Ecological theory and values in the determination of conservation goals: Examples from temperate regions of Germany, United States of America, and Chile

Revista Chilena de Historia Natural

Volumn 77, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 349-366

  Jax, Kurt ^a,b   Rozzi, Ricardo ^b  

^a HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH UFZ   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSIDAD DE MAGALLANES   (Chile)

Author keywords

Chile; Comparative approach; Conservation; Ecological theory; Ecosystem management; Ecotourism; Germany; Images of nature; Magellan region; Social values; Yellowstone

Indexed keywords

CELLULAR ORGANISMS;

EID: 4444230757     PISSN: 0716078X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-078X2004000200012     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. ABU SIN ME (1991) Community-based sustainable development in central Butana, Sudan. In: Baxter PTW (ed) When the grass is gone: 152-161. The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, Uppsala, Sweden.
2. AHL V & TH ALLEN (1996) Hierarchy theory: a vision, vocabulary, and epistemology. Columbia University Press, New York, New York, USA. 206 pp.
3. ALCORN JB (1991) Ethics, economics and conservation. In: Oldfield ML & JB Alcorn (eds) Biodiversity: culture, conservation and ecodevelopment: 317-349. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
4. ARMESTO JJ & C SMITH-RAMÍREZ (2001) Importancia de la distribución de las áreas protegidas: el caso del bosque chileno. In: Primack R, R Rozzi, P Feinsinger, R Dirzo & F Massardo (eds) Elementos de conservación biológica: perspectivas Latinoamericanas: 454-456. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Ciudad de México, México.
5. ARMESTO JJ, C SMITH-RAMÍREZ & R ROZZI (2001) A strategy for managing Chilean ecosystems for conservation and indigenous people. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 31: 865-877.
6. ARMESTO JJ, R ROZZI, C SMITH-RAMÍREZ & MTK ARROYO (1998) Effective conservation targets in South American temperate forests. Science 282: 1271-1272.
7. BERLEPSCH HV (1899) Der gesamte Vogelschutz, seine Begründung und Ausführung. Verlag Eugen Köhler, Gera, Germany. 89 pp.
8. BOTKIN DB (1990) Discordant harmonies. A new ecology for the 21th century. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom. 241 pp.
9. BOYCE MS & A HANEY (eds) (1997) Ecosystem management. Applications for sustainable forest and wildlife resources. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 361 pp.
10. BRUNER AG, RE GULLISON, RE RICE, G DA FONSECA (2001) Effectiveness of parks in protecting tropical biodiversity. Science 291: 125-128.
11. CALLICOTT B (1999) Beyond the land ethic: more essays in environmental philosophy. State University of New York Press, Albany, New York, USA. 427 pp.
12. CALLICOTT JB & MP NELSON (1998) The great new wilderness debate. University of Georgia Press, Athens, Georgia, USA. 696 pp.
13. CARPENTER RA (1995) A consensus among ecologists for ecosystem management. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 76: 161-162.
14. CHAPIN T & O SALA (eds) (2001) Future scenarios for biological diversity. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany. 392 pp.
15. CHRISTENSEN NL, AM BARTUSKA, SR CARPENTER, C D'ANTONIO, R FRANCIS, JF FRANKLIN, JA MACMAHON, RF NOSS, DJ PARSONS, CH PETERSON, MG TURNER & RG WOODMANSEE (1996) The report of the Ecological Society of America committee on the scientific basis for ecosystem management. Ecological Applications 6: 665-691.
16. COSTANZA R, R D'ARGE, R DE GROOT, S FARBER, M GRASSO, B HANNON, K LIMBURG, S NAEEM, RV O'NEILL, J PARUELO, RG RASKIN, P SUTTON & M VAN DEN BELT (1997) The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387: 253-260
17. DAILY G, ed. (1997) Nature's services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems. Island Press, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. 392 pp.
18. DALY HE, TOWNSEND KN (1994) Valuing the earth: economics, ecology, ethics. MIT Press, Cambrige, Massachusetts, USA. 384 pp.
19. DI CASTRI & V BALAJI (2002) Tourism, biodiversity and information. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands. 501 pp.
20. DIAMOND J (1999) Guns, germs, and steel: the fates of human societies. Norton & Company, New York, New York, USA. 480 pp.
21. DOLLENZ O (1991) Recolonización de un coironal incendiado en el Parque Nacional Torres del Paine, Magallanes, Chile. Master Thesis, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. 92 pp.
22. DOMINICK RHI (1992) The environmental movement in Germany. Prophets and pioneers 1871-1971. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. 290 pp.
23. FERRER M (2001) Turismo en Torres del Paine. Tesis de Maestria, Departamento de Geografía de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, España. 154 pp.
24. FIGUEROA E & J SIMONETTI (eds) (2003) Biodiversidad y globalización. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago, Chile. 327 pp.
25. FIGUEROA E, C BRAVO & R ÁLVAREZ (2003) Biodiversidad y turismo: oportunidades para el desarrollo económico y la conservación en Chile. In: Figueroa E & J Simonetti (eds) Biodiversidad y globalización: 285-323. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago, Chile.
26. GÓMEZ-POMPA A & A AKAUS (1992) Taming the wilderness myth. Environmental policy and education are currently based on western beliefs about nature rather than on reality. BioScience 42: 271-279.
27. GRUMBINE RE (1994) What is ecosystem management? Conservation Biology 8: 27-38.
28. GUSINDE M (1946) Urmenschen im Feuerland. Paul Zsolnay Verlag, Berlin, Germany. 389 pp.
29. GUSINDE M (1961) The Yamana: the life and thought of the water nomads of Cape Horn. Volumes I-V, translated by F. Schutze. New Haven Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 415 pp.
30. INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE (IUCN) (1994) Guidelines for protected area management categories. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 261 pp.
31. JARDIN M & C KARES (2000) Solving the puzzle: the ecosystem approach and biosphere reserves. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Paris, France. 32 pp.
32. JAX K (2001) Naturbild, Ökologietheorie und Naturschutz: zur Geschichte des Ökosystemmanagements im Yellowstone-Nationalpark. Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie 7: 115-134.
33. JAX K (2002a) Die Einheiten der Ökologie. Analyse, Methodenentwicklung und -anwendung in ökologie und Naturschutz. Peter Lang, Frankfurt, Germany. 249 pp.
34. JAX K (2002b) Zur Transformation ökologischer Fachbegriffe beim Eingang in Verwaltungsnormen und Rechtstexte: das Beispiel des Ökosystembegriffs. In: Bobbert M, M Düwell & K Jax (eds) Umwelt, Ethik & Recht: 69-97. Francke-Verlag, Tübingen, Germany.
35. JAX K (2003) Wofür braucht der Naturschutz die wissenschaftliche Ökologie? Die Kontroversen um den Hudson River als Testfall. Natur und Landschaft 78: 93-99.
36. JAX K, CG JONES & STA PICKETT (1998) The self-identity of ecological units. Oikos 82: 253-264.
37. JENTSCH A, H WITTMER, K JAX, I RING & K HENLE (2003) Biodiversity. Emerging issues for linking natural and social sciences. Gaia 12: 121-128.
38. KAY CE (1994) Aboriginal overkill. The role of native Americans in structuring western ecosystems. Human Nature 5: 359-398.
39. KNAUT A (1990) Der Landschafts- und Naturschutzgedanke bei Ernst Rudorff. Natur und Landschaft 65: 114-118.
40. KNAUT A (1993) Zurück zur Natur! Die Wurzeln der Ökologiebewegung. Jahrbuch für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege (Supplement) 1: 1-480.
41. LEOPOLD AS, SA CAIN, CM COTTHAM, IM GABRIELSON & TL KIMBALL (1963) Wildlife management in the national parks. Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference 28: 28-45
42. LIU J, M LINDERMAN, Z OUYANG, L AN, J YANG & H ZHANG (2001) Ecological degredation in protected areas: the case of Wolong nature reserve for giant pandas. Science 292:98-101.
43. LIZARRALDE M & C VENEGAS (2001) El castor: un ingeniero exótico en las tierras más australes del planeta. In: Primack R, R Rozzi, P Feinsinger, R Dirzo & F Massardo (eds) Elementos de conservación biológica: perspectivas Latinoamericanas: 233-235. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Ciudad de México, México.
44. MANN C (2002) 1491. The Atlantic 289: 195-211.
45. MARTÍN C & C CHEHÉBAR (2001) The national parks of Argentinian Patagonia -management policies for conservation, public use, rural settlements, and indigenous communities. Journal of The Royal Society of New Zealand 31: 845-864.
46. MARTINIC M (1984) Última esperanza en el tiempo. Ediciones Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile. 289 pp.
47. MASSARDO F, O DOLLENZ & R ROZZI (2001) Ecoturismo en el Cono Austral de América. In: Primack R, R Rozzi, P Feinsinger, R Dirzo & F Massardo (eds) Elementos de conservación biológica: perspectivas Latinoamericanas: 303-305. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Ciudad de México, México.
48. MCDONNELL MJ & STA PICKETT (eds) (1993) Human as components of ecosystems. Springer Verlag, New York, New York, USA. 364 pp.
49. MCKIRAHAN RD (1994) Philosophy before Socrates. Hackett Publishers, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. 436 pp.
50. MUÑOZ M, H NÚÑEZ & J YÁÑEZ (eds) (1996) Libro rojo de los sitios prioritarios para la conservación de la biodiversidad biológica en Chile. Corporación Nacional Forestal, Santiago, Chile. 203 pp.
51. NASH R (1982) Wilderness and the American mind. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 425 pp.
52. NORTON BG (1991) Toward unity among environmentalists. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA. 287 pp.
53. OELSCHLAEGER M (1991) The idea of wilderness. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 477 pp.
54. ORMAZÁBAL C (1988) Sistemas nacionales de áreas protegidas en América Latina. Oficina Regional de la FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) para América Latina y el Caribe, Santiago, Chile. 205 pp.
55. PICKETT STA, J KOLASA & CG JONES (1994) Ecological understanding: the nature of theory and the theory of nature. Academic Press, Orlando, Florida, USA. xiii + 206 pp.
56. PICKETT STA & RS OSTFELD (1995) The shifting paradigm in ecology. In: Knight RL & SF Bates (eds) A new century for natural resources management: 261-278. Island Press, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
57. PICKETT STA, M SHACHAK, RS OSTFELD & GE LIKENS (1997) Toward a comprehensive conservation theory. In: Pickett STA, RS Ostfeld, M Shachak & GE Likens (eds) The ecological basis of conservation: heterogeneity, ecosystems, and biodiversity: 384-399. Chapman & Hall, New York, New York, USA.
58. PLACHTER H (1996) Bedeutung und Schutz ökologischer Prozesse. Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Ökologie 26: 287-303.
59. PRIMACK R, R ROZZI, P FEINSINGER, R DIRZO & F MASSARDO (2001) Elementos de conservación biológica: perspectivas Latinoamericanas. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Ciudad de México, México. 797 pp.
60. ROLSTON HI (1990) Biology and philosophy in Yellowstone. Biology and Philosophy 5: 241-258.
61. ROZZI R (1999) The reciprocal links between evolutionary-ecological sciences and environmental ethics. BioScience 49: 911-921.
62. ROZZI R (2002) Biological and cultural conservation in the archipelago forest ecosystems of southern Chile. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA. 359 pp
63. ROZZI R (2003) Biodiversity and social wellbeing in South America. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS). UNESCO-EOLSS. http://www.eolss.net
64. ROZZI R & P FEINSINGER (2001) Desafíos para la conservación biologica en Latinoamérica. In: Primack R, R Rozzi, P Feinsinger, R Dirzo & F Massardo (eds) Elementos de conservación biológica: perspectivas Latinoamericanas: 661-688. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Ciudad de México, México.
65. ROZZI R, JJ ARMESTO & J FIGUEROA (1994) Biodiversidad y conservación de los bosques nativos de Chile: una aproximación jerárquica. Bosque 15: 55-64.
66. ROZZI R, E HARGROVE, JJ ARMESTO, STA PICKETT & J SILANDER (1998) "Natural drift" as a post-modern metaphor. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 71: 9-21.
67. ROZZI R, J SILANDER, JJ ARMESTO, P FEINSINGER & F MASSARDO (2000) Three levels of integrating ecology with the conservation of South American temperate forests: the initiative of the Institute of Ecological Research Chiloé, Chile. Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 1199-1217.
68. ROZZI R, R PRIMACK, P FEINSINGER, R DIRZO & F MASSARDO (2001) ¿Qué es la Conservación? In: Primack R, R Rozzi, P Feinsinger, R Dirzo & F Massardo (eds) Elementos de conservación biológica: perspectivas Latinoamericanas: 35-58. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Ciudad de México, México.
69. RUNTE A (1997) National parks. The American experience. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. 335 pp.
70. RUSSELL HS (1980) Indian New England before the Mayflower. University Press of New England, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. 284 pp.
71. SALGUERO J (2001) Integración social en los parques nacionales andino-patagónicos. In: Primack R, R Rozzi, P Feinsinger, R Dirzo & F Massardo (eds) Elementos de conservación biológica: perspectivas Latinoamericanas: 499-501. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Ciudad de México, México.
72. SELLARS RW (1997) Preserving nature in the national parks. A history. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 380 pp.
73. SHAXSON TF (1991) National development policy and soil conservation programs. "Conservation for Sustainable Hillslope Farming", International Workshop Proceedings. FAO, Masera, Lesotho, South Africa.
74. SIMBERLOFF D (1998) Flagships, umbrellas, and keystones: is single-species management passé in the landscape era? Biological Conservation 83: 247-257.
75. SMITH RD & E MALTBY (2001) Using the ecosystem approach to implement the CBD. A global synthesis report drawing lessons from three regional pathfinder workshops. UNESCO/MAB (http//:www.unesco.org/mab/docs/Report.pdf), Paris, France. 69 pp.
76. SZARO RC, WT SEXTON & CR MALONE (1998) The emergence of ecosystem management as a tool for meeting people's needs and sustaining ecosystems. Landscape and Urban Planning 40: 1-7.
77. TOULMIN C (1991) Bridging the gap between top-down and bottom-up in natural resource management. In: Baxter PTW (ed) When the grass is gone:152-161. The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, Uppsala, Sweden.
78. VALE TR (1998) The myth of the humanized landscape: an example from Yosemite National Park. Natural Areas Journal 18: 231-236.
79. VILLARROEL P (1996) El caso de Puerto Natales - Torres del Paine, XII Región: efecto del turismo en el desarrollo local. Ambiente y Desarrollo XII 4: 58-64.
80. VITOUSEK PM (1994) Beyond global warming: ecology and global change. Ecology 75: 1861-1876.
81. YAFFEE SL (1999) Three faces of ecosystem management. Conservation Biology 13: 713-725.