Vertical profiles of NO3, N2O5, O3, and NOx in the nocturnal boundary layer: 1. Observations during the Texas Air Quality Study 2000

Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres

Volumn 109, Issue 12, 2004, Pages

  Stutz, Jochen ^a   Alicke, Björn ^a   Ackermann, Ralf ^a   Geyer, Andreas ^a   White, Allen ^b   Williams, Eric ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

Nitrate radical; Nocturnal chemistry; Vertical transport

Indexed keywords

AIR QUALITY; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; NITROGEN OXIDES; NOCTURNAL BOUNDARY LAYER; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; VERTICAL PROFILE;

NORTH AMERICA; TEXAS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 4444340653     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2003JD004209     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Alicke, B., U. Platt, and J. Stutz (2002), Impact of nitrous acid photolysis on the total hydroxyl radical budget during the Limitation of Oxidant Production/Pianura Padana Produzione di Ozono study in Milan, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D22), 8196, doi:10.1029/2000JD000075.
2. 3 concentration profiles in the troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D21), 4588, doi:10.1029/2002JD002112.
3. 3 radical with organic compounds, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 20, 459-507.
4. Bass, A. M., and R. J. Paur (1984), The ultraviolet cross-section of ozone: I. The measurements/atmospheric ozone, in Quadrennial Ozone Symposium 1984, edited by C. Czerefos and A. Ghazi, pp. 606-616, D. Reidel, Norwell, Mass.
5. Beyrich, F., U. Weisensee, D. Sprung, and H. Gusten (1996), Comparative analysis of sodar and ozone profile measurements in a complex structured boundary layer and implications for mixing height estimation, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 81, 1-9.
6. Brauers, T., M. Hausmann, U. Brandenburger, and H.-P. Dorn (1995), Improvement of differential optical absorption spectroscopy with a multi-channel scanning technique, Appl. Opt., 34, 4472-4479.
7. 5, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D17), 4539, doi: 10.1029/ 2003JD003407.
8. 3 from zenith sky measurements using an optimal estimation method, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D21), 4587, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002111.
9. Colbeck, I., and R. M. Harrison (1985), Dry deposition of ozone: Some measurements of deposition velocity and of vertical profiles to 100 metres, Atmos. Environ., 19, 1807-1818.
10. Coulter, R. L., and J. C. Doran (2002), Spatial and temporal occurrences of intermittent turbulence during CASES-99, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 105, 329-349.
11. 3, and OH, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 7149-7163.
12. 3 nighttime chemistry and its effects on subsequent ozone formation, Atmos. Environ., 31, 3041-3057.
13. Finlayson-Pitts, B. J., and J. N. Pitts (2000), Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere: Theory, Experiments and Applications, vol. 22, 969 pp., Academic, San Diego, Calif.
14. 3 in the atmospheric boundary layer, Atmos. Environ., 33, 687-691.
15. Fitzjarrald, D. R., and D. Lenschow (1983), Mean concentration and flux profiles for chemically reactive species in the atmospheric surface layer, Atmos. Environ., 17, 2505-2512.
16. Fuentes, J. D., et al. (2000), Biogenic hydrocarbons in the atmospheric boundary layer: A review, Bull. Am. Soc. Meteorol., 81, 1537-1575.
17. Galbally, I. (1968), Some measurements of ozone variation and destruction in the atmospheric surface layer, Nature, 218, 456-457.
18. Galbally, I. E. (1971), Ozone profiles and ozone fluxes in the atmospheric surface layer, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 97, 18-29.
19. Galmarini, S., P. G. Duynkerke, and J. Vilà-Guerau de Arellano (1997), Evolution of nitrogen oxide chemistry in the nocturnal boundary layer, J. Appl. Meteorol., 36, 943-957.
20. x in the nocturnal boundary layer: 2. Model studies of the interaction of chemistry and vertical mixing, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D12307*, doi: 10.1029/2003JD004211.
21. 3 radical measurements by differential optical absorption spectroscopy and matrix isolation spin resonance, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26,097-26,105.
22. Geyer, A., B. Alicke, S. Konrad, T. Schmitz, J. Stutz, and U. Platt (2001), Chemistry and oxidation capacity of the nitrate radical in the continental boundary layer near Berlin, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 8013-8025.
23. 3: Implications for urban boundary layer chemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D12), 4368, doi:10.1029/2002JD002967.
24. Geyer, A., et al. (2003b), Nighttime formation of peroxy and hydroxyl radicals during the BERLIOZ campaign: Observations and modeling studies, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D4), 8249, doi:10.1029/2001JD000656.
25. x, VOC, and meteorological parameters during the Berlin Ozone Experiment (BERLIOZ) campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D4), 8253, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002475.
26. Guenther, A., C. Geron, T. Pierce, B. Lamb, P. Harley, and R. Fall (2000), Natural emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen from North America, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2205-2230.
27. Gusten, H., G. Heinrich, and D. Sprung (1998), Nocturnal depletion of ozone in the Upper Rhine Valley, Atmos. Environ., 32, 1195-1202.
28. 5 on submicron sulfuric acid aerosols, J. Phys. Chem. A, 104, 3984-3990.
29. Hamba, F. (1993), A modified K model for chemically reactive species in the planetary boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 98(D3), 5173-5182.
30. 2 cross section at high spectral resolution, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 3861-3879.
31. 2 by long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy in the Los Angeles basin, in Optical and Laser Remote Sensing, Springer Ser. Opt. Sci., 39, 106-113.
32. Hov, O. (1983), One-dimensional vertical model for ozone and other gases in the atmosphere boundary layer, Atmos. Environ., 17, 535-550.
33. Jacob, D. J. (2000), Heterogeneous chemistry and tropospheric ozone, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2131-2159.
34. Jenkin, M. E., S. M. Saunders, V. Wagner, and M. J. Pilling (2003), Protocol for the development of the Master Chemical Mechanism, MCM v3 (Part B): Tropospheric degradation of aromatic volatile organic compounds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 181-193.
35. 4 aerosols, J. Phys. Chem. A, 105, 6465-6470.
36. 3 in the atmospheric surface layer, J. Atmos. Chem., 13, 265-298.
37. Lenschow, D. H. (1981), Reactive trace species in the boundary layer from a micrometeorological perspective, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 60, 472-480.
38. Li, S.-M., K. G. Anlauf, and H. A. Wiebe (1993), Heterogeneous nighttime production and deposition of particle nitrate at a rural site in North America during summer 1988, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 5139-5158.
39. 5, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24,345-24,350.
40. Mahrt, L., J. Sun, W. Blumen, T. Delany, and S. Oncley (1998), Nocturnal boundary-layer regimes, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 88(2), 255-278.
41. Makar, P. A., H. A. Wiebe, R. M. Staebler, S. M. Li, and K. Anlauf (1998), Measurement and modeling of particle nitrate formation, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,095-13,110.
42. 3 at different humidities, Atmos. Environ., 30, 4007-4020.
43. 3 by liquid and frozen organics, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D2), 4014, doi:10.1029/2001JD000334.
44. Pisano, J. T., I. McKendry, D. G. Steyn, and D. R. Hastie (1997), Vertical nitrogen dioxide and ozone concentrations measured from a tethered balloon in the Lower Fraser Valley, Atmos. Environ., 31, 2071-2078.
45. Platt, U. (1994), Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS), in Monitoring by Spectroscopic Techniques, edited by M. W. Sigrist, pp. 27-85, John Wiley, Hoboken, N. J.
46. 3 in the polluted troposphere by differential optical absorption, Geophys. Res. Lett., 7, 89-92.
47. Platt, U., A. Winer, H. Biermann, R. Atkinson, and J. Pitts (1984), Measurement of nitrate radical concentration in continental air, Environ. Sci. Technol., 18, 365-369.
48. 3 with organic compounds, Nature, 348, 147-149.
49. Platt, U., et al. (2002), Free radicals and fast photochemistry during BERLIOZ, J. Atmos. Chem., 42, 359-394.
50. 5 on chemistry and nitrate aerosol formation in the lower troposphere under photosmog conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D4), 4144, doi:10.1029/ 2003JD002436.
51. 3 on pure water and ionic solutions, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 21,023-21,031.
52. Saunders, S. M., M. E. Jenkin, R. G. Derwent, and M. J. Pilling (2003), Protocol for the development of the Master Chemical Mechanism, MCM v3: Part A. Tropospheric degradation of non-aromatic volatile organic compounds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 161-180.
53. Smith, N., J. M. C. Plane, C. Nien, and O. A. Solomon (1995), Nighttime radical chemistry in the San Joaquin Valley, Atmos. Environ., 29, 2887-2897.
54. Stull, R. B. (1988), An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology, 670 pp., Kluwer Acad., Norwell, Mass.
55. Stutz, J. (1996), Messung der Konzentration troposphärischer Spurenstoffe mittels Differentieller Optischer Absorptionspektroskopie: Eine neue Gerneration von Geräten und Algorithmen, Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
56. Stutz, J., and U. Platt (1996), Numerical analysis and estimation of the statistical error of differential optical absorption spectroscopy measurements with least-squares methods, Appl. Opt., 35(30), 6041-6053.
57. Stutz, J., and U. Platt (1997), Improving long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy with a quartz-fiber mode mixer, Appl. Opt., 36, 1105-1115.
58. 2 in urban plumes, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D3), 4496, doi:10.1029/2003JD003559.
59. 2O, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 5, 487-495.
60. 3 profiles using off-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy measurements during sunrise and comparison with simulations, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D13), 4168, doi:10.1029/2001JD000481.
61. 3 in a large teflon chamber, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2169-2172.
62. 5 on sodium nitrate aerosol, J Geophys. Res., 103, 31,103-31,112.
63. 5 + (M) equilibrium, J. Phys. Chem. A, 101, 9694-9698.
64. Wayne, R. P., et al. (1991), The nitrate radical: Physics, chemistry, and the atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., Part A, 25, 1-203.
65. Wesely, M. L., and B. B. Hicks (2000), A review of the current status of knowledge on dry deposition, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2261-2282.
66. 3 absorption, J. Phys. Chem., 98, 13,144-13,150.