Lubricated with oil: Iran-China relations in a changing world

Middle East Policy

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 66-80

  Dorraj, Manochehr ^a   Currier, Carrie L ^a  

^a TEXAS CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 44649176321     PISSN: 10611924     EISSN: 14754967     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4967.2008.00350.x     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. John W. Garver, China and Iran: Ancient Partners in a Post-Imperial World (University of Washington Press, 2006), p. 14.
2. Ibid.
3. Mohamed Bin Huwaidin, China's Relations with Arabia and the Gulf (Routledge-Curzon, 2002), pp. 153-154.
4. Ibid., pp. 154-155.
5. Ibid., p. 159.
6. Ibid., p. 160.
7. Ibid., pp. 164-165.
8. Charles E. Ziegler, "The Energy Factor in China's Foreign Policy," Journal of Chinese Political Science, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Spring 2006), p. 1.
9. Ibid., p. 4.
10. Ibid., p. 7.
11. Oil and Gas Journal, Volume. 103, No. 47 (Dec. 19, 2005). From U.S. Energy Information Administration. http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/ international/petroleu.html.
12. As cited by Flynt Leverret & Pierre Noel, "The New Axis of Oil," The National Interest, No. 84 (Summer 2006), pp. 63-71.
13. Flynt Leverett, "The Geopolitics of Oil and America's International Standing," Testimony to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, January 10, 2007, p. 6.
14. Liangxiang Jin, "Energy First: China and the Middle East," Middle East Quarterly, Vol. 12, No. 2 (2005), http://www.meforum.org/ article/694.
15. Bin Huwaidin, op.cit., pp. 165-172.
16. Garver, op.cit., pp. 266-268.
17. Ibid., p. 268.
18. Ibid., p. 269.
19. Roger Howard, Iran Oil: The New Middle East Challenge to America (London & New York: LB. Tauris, 2007), p. 95.
20. Garver, op.cit, p. 271.
21. Ibid., pp. 272-275.
22. Kamal Nazer Yasin, "Iran-US: Prospects for a 'Hot War'," The International Relations and Security Network (ISN), October 1, 2007.
23. Flynt Leverett & Pierre Noel, "The New Axis of Oil," The National Internst, No. 84 (Summer 2006), pp. 63-71.
24. Ibid., p. 65.
25. Ibid., p. 68.
26. Flynt Leverett, "Race for Iran," The New York Times, June 20, 2006. In an attempt to address the reluctance of foreign investors to invest in Iran's energy sector, the Islamic Republic has provided additional incentives to foreign investors of late. This new initiative reportedly has culminated in the signing of a $10 billion deal with Spain's Repsol and the Royal Dutch Shell Oil Company in January 2007 to develop Iran's offshore oil fields.
27. David E. Sanger and Thom Shanker, "Washington Sees an Opportunity on Iran," The New York Times, September 27, 2007.
28. Roger Stern, "The Iranian Petroleum Crisis and United States National Security," Journal of National Academy of Science Vol.104, No. I (January 2, 2007), pp. 377-382.
29. For a study of Iran's gasoline crisis, see Abbas William Samii, "Iran Considers Gasoline Rationing," The Daily Standard, February 7, 2007.
30. Stern, ibid. See also "Iran's Nuclear Drive Linked to Looming Oil Crisis: US Study," Agence France Presse, December 25, 2006.
31. See also "Iranian Oil," The Washington Post, December 29, 2006,
32. and "Iran Seeks to Emulate North Korea's Economic Catastrophe," http://engram-backtalk-blogspot.com2006/12/Iran-seeks-to-emulate-north Korea.html. posted by Engram 12-2-06.
33. Elliot Hen-Tov, "Understanding Iran's New Authoritarianism," The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 30, No. I (Winter 2006-07), p. 170.
34. Kim Murphy, "U.S. Puts Squeeze on Iran's Oil Fields," Los Angeles Times January 7, 2007.
35. See also The New York Times, January 11, 2007. This is also confirmed by a statement from Iran's oil minister in September 2006. Mr. Kazem Vaziri-Hamaneh announced that without foreign investment, the annual output of Iranian oil fields would fall by 13 percent.
36. See Engram, op.cit.
37. Murphy, ibid.
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid.
40. Neil King Jr., "U.S., Europe Look More Likely to Pressure Iran outside of U.N.," The Wall Street Journal September 26, 2007.
41. The Wall Street Journal, December 26, 200
42. Tehran Times International Daily, May 2008.
43. Mark N, Katz, "Putin, Ahmadinejad and the Iranian Nuclear Crisis," Middle East Policy, Vol. 13, No. 4 (Winter 2006). An example of Russia's increasing frustration with the policies of Ahmadinejad's administration manifested itself in Moscow's decision on March 12, 2007, to indefinitely postpone the delivery of the nuclear fuel and the launch of Bushehr nuclear reactor, supposedly due to Tehran's default on its payments, something that Iranian government denies. The Islamic Republic alleges that Russia is bending to Western pressures.
44. See The Washington Post, March 12, 2007.
45. Nazila Fathi and C.J. Olivers, "In Iran Putin Warns against Military Action," The New York Times, October 17, 2007.
46. Flynt Leverett, "Race for Iran," op.cit.
47. Steven Lee Meyers, The New York Times, February 2, 2007.