Design and fabrication of efficient collimation and focusing optics for mid-IR quantum cascade lasers

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Volumn 6952, Issue , 2008, Pages

  Bernacki, Bruce E ^a   Krishnaswami, Kannan ^a   Anheier Jr , Norman C ^a   Cannon, Bret D ^a  

^a PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Beam propagation; Infrared lens design; Infrared sensing; Quantum cascade lasers

Indexed keywords

BEAM PROPAGATION METHOD; DIFFRACTION; INFRARED RADIATION; OPTICAL SYSTEMS; SOLID STATE LASERS; WAVELENGTH;

CHEMICAL SENSING APPLICATIONS; ELLIPTICAL EMISSION; INFRARED LENS DESIGN; INFRARED SENSING;

QUANTUM CASCADE LASERS;

EID: 44349131509     PISSN: 0277786X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1117/12.771404     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (23)

1. Faist, J., Capasso, F., Sivco, D. L., Sirtori, C., Hutchinson, A. L., and Cho, A. Y., "Quantum Cascade Laser," Science, 264, 553-556(1994).
2. Bakhirkin, Y.A., Kosterev, A. A., Roller, C., Curl, R.F., and Tittel, F.K., "Mid-infrared quantum cascade laser based off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy for biogenic nitric oxide detection," Appl. Opt., 43, 2257-2256 (2004).
3. Capasso, F., Paiella, R., Martini, R., Colombelli, R., Gmachl, C., Myers, T.L., Taubman, M.S., Williams, R.M., Bethea, C.G., Unterrainer, K., Hwang, H.Y., Sivco, D.L., Cho, A.Y., Sergent, A.M., Liu, H.C., and Whittaker, E.A., "Quantum cascade lasers: ultrahigh-speed operation, optical wireless communication, narrow linewidth, and far-infrared emission," IEEE J. Quantum. Electron., vol. 38, 511-532 (2002).
4. Hofstetter, D., Beck, M., Aellen, T., Faist, J., Oesterle, U., Ilegems, M., Gini, E., and Melchior, H., "Continuous wave operation of a 9.3 um quantum cascade laser on a Peltier cooler," Appl. Phys. Lett, 78, 1964-1966 (2001).
5. Liu, Z., Wasserman, D., Howard, S.S., Hoffman, A.J., Gmachl, C.F., Wang, X., Tanbun-Ek, T., Cheng, L., and Choa, F.S., "Room-temperature continuous-wave quantum cascade lasers grown by MOCVD without lateral regrowth," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 18, 1347-1349 (2006).
6. Malis, O., Gmachl, C., Sivco, D.L., Pfeiffer, L.N., Sergent, A.M. and West, K.W., "The Quantum Cascade Laser: A Versatile High-Power Semiconductor Laser for Mid-Infrared Application," Bell Labs Tech. J., 10, 199-214 (2005).
7. Sirtori, C., Page, H., C. Becker, and Ortiz, V., "GaAs-AlGaAs Quantum Cascade Laser: Physics, Technology and Prospects," IEEE J. Quantum Elec, 38, 547-558 (2002).
8. http://www.alpeslasers.ch
9. http://www.maxion.com
10. Krishnaswami, K., Bernacki, B.E., Canon, B.D., Ho, N., and Anheier, N.C., "Emission and Propagation Properties of Mid-IR Quantum Cascade Lasers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., Vol. 20, 306-308 (2008)
11. Wojcik, M.D., Phillips, M.C., Cannon, B.D., and Taubman, M.S., "Gas-phase photoacoustic sensor at 8.41 um using quartz tuning forks and amplitude-modulated quantum cascade lasers," Applied Physics B, 85, 2394-2398 (2006).
12. http://www.zemax.com
13. Welford, W.T., [Aberrations of Optical Systems], Adam Hilger Ltd., Bristol, 1986.
14. http://www.oasys-tecffflology.com
15. http://www.access-laser.com
16. http://www.cyanogen.com/products/qf_main.htm
17. Siegman, A.E., [Lasers], University Science Books, Mill Valley, 1986.
18. Siegman, A.E., "Analysis of laser beam quality degradation caused by quartic phase aberrations," Appl. Opt, 32, 5893-5901 (1993).
19. Siegman, A., Nemes, G., and Sema, J., "How to (Maybe) Measure Laser Beam Quality," in DPSS (Diode Pumped Solid State) Lasers: Applications and Issues, M. Dowley, ed., Vol. 17 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optical Society of America), 184-199(1998).
20. ISO 11146-1:2005, [Test methods for laser beam widths, divergence angles and beam propagation ratios -Part 1: Stigmatic and simple astigmatic beams], International Organization for Standardization (2005).
21. Mansuripur, M. and Wright, E.M., "The Optics of Semiconductor Lasers," Opt. Photon. News, 13, 57-61 (2002).
22. Fox, R. W. and Holberg, L., "Semiconductor Diode Lasers," in Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences, 29C, Academic Press, Boston, 1997.
23. Carney, P.S. and Gbur, G. "Optimal apodizations for finite apertures," J. Opt. Soc. Am., 16, 1638-1640 (1999).