Attachment models of the self and others: Relations with self-esteem, humanity-esteem, and parental treatment

Personal Relationships

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 281-303

  Luke, Michelle A ^a,b   Maio, Gregory R ^a   Carnelley, Katherine B ^b  

^a CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 4444236423     PISSN: 13504126     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2004.00083.x     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Abelson, R. P. (1995). Statistics as principled argument. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
2. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
3. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
4. Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 226-244.
5. Bartholomew, K., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Methods of assessing adult attachment: Do they converge? In J. A. Simpson, & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 25-45). London: Guilford Press.
6. Beyer, S. (1990). Gender differences in the accuracy of self-evaluations of performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 960-970.
7. Bowlby, J. (1944). Forty-four juvenile thieves: Their characters and homelife. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 25, 19-53.
8. Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss (Vol. 1): Attachment. New York: Basic Books.
9. Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss (Vol. 2): Separation. New York: Basic Books
10. Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson, & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46-76). London: Guilford Press.
11. Cantril, H. (1932). General and specific attitudes. Psychological Monographs, 42 (5, Whole No. 192).
12. Carnelley, K. B., & Janoff-Bulman, R. (1992). Optimism about love relationships: General vs. specific lessons from one's personal experiences. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 9, 5-20.
13. Carnelley, K. B., Pietromonaco, P. R., & Jaffe, K. (1994). Depression, working models of others, and relationship functioning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 127-140.
14. Cassidy, J., Kirsh, S. J., Scolton, K. L., & Parke, R. D. (1996). Attachment and representations of peer relationships. Developmental Psychology, 32, 892-904.
15. Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 644-663.
16. Coopersmith, S. (1981). Antecedents of self-esteem. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. (Original work published 1967)
17. Cozzarelli, C., Hoekstra, S. J., & Bylsma, W. H. (2000). General versus specific mental models of attachment: Are they associated with different outcomes? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 605-618.
18. Cross, S. E., & Madson, L. (1997). Models of the self: Self-construal and gender. Psychological Bulletin, 122, 5-37.
19. Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex differences in social behavior: A social role interpretation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
20. Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
21. Epstein, S. (1960). The Mother-Father-Peer Scale. Unpublished manuscript. University of Massachusetts at Amherst.
22. Erikson, E. H. (1995). Childhood and society (2nd ed.). London: Vintage. (Original work published 1963)
23. Esses, V. M., Haddock, G., & Zanna, M. P. (1993). Values, stereotypes, and emotions, as determinants of intergroup attitudes. In D. M. Mackie, & D. L. Hamilton (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and stereotyping: Interactive processes in group perception (pp. 137-166). New York: Academic Press.
24. Esses, V. M., & Maio, G. R. (2002). Expanding the assessment of attitude components and structure: The benefits of open-ended measures. In W. Stroebe, & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 12, pp. 71-102). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
25. Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (1990). Attachment style as a predictor of adult romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 281-291.
26. Fleming, J. S., & Courtney, B. E. (1984). The dimensionality of self-esteem. II. Hierarchical facet model for revised measurement scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 404-421.
27. Fleming, J. S., & Watts, W. A. (1980). The dimensionality of self-esteem: Some results from a college sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 921-929.
28. Fletcher, G. J. O., Simpson, J. A., Thomas, G., & Giles, L. (1999). Ideals in intimate relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 72-89.
29. Fraley, R. C., & Davis, K. E. (1997). Attachment formation and transfer in young adults' close friendships and romantic relationships. Personal Relationships, 4, 131-144.
30. Fraley, R. C., Waller, N. G., & Brennan, K. A. (2000). An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 350-365.
31. Gecas, V., & Schwalbe, M. L. (1986). Parental behavior and adolescent self-esteem. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 48, 37-46.
32. George, C., Kaplan, N., & Main, M. (1984). Adult attachment interview. Unpublished manuscript. University of California at Berkeley.
33. Griffin, D. W., & Bartholomew, K. (1994a). The metaphysics of measurement: The case of adult attachment. In K. Bartholomew, & D. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships (Vol. 5, pp. 17-52). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
34. Griffin, D. W., & Bartholomew, K. (1994b). Models of self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 430-445.
35. Gurung, R. A., Sarason, B. R., & Sarason, I. G. (2001). Predicting relationship quality and emotional reactions to stress from significant-other- concept clarity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1267-1276.
36. Hare, R. D. (1996). Psychopathology: A clinical construct whose time has come. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 23, 25-54.
37. Harris, J. R. (1995). Where is the child's environment? A group socialization theory of development. Psychological Review, 102, 458-489.
38. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1987). Romantic love as conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 511-524.
39. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1990). Love and work: An attachment-theoretical perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 511-524.
40. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55.
41. Katz, D., & Stotland, E. (1959). A preliminary statement to a theory of attitude structure and change. In S. Koch (Ed.), Psychology: A study of science (Vol. 3, pp. 423-475). New York: McGraw-Hill.
42. Klohnen, E. C., & John, O. P. (1998). Working models of attachment: A theory-based prototype approach. In J. A. Simpson, & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 115-140). London: Guilford Press.
43. Lamb, M. E. (1977). Father-infant and mother-infant interaction in the first year of life. Child Development, 48, 167-181.
44. Lamb, M. E. (1981). The development of infant-father relationships. In M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The role of the father in child development (pp. 458-488). New York: Wiley.
45. Lamb, M. E., & Oppenheim, D. (1989). Fatherhood and father-child relationships: Five years of research. In S. H. Cath, A. R. Gurwitt, & J. M. Ross (Eds.), Fathers and their families: Developmental Perspectives (pp. 11-26). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
46. Levy, K. N., Blatt, S. J., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Attachment styles and parental representations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 407-419.
47. Leyens, J.-P., Paladino, M.-P., Rodriguez-Torres, R., Vaes, J., Demoulin, S., Rodriguez-Perez, A., & Gaunt, R. (2000). The emotional side of prejudice: The role of secondary emotions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4, 186-197.
48. Leyens, J.-P., Rodriguez-Perez, A., Rodriguez-Torres, R., Gaunt, R., Paladino, M. P., Vaes, J., & Demoulin, S. (2001). Psychological essentialism and the differential attribution of uniquely human emotions to ingroups and outgroups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 31, 395-411.
49. Luhtanen, R., & Crocker, J. (1992). A collective self-esteem scale: Self-evaluation of one's social identity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 302-318.
50. Luke, M. A. (2003). Oh the humanity! Correlates, antecedents, and consequences of humanity-esteem. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
51. Luke, M. A., & Maio, G. R. (2004). Oh the humanity! The measurement, manipulation, and social importance of humanity-esteem. Manuscript submitted for publication.
52. Luke, M. A., Maio, G. R., & Carnelley, K. B. (2002, February). O' the humanity! The development of the Humanity-Esteem Scale. Poster presented at the 3rd annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Savannah, GA.
53. Main, M., & Goldwyn, R. (1994). Adult attachment rating and classification system: Manual in draft (Version 6). Unpublished manuscript. University of California at Berkeley.
54. Maio, G. R., Fincham, F. D., & Lycett, E. J. (2000). Attitudinal ambivalence toward parents and attachment style. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36, 1451-1464.
55. Marsh, H. W. (1986). Global self-esteem: Its relation to specific facets of the self-concept and their importance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1224-1236.
56. Marsh, H. W. (1990). A multidimensional, hierarchical model of self-concept: Theoretical and empirical justification. Educational Psychology Review, 81, 77-172.
57. McHoskey, J. W., Worzel, W., & Szyarto, C. (1998). Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 192-210.
58. Mikulincer, M. (1998). Attachment working models and sense of trust: An exploration of interaction goals and affect regulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1209-1224.
59. Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., Griffin, D. W., Bellavia, G., & Rose, P. (2001). The mismeasure of love: How self-doubt contaminates relationship beliefs. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 423-436.
60. Park, K. A., & Waters, E. (1989). Security of attachment and preschool friendships. Child Development, 60, 1076-1081.
61. Rice, K. G., Cunningham, T. J., & Young, M. B. (1997). Attachment to parents, social competence, and emotional well-being: A comparison of black and white late adolescents. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 44, 89-101.
62. Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring global self-esteem: Construct validation of a single-item measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151-161.
63. Rosenberg, M. (1956). Misanthropy and political ideology. American Sociological Review, 21, 690-695.
64. Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. Malabar, FL: Krieger.
65. Rosenberg, M. (1989). Society and the adolescent self-image (Rev. ed.). Middletown, CN: Wesleyan University Press.
66. Rosenberg, M. J., & Hovland, C. I. (1960). Cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of attitudes. In C. I. Hovland, & M. J. Rosenberg (Eds.), Attitude organization and change: An analysis of consistency among attitude components (pp. 1-14). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
67. Rosenstein, D. S., & Horowitz, H. A. (1996). Adolescent attachment and psychopathology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 244-253.
68. Rowe, A., & Carnelley, K. B. (2003). Attachment style differences in the processing of attachment-relevant information: Primed-style effects on recall, interpersonal expectations and affect. Personal Relationships, 10, 59-75.
69. Simpson, J. (1990). The influence of attachment style on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 51-64.
70. Tafarodi, R. W., & Swann, W. B. (1995). Self-Liking and self-competence as dimensions of global self-esteem: Initial validation of a measure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 65, 322-342.
71. Triandis, H. C. (1971). Attitude and attitude change. New York: Wiley.
72. Turner, J. C. (1985). Social categorization and the self-concept: A social cognitive theory of group behaviour. In E. J. Lawler (Ed.), Advances in group processes (Vol. 2, pp. 77-122). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
73. Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., & Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
74. Turner, J. C., Oakes, P. J., Haslam, S. A., & McGarty, C. (1994). Self and collective: Cognition and social context. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 454-463.
75. Winefield, H. R., Goldney, R. D., Tiggeman, M., & Winefield, A. H. (1990). Parental rearing behaviors: Stability of reports over time and relation to adult interpersonal skills. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 15, 211-219.
76. Wrightsman, L. S. (1991). Interpersonal trust and attitudes toward human nature. In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, & L. S. Wrightsman (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes. London: Academic Press.
77. Wrightsman, L. S. (1992). Assumptions about human nature: Implications for researchers and practitioners. London: Sage.
78. Yogman, M. W. (1982). Observations on the father-infant relationship. In S. H. Cath, A. R. Gurwitt, & J. M. Ross (Eds.), Father and child: Developmental Perspectives (pp. 101-122). Boston, MA: Little, Brown.
79. Youngblade, L. M., & Belsky, J. (1992). Parent-child antecedents of 5-year olds' close friendships: A longitudinal analysis. Developmental Psychology, 28, 700-713.
80. Zanna, M. P., & Rempel, J. K. (1988). Attitudes: A new look at an old concept. In D. Bar-Tal, & A. W. Kruglanski (Eds.), The social psychology of knowledge (pp. 315-334). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.