Human Papilloma Virus - Prevention and Treatment

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 199-217

  Diaz, Maria Lina ^a  

^a DEPARTMENT OF COLORECTAL SURGERY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CIDOFOVIR; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; FLUOROURACIL; IMIQUIMOD; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PLACEBO; TRICHLOROACETIC ACID; WART VIRUS VACCINE;

ADENOCARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA IN SITU; ANAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; ANUS CARCINOMA; ANUS DISEASE; BEDTIME DOSAGE; BRONCHOSCOPY; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER PREVENTION; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RISK; CANCER SCREENING; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURGERY; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONDYLOMA ACUMINATUM; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFECTION PREVENTION; PAPANICOLAOU TEST; PAPILLOMATOSIS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY RECURRENT PAPILLOMATOSIS; REVIEW; SECONDARY PREVENTION; SKIN IRRITATION; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; UTERINE CERVIX CARCINOMA IN SITU; UTERINE CERVIX CYTOLOGY; VACCINATION; VAGINA CARCINOMA; VAGINAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; VIRUS LIKE AGENT; VIRUS STRAIN; VULVA CARCINOMA; VULVA DISEASE; VULVAR INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; WART VIRUS;

CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; CONDYLOMATA ACUMINATA; FEMALE; GENITAL NEOPLASMS, FEMALE; HUMANS; PAPILLOMA; PAPILLOMAVIRIDAE; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS;

EID: 43649101982     PISSN: 08898545     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2008.03.002     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. Spitzer M. Human papillomavirus: epidemiology, natural history, and clinical sequelae. OBG Management Supplement 18 (2006) S5-S10
2. De Villiers E.M., Fauquet C., Broker T.R., et al. Classification of human papillomaviruses. Virology 324 (2004) 17-27
3. Brown D.R., Schroeder J.M., Bryan J.Y., et al. Detection of multiple human papilloma virus types in condyloma acuminata lesions from otherwise healthy and immunosuppressed patients. J Clin Microbiol 37 (1999) 3316-3322
4. IARC. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Human papillomaviruses vol. 64 (1995), International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon (France)
5. Koutsky L.A., Galloway D.A., and Holmes K.K. Epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus infection. Epidemiol Rev 10 (1988) 122-163
6. Gillison M.L., Koch W.M., Capone R.B., et al. Evidence for a causal association between human papilloma of head and neck cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 92 (2000) 709-720
7. Centers for Disease Control. The national breast and cervical cancer early detection program-reducing mortality through screening. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/nbccedp/bccpdfs/BCC-FS2003Update.pdf. 2006. Accessed December, 2007.
8. American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2006. Available at: (2006). http://www.americancancersociety.org Accessed April 5, 2008
9. National Institutes of Health. Cervical cancer: NIH consensus development conference statement. 1996;14:1-38.
10. Parkin D.M., Bray F., and Ferlay J. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 55 2 (2005) 74-108
11. Wallin K.L., Wiklund F., Angstrom T., et al. Type-specific persistence of human papillomavirus DNA before the development of invasive cervical cancer. N Engl J Med 341 (1999) 1633-1638
12. Herrington C.S. Human papilloma virus and cervical neoplasia. II. Interaction of HPV with other factors. J Clin Pathol 48 (1995) 1
13. Smith J.S., Herrero R., Boseetti C., et al. Herpes simplex virus-2 as a human papillomavirus cofactor in the etiology of invasive cervical cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 94 (2002) 1604-1613
14. Plummer M., Herrero R., Franceschi S., et al. Smoking and cervical cancer: pooled analysis of the IARC multicentric case-control study. Cancer Causes Control 14 (2003) 805-814
15. Moreno V., Bosch F.X., Munoz N., et al. International agency for research on cancer. multicentric cervical cancer study group. Effect of oral contraceptives on risk of cervical cancer in women with human papillomavirus infection: the IARC multicentric case-control study. Lancet 359 (2002) 1085-1092
16. Chilvers C., Mant D., and Pike M.C. Cervical adenocarcinoma and oral contraceptives. BMJ 295 (1987) 1446-1447
17. Vaccarella S., Franceschi S., Herrero R., et al. Sexual behavior, condom use, and human papillomavirus: pooled analysis of the IARC human papilloma prevalence surveys. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15 (2006) 326-333
18. Levi J.E., Kleter B., Quint W.G., et al. High prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and high frequency of multiple HPV genotypes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women in Brazil. J Clin Microbiol 40 (2002) 3341-3345
19. Penn I. Cancers of the anogenital region in renal transplant patients. Cancer 58 (1986) 611-616
20. Kurman R.J., Norris H.J., and Wilkinson E.J. Atlas of tumor pathology: tumors of the cervix, vagina, and the vulva. 3rd series (1992), Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC
21. Benedet J.L., Bender H., Jones III H., et al. FIGO staging classifications and clinical practice guidelines in the management of gynecologic cancers. FIGO committee on gynecologic oncology. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 70 (2000) 209-262
22. Holschneider C.H., Ghosh K., and Montz F.J. See and treat in the management of high-grade intraepithelial lesions of the cervix: a resource utilization analysis. Obstet Gynecol 94 (1999) 377-385
23. Wright T.C., Massad L.S., Dunton C.J., et al. 2006 consensus guidelines for the management of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or adenocarcinoma in situ. J Low Genit Tract Dis 11 (2007) 223-239
24. Moscicki A.B., Shiboski S., Hills N.K., et al. Regression of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in young women. Lancet 364 (2004) 1678-1683
25. Kyrgiou M., Koliopoulos G., Martin-Hirsch P., et al. Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for intraepithelial or early invasive cervical lesions: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 367 (2006) 489-498
26. Nuovo J., Melnikow J., Willan A.R., et al. Treatment outcomes for squamous intraepithelial lesions. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 68 (2000) 25-33
27. Winer R.L., Hughes J.P., Fen Q., et al. Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women. N Engl J Med 354 (2006) 2645-2654
28. Koutsky L.A., Ault K.A., Wheeler C., et al. A controlled trial of a human papillomavirus type 16 vaccine. N Engl J Med 347 (2002) 1645-1651
29. Villa L.L., Ault K.A., Guiliano A.R., et al. Immunologic responses following administration of a vaccine targeting human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18. Vaccine 24 (2006) 5571-5583
30. Villa L.L., Costa R.L., Petta C.A., et al. High sustained efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus types 6/11/16/18 L1 virus-like particle vaccine through 5 years of follow-up. Br J Cancer 95 (2006) 1459-1466
31. Garland S., Hernandez-Avila M., Wheeler C., et al. Quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus to prevent anogenital diseases. N Engl J Med 356 (2007) 1928-1943
32. Ault K.A. Effect of prophylactic human papillomavirus L1 virus-like particle vaccine on risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2, grade 3, and adenocarcinoma in situ: a combined analysis of four randomized clinical trials. Lancet 369 (2007) 1861-1868
33. Harper D.M., Franco E.I., Wheeler C., et al. Efficacy of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine in prevention of infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 young women: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 364 (2004) 1757-1765
34. Harper D.M., Franco E.L., Wheeler C.M., et al. Sustained efficacy up to 4.5 years of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomized control trial. Lancet 367 (2006) 1247-1255
35. Markowitz L.E., Dunne E.F., Saraiya M., et al. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 56 (2007) 1-24
36. Markowitz L.E. HPV vaccines prophylactic, not therapeutic. J Am Med Assoc 298 (2007) 805-806
37. Villa L.L., Costa R.L., Petta C.A., et al. Prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) L1 virus-like particle vaccine in young women: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre phase II efficacy trial. Lancet Oncol 6 (2005) 271-278
38. Taira A.V., Neukermans C.P., and Sanders G.D. Evaluating human papillomavirus vaccination programs. Infect Dis 10 (2004) 1915-1923
39. Solomon D., Darvey D., Kurman R., et al. The 2001 Bethesda system: terminology for reporting results of cervical cytology. J Am Med Assoc 287 (2002) 2114-2119
40. ACOG practice bulletin: clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecolologists. Number 45, August 2003. Cervical cytology screening. Obstet Gynecol 102 (2003) 417-427
41. Saslow D., Runowicz C.D., Soloman D., et al. American cancer society guideline for the early detection of cervical neoplasia and cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 52 (2002) 342-362
42. US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for cervical cancer: recommendations and rationale. Available at: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/3rduspstf/cervcan/cervcanrr.pdf. 2003. Accessed December, 2007.
43. Wright Jr. T.C., Massad L.S., Dunton C.J., et al. 2006 consensus guidelines for the management of women with abnormal cervical screening tests. J Low Genit Tract Dis 11 (2007) 201-222
44. Judson P.L., Habermann E.B., Baxter N.N., et al. Trends in the incidence of invasive and in situ vulvar carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol 107 (2006) 1018-1022
45. Jamieson D.L., Paramsothy P., Cu-Uvin S., et al. Vulvar, vaginal, and perianal intraepithelial neoplasia in women with or at risk for human immunodeficiency virus. Obstet Gynecol 107 (2006) 1023-1028
46. Sideri M., Jones R.W., Wilkinson E.J., et al. Squamous vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: 2004 modified terminology, ISSVD Vulvar Oncology Subcommittee. J Reprod Med 50 11 (2005) 807-810
47. Jones R.W., and Rowan D.M. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia III: a clinical study of the outcome in 113 cases with relation to the later development of invasive vulvar carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol 84 (1994) 741-745
48. Sillman F.H., Sedis A., Boyce W., et al. A review of lower genital intraepithelial neoplasia and the use of topical 5-fluorouracil. Obstet Gynecol Surv 40 (1985) 190-220
49. Le T., Menard C., Hicks-Boucher W., et al. Final results of phase 2 study using continuous 5% imiquimod cream application in the primary treatment of high-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Obstet Gynecol 106 (2007) 579-584
50. Jemal A., Siegel R., Ward E., et al. Cancer statistics 2007. CA Cancer J Clin 57 (2007) 43
51. Messing M.J., and Gallup D.G. Carcinoma of the vulva in young women. Obstet Gynecol 86 (1995) 51-54
52. Iwasawa A., Nieminen P., Lehtinen M., et al. Human papillomavirus in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva by polymerase chain reaction. Obstet Gynecol 89 (1997) 81-84
53. In: Berek J.S., and Hacker N.F. (Eds). Practical gynecologic oncology. 3rd edition (2000), Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia
54. Ansin K. Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Semin Dermatol 15 (1996) 51
55. Modifications in the staging for stage I vulvar and stage I cervical cancer. Report on the FIGO committee on gynecologic oncology. International federation of gynecology and obstetrics. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 50 (1995) 215
56. Henson D., and Tarone R. An epidemiologic study of cancer of the cervix, vagina, and vulva based on the third national cancer survey in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol 129 (1977) 525-532
57. Sillman F.H., Fruchter R.G., Chen Y.S., et al. Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: risk factors for persistence, recurrence, and invasion and its management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 176 (1997) 93
58. Aho M., Vesterinen E., Meyer B., et al. Natural history of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Cancer 68 (1991) 195-197
59. Wharton J.T., Torolero-Luna G., Linares A.C., et al. Vaginal intraepethelian neoplasia and vaginal cancer. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 23 (1996) 325-345
60. Woodruff J.D., Parmley T.H., and Julian C.G. Topical 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of vaginal carcinoma in situ. Gynecol Oncol 3 (1975) 124-132
61. Daling J.R., Madeleine M.M., Schwartz S.M., et al. A population-based study of squamous cell vaginal cancer: HPV and other cofactors. Gynecol Oncol 84 (2002) 263-270
62. In: Greene F.L., Page D.L., and Fleming I.D. (Eds). American joint committee on cancer staging manual. 6th edition (2002), Springer-Verlag Inc., New York p. 421
63. Jemal A., Murray T., Samuels G., et al. Cancer statistics 2003. CA Cancer J Clin 53 (2003) 5-26
64. In: Wolff B., Fleshman J., and Beck D. (Eds). The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery (2007), Springer, New York 485
65. Department of Health and Human Services and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STD surveillance 2004 (2004)
66. Wiley D.J., Douglas J., Beutner K., et al. External genital warts: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Clin Infect Dis 35 (2002) S210-S224
67. Taner Z.M., Taskiran C., Onan A., et al. Therapeutic value of trichloroacetic acid in the treatment of isolated genital warts on the external female genitalia. J Reprod Med 52 (2007) 521-525
68. Hellberg D., Svarrer T., Nilsson S., et al. Self treatment of female genital warts with 0.5% podophyllotoxin cream (condyline) vs weekly applications of 20% podophyllin solution. Int J STD AIDS 6 (1995) 257-261
69. Navi D., and Huntley A. Imiquimod 5 percent cream and the treatment of cutaneous malignancy. Dermatol Online J 10 (2004) 4
70. Sauder D.N., Skinner R.B., Fox T.L., et al. Topical imiquimod 5% cream as an effective treatment for external genital and perianal warts in different patient populations. Sex Transm Dis 30 (2003) 124-128
71. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2006. MMWR Recomm Rep 55 RR-11 (2006) 1-95
72. Bashi S.A. Cryotherapy versus podophyllin in the treatment of genital warts. Int J Dermatol 24 (1985) 535
73. Quick C.A., Watts S.L., Krzyzek R.A., et al. Relationship between condyloma and laryngeal papillomata. Clinical and molecular evidence. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 89 (1980) 467-471
74. Wiatrak B.J. Overview of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 11 (2003) 433-441
75. Silverberg M.J., Thorsen P., Lindeberg H., et al. Condyloma in pregnancy is strongly predictive of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Obstet Gynecol 101 (2003) 645-652
76. Patel N., Rowe M., and Tunkel D. Treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in children with the microdebrider. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 112 (2003) 7-10
77. Franco Jr. R.A., Zeitels S.M., Farinelli W.A., et al. 585-nm pulsed dye laser treatment of glottal papillomatosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 111 (2002) 486-492
78. Healy G.B., Gelber R.D., Trowbridge A.L., et al. Treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with human leukocyte interferon: results of a multicenter randomized clinical trial. N Engl J Med 319 (1988) 401-407
79. Pransky S.M., Magit A.E., Kearns D.B., et al. Intralesional cidovir for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in children. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 125 (1999) 1143-1148
80. Kashima H.K., Shah F., Lyles A., et al. A comparison of risk factors in juvenile-onset and adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Laryngoscope 102 (1992) 9-13
81. Joura E.A., Leodolter S., Hernandez-Avila M., et al. Efficacy of a quadrivalent prophylactic human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) L1 virus-like-particle vaccine against high-grade vulvar and vaginal lesion: a combined analysis of three randomized clinical trials. Lancet 369 (2007) 1693-1702