Comparison of acid-base models for prediction of hospital mortality after trauma

Shock

Volumn 29, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 662-666

  Kaplan, Lewis J ^a   Kellum, John A ^b  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Acidosis; Anion gap; Outcomes; Shock; Strong ion gap; Trauma

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; BUFFER; ELECTROLYTE; HEMOGLOBIN; LACTIC ACID;

ADULT; ALBUMIN BLOOD LEVEL; ARTERIAL GAS; ARTICLE; BLUNT TRAUMA; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROLYTE BLOOD LEVEL; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LACTATE BLOOD LEVEL; LACTIC ACIDOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PENETRATING TRAUMA; PH; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SURVIVAL;

ACIDOSIS, LACTIC; ADULT; BICARBONATES; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; FEMALE; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; LACTIC ACID; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 44449085742     PISSN: 10732322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181618946     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Maurer A, Morris JA: Injury severity scoring. In: Moore EE, Feliciano DV, Mattox KL, eds: Trauma. 5th ed. New York: The McGraw Hill Companies, 2004, 87-91.
2. Tremblay L, Feliciano DV, Rozycki G: Assessment of initial base deficit as predictor of outcome: mechanism of injury does make a difference. Am Surg 68:689-693, 2002.
3. Brill SA, Stewart TR, Brundage SI, Schreiber MA: Base deficit does not predict mortality when secondary to hyperchloremic acidosis. Shock 17:459-462, 2002.
4. Kaplan LJ, Kellum JA: Initial pH, base deficit, lactate, anion gap, strong ion difference and strong ion gap predicts outcome from major vascular injury. Crit Care Med 32:1120-1124, 2004.
5. Stampfli H, Taylor M, McNicoll C, Gancz AY, Constable PD: Experimental determination of net protein charge, [A]tot, and Ka of nonvolatile buffers in bird plasma. J Appl Physiol 100:1831-1836, 2006.
6. Wooten EW: Calculation of physiological acid-base parameters in multicompartment systems with application to human blood. J Appl Physiol 95:2333-2344, 2003.
7. Lloyd P, Freebairn R: Using quantitative acid-base analysis in the ICU. Crit Care Resusc 8:19-30, 2006.
8. Stewart PA: Modern quantitative acid-base chemistry. Can J Physiol Pharm 61:1444-1461, 1983.
9. Kellum JA: Strong ion gap: a methodology for exploring unexplained ions. J Crit Care 10:51-55, 1995.
10. Kellum JA: Clinical review: reunification of acid-base physiology. Crit Care 9:500-507, 2005.
11. Wilkes P: Hypoproteinemia, strong-ion difference, and acid-base status in critically ill patients. J Appl Physiol 84:1740-1748, 1998.
12. Figge J, Rossing TH, Fencl V: The role of serum proteins in acid-base equilibria. J Lab Clin Med 117:453-467, 1991.
13. Staempfli HR, Constable PD: Experimental determination of net protein charge and A(tot) and K(a) of nonvolatile buffers in human plasma. J Appl Physiol 95:620-630, 2003.
14. Watson D: Modeling the effects of proteins on pH in plasma. J Appl Physiol 86:1421-1427, 1999.
15. Hanley JA, McNeil BJ: A method of comparing the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves derived from the same cases. Radiology 148:839-843, 1983.
16. Van Natta TL, Morris JA: Injury scoring and trauma outcomes. In: Mattox KL, Feliciano DV, Moore EE, eds: Trauma. 4th ed. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2000, 69-80.
17. Injury Severity Scoring systems. Available at: http://www.trauma.org/ index.ph/main/article/383. Accessed March 10, 2006.
18. Rocktaschel J, Morimatsu H, Uchino S, Goldsmith D, Poustie S, Story D, Gutteridge G, Bellomo R: Acid-base status of critically ill patients with acute renal failure: analysis based on Stewart-Figge methodology. Crit Care 7:R60-R66, 2003.
19. Kellum JA, Bellomo R, Kramer DJ, Pinsky MR: Hepatic anion flux during acute endotoxemia. J Appl Physiol 78:2212-2217, 1995.
20. Gunnerson KJ, Saul M, He S, Kellum JA: Lactate versus non-lactate metabolic acidosis: a retrospective outcome evaluation of critically ill patients. Crit Care 10:R22-R26, 2006.
21. Kellum JA, ed: The Acid Base pHorum. Available at: http://www.ccm.upmc. edu/education/resources/phorum.html. Accessed January 20, 2007.
22. Balasubramanyan N, Havens PL, Hoffman GM: Unmeasured anions identified by the Fencl-Stewart method predict mortality better than base excess, anion gap, and lactate in patients admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 27:1577-1581, 1999.
23. Durward A, Tibby SM, Skellett S, Austin C, Anderson D, Murdoch IA: The strong ion gap predicts mortality in children following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Pediatr Crit Care Med 3:281-285, 2005.
24. Dondorp AM, Chau TT, Phu NH, Mai NT, Loc PP, Chuong LV, Sinh DX, Taylor A, Hien TT, Whiten NJ, et al.: Unidentified acids of strong prognostic significance in severe malaria. Crit Care Med 32:1683-1688, 2004.
25. Cusack RJ, Rhodes A, Lochhead P, Jordan B, Perry S, Ball JAS, Grounds RM, Bennett ED: The strong ion gap does not have prognostic value in critically ill patients in a mixed medical/surgical adult ICU. Int Care Med 28:864-869, 2002.
26. Rocktaschel J, Morimatsu H, Uchino S, Bellomo R: Unmeasured anions in critically ill patients: can they predict mortality? Crit Care Med 31:2131-2136, 2003.
27. Hatherill M, Waggie Z, Purves L, Reynolds L, Argent A: Mortality and the nature of metabolic acidosis in children with shock. Int Care Med 29:286-291, 2003.
28. Moviat M, van Harev F, van der Hoeven H: Conventional or physicochemical approach in intensive care unit patients with metabolic acidosis. Crit Care 7:R41-R45, 2003.
29. Forni LG, McKinnon W, Lord GA, Treacher DF, Peron J-MR, Hilton PJ: Circulating anions usually associated with the Krebs cycle in patients with metabolic acidosis. Crit Care 9:R591-R595, 2005.
30. Kaplan LJ, Philbin N, Arnaud F, Rice J, Dong F, Freilich D: Resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock: fluid selection and infusion strategy drives unmeasured ion genesis. J Trauma 61:90-98, 2006.
31. Abramson D, Scalea TM, Hitchcock R, Trooskin SZ, Henry SM, Greenspan J: Lactate clearance and survival following injury. J Trauma 35:584-589, 1993.
32. Kellum JA, Song M, Li J: Lactic and hydrochloric acids induce different patterns of inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 286:R686-R692, 2004.
33. Pedoto A, Caruso JE, Nandi J: Acidosis stimulates nitric oxide production and lung damage in rats. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159:397-402, 1999.
34. Kellum JA, Song M, Venkataraman R: Effects of hyperchloremic acidosis on arterial pressure and circulating inflammatory molecules in experimental sepsis. Chest 125:243-248, 2004.
35. Kellum JA, Song M, Almasri E: Hyperchloremic acidosis increases circulating inflammatory molecules in experimental sepsis. Chest 130:962-967, 2006.
36. Durward A, Skellett S, Mayer A, Taylor D, Tibby SM, Murdoch IA: The value of the chloride: sodium ratio in differentiating the aetiology of metabolic acidosis. Intens Care Med 27:828-835, 2001.
37. Rixen D, Raum M, Bouillon B, Lefering R, Neugebauer E: Base deficit development and its prognostic significance in post-trauma critical illness: an analysis by the trauma registry of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur unfallchirurgie. Shock 15:83-89, 2001.