. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 631-641). New York: Guilford.
33. Jones, E. E. (1964). Ingratiation. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
34. Knutson, B. (1996). Facial expressions of emotion influence interpersonal trait inferences. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 20, 165-182.
35. Kraut, R. (1980). Humans as lie detectors. Journal of Communication, 30, 209-216.
36. Lerner, J. S., & Keltner, D. (2001). Fear, anger, and risk. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 81, 146-159.
37. Levine, T. R., Park, H. S., & McCornack, S. A. (1999). Accuracy in detecting truths and lies: Documenting the veracity effect. Communication Monographs, 66, 125-144.
38. McCornack, S. A., & Parks, M. R. (1986). Deception detection and relationship development: The other side of trust. In M. L. McLaughlin (Ed.) Communication yearbook 9 (pp. 122-145). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
39. Niedenthal, P. M, Halberstadt, J. B., Margolin, J., & Innes-Ker, A. H. (2000) Emotional state and the detection of change in facial expression of emotion. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 211-222.
40. O'Sullivan, M. (2003). The fundamental attribution error in detecting deception: The boy who cried wolf effect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1316-1327.
41. Park, H. S., Levine, T. R., McCornack, S. A., Morrison, K., & Ferrara, M. (2002). How people really detect lies. Communication Monographs, 69, 144-157.
42. Schiffenbauer, A. (1974). Effect of observer's emotional state on judgments of the emotional state of others. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 30, 31-35.
43. Sedikides, C. (1995) Central and peripheral self-conceptions are differentially influenced by mood: Tests of the differential sensitivity hypothesis. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 69, 759-777.
44. Terwogt, M. M., Kremer, H. H., & Stegge, H. (1991). Effects of children's emotional state on their reactions to emotional expressions: A search for congruency effects. Cognition and Emotion, 5, 109-121.
45. White, M. (1995). Preattentive analysis of facial expressions of emotion. Cognition and Emotion, 9, 439-460.
46. Zuckerman, M., DePaulo, B. M., & Rosenthal, R. (1981). Verbal and nonverbal communication of deception. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 14, pp. 1-59). New York: Academic Press.