Fatty acid status in captive and free-ranging black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis)*

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition

Volumn 92, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 231-241

  Clauss, M ^a,b   Dierenfeld, E S ^c   Bigley, K E ^d   Wang, Y ^e   Ghebremeskel, K ^e   Hatt, J M ^b   Flach, E J ^f   Behlert, O ^g   Castell, J C ^h   Streich, W J ⁱ   Bauer, J E ^d  

^a VETSUISSE FACULTY UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^c Department of Animal Health and Nutrition ^*  (United States)

^d TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e LONDON METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^f ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^g Zoological Garden of Cologne   (Germany)

^h Institute of Animal Physiology Physiological Chemistry and Animal Nutrition   (Germany)

ⁱ LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE FOR ZOO AND WILDLIFE RESEARCH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Black rhinoceros; Diet; Fatty acid; Linoleic acid; Linolenic acid; Nutrition; Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL ESTER; FATTY ACID; PHOSPHOLIPID; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CHEMISTRY; METABOLISM; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; PERISSODACTYLA; REFERENCE VALUE; WILD ANIMAL; ZOO ANIMAL;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMAL NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, WILD; ANIMALS, ZOO; CHOLESTEROL ESTERS; FATTY ACIDS; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; PERISSODACTYLA; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; REFERENCE VALUES; TRIGLYCERIDES;

ANIMALIA; DICEROS BICORNIS; HELIANTHUS; RHINOCEROS;

EID: 43449088225     PISSN: 09312439     EISSN: 14390396     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00730.x     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Bauer, J. E. McAllister, K. G. Rawlings, J. M. Markwell, P., 1997 : Molecular species of cholesteryl esters formed via plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase in fish oil supplemented dogs. Nutrition Research 17, 861 872.
2. Bauer, J. E. Bigley, K. E. Dierenfeld, E. S., 2000 : Fatty acid metabolism in free-ranging and captive rhinoceros: evidence for low delta-6 desaturase activities. Journal of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine 14, 388 (abstract).
3. Bieri, J. G. Poukka, K. H., 1970 : In vitro hemolysis as related to rat erythrocyte content of alpha-tocopherol and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Journal of Nutrition 100, 557 564.
4. Broadhurst, C. L. Cunnane, S. C. Crawford, M. A., 1998 : Rift valley lake fish and shellfish provided brain-specific nutrition for early homo. British Journal of Nutrition 79, 3 21.
5. Chaplin, H. Malecek, A. C. Miller, R. E. Bell, C. E. Gray, L. S. Hunter, V. L., 1986 : Acute intravascular hemolytic anemia in the black rhinoceros: hematologic and immunohematologic observations. American Journal of Vetarinary Research 47, 1313 1320.
6. Clauss, M., 2003 : Tannins in the nutrition of captive wild animals. In : A. Fidgett, M. Clauss, U. Ganslosser, J. M. Hatt, J. Nijboer (eds Zoo Animal Nutrition, Vol. 2. Filander, Fuerth, Germany, pp. 53 89.
7. Clauss, M. Flach, E. Ghebremeskel, K. Tack, C. Hatt, J., 2000 : Supplementing the diet of captive giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) with linseed extraction chips. In : J. Nijboer, J. Hatt, W. Kaumanns, A. Beijnen, U. Ganslosser (eds Zoo Animal Nutrition. Filander, Fürth, Germany, pp. 271 279.
8. Clauss, M. Jessup, D. A. Norkus, E. B. Holick, M. F. Streich, W. J. Dierenfeld, E. S., 2002 : Fat soluble vitamins in blood and tissues of free-ranging and captive rhinoceros species. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 38, 402 413.
9. Clauss, M. Lason, K. Gehrke, J. Lechner-Doll, M. Fickel, J. Grune, T. Streich, W. J., 2003a : Captive roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) select for low amounts of tannic acid but not quebracho: fluctuation of preferences and potential benefits. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B 136, 369 382.
10. Clauss, M. Wang, Y. Ghebremeskel, K. Lendl, C. E. Streich, W. J., 2003b : Plasma and erythrocyte fatty acids in captive Asian (Elephas maximus) and African (Loxodonta africana) elephants. Veterinary Record 153, 54 58.
11. Clauss, M. Polster, C. Kienzle, E. Wiesner, H. Baumgartner, K. von Houwald, F. Ortmann, S. Streich, W. J. Dierenfeld, E. S., 2005 : Studies on digestive physiology and feed digestibilities in captive Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis). Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 89, 229 237.
12. Clauss, M. Castell, J. C. Kienzle, E. Dierenfeld, E. S. Flach, E. J. Behlert, O. Ortmann, S. Streich, W. J. Hummel, J. Hatt, J. M., 2006a : Digestion coefficients achieved by the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis), a large browsing hindgut fermenter. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 90, 325 334.
13. Clauss, M. Pellegrini, N. Castell, J. C. Kienzle, E. Dierenfeld, E. S. Hummel, J. Flach, E. J. Streich, W. J. Hatt, J. M., 2006b : Antioxidant status of feces of captive black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) in relation to dietary tannin supplementation. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A 53, 319 322.
14. Clauss, M. Castell, J. C. Kienzle, E. Dierenfeld, E. S. Flach, E. J. Behlert, O. Ortmann, S. Streich, W. J. Hummel, J. Hatt, J. M., 2007a : The influence of tannin supplementation on digestive performance in captive black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis). Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. doi:.
15. Clauss, M. Grum, C. Hatt, J. M., 2007b : Fatty acid status of captive wild animals: a review. Der Zoologische Garten NF 76, 382 401.
16. Crawford, M., 1968 : Fatty-acid ratios in free-living and domestic animals. Lancet i, 1329 1333.
17. Crawford, M. A. Budowski, P. Drury, P. Ghebremeskel, K. Harbige, L. Leighfield, M. Phylactos, A. Williams, G., 1991 : The nutritional contribution to bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Nutrition and Health 7, 61 68.
18. Crawford, M. A. Bloom, M. Cunnane, S. Holmsen, H. Ghebremeskel, K. Parkington, J. Schmidt, W. Sinclair, A. J. Broadhurst, C. L., 2001 : Docosahexaenoic acid and cerebral evolution. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics 88, 6 17.
19. Daniel, Z. C. T. R. Wynn, R. J. Salter, A. M. Buttery, P. J., 2004 : Differing effects of forage and concentrate diets on the oleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid content of sheep tissue: the role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Journal of Animal Science 82, 747 758.
20. Dierenfeld, E. S. Frank, C. L., 1998 : Fatty acid composition of white adipose tissue in captive rhinoceros. Proceedings of the American Association of Zoo- and Wildlife Veterinarians, pp. 508 509.
21. Dierenfeld, E. S. du Toit, R. Miller, R. E., 1988 : Vitamin E in captive and wild black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 24, 547 550.
22. Dierenfeld, E. S. Atkinson, S. Craig, M. Walker, K. C. Streich, W. J. Clauss, M., 2005 : Mineral concentrations in serum/plasma and liver tissue of captive and free-ranging rhinoceros species. Zoo Biology 24, 51 72.
23. Eaton, S. B. Eaton, S. B. I. Konner, M. J., 1997 : Paleolithic nutrition revisited: a twelve-year retrospective on its nature and implications. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51, 207 216.
24. Eaton, S. B. Eaton, S. B. I. Sinclair, A. J. Cordain, L. Mann, N. J., 1998 : Dietary intake of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the paleolithic. World Reviews of Nutrition and Diet 83, 12 23.
25. Ghebremeskel, K. Harbige, L. S. Williams, G. Crawford, M. A. Hawkey, C., 1991a : The effect of dietary change on in vitro erythrocyte haemolysis, skin lesions and alopecia in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 100, 891 896.
26. Ghebremeskel, K. Williams, G. Brett, R. A. Burek, R. Harbige, L. S., 1991b : Nutrient composition of plants most favoured by black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) in the wild. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 98, 529 534.
27. GISSI, 1999 : Dietary supplementation with n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Lancet 354, 447 455.
28. Grant, J. B. Brown, D. L. Dierenfeld, E. S., 2002 : Essential fatty acid profiles differ across diets and browse of black rhinoceros. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 38, 132 142.
29. Hansen, R. A. Savage, C. J. Reidlinger, K. Traub-Dargatz, J. L. Ogilvie, G. K. Mitchell, D. Fettman, M. J., 2002 : Effects of dietary flaxseed oil supplementation on equine plasma fatty acid concentrations and whole blood platelet aggregation. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 16, 457 463.
30. Hatt, J. M. Casares, M. Wenker, C. Clauss, M. 2001 : Blutgewinnung beim Spitzmaulnashorn (Diceros bicornis). Arbeitstagung der Zootierärzte im deutschsprachigen Raum Halle, Germany, 126 130.
31. Hatt, J. M. Wenker, C. Castell, J. Clauss, M., 2004 : Dietary and veterinary management of a lingual abscess in a geriatric captive black rhino (Diceros bicornis) with iron storage disease. Proceedings of the European Association of Zoo- and Wildlife Veterinarians 5, 339 340.
32. Henry, M. M. Moore, J. N. Feldman, E. B., 1990 : Effect of dietary alpha-linolenic acid on equine monocyte procoagulant activity and eicosanoid synthesis. Circulation and Shock 32, 173 188.
33. Henry, M. M. Moore, J. N. Fischer, J. K., 1991 : Influence of an n-3 fatty acid-enriched ration on in vivo responses of horses to endotoxin. American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, 523 527.
34. Hulbert, A. Turner, N. Storlien, L. H. Else, P. L., 2005 : Dietary fats and membrane function: implications for metabolism and disease. Biological Reviews 80, 155 169.
35. Kiefer, B., 2002 : Qualität und Verdaulichkeit der vom Breitmaulnashorn aufgenommenen Nahrung, Dissertation. LMU München, München.
36. Miller, R. E. Boever, W. J., 1982 : Fatal hemolytic anemia in the black rhinoceros: case report and a survey. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 181, 1228 1231.
37. Morris, D. D. Henry, M. M. Moore, J. N. Fischer, J. K., 1989 : Effect of dietary linolenic acid on endotoxin-induced thromboxane and prostacyclin production by equine peritoneal macrophages. Circulation and Shock 29, 311 318.
38. Morris, D. D. Henry, M. M. Moore, J. N. Fischer, J. K., 1991 : Effect of dietary alpha-linolenic acid on endotoxin-induced production of tumor necrosis factor by peritoneal macrophages in horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, 528 532.
39. Munson, L. Koehler, J. W. Wilkinson, J. E. Miller, R. E., 1998 : Vesicular and ulcerative dermatopathy resembling superficial necrolytic dermatitis in captive black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis). Veterinary Pathology 35, 31 42.
40. Ndondo, I. B. Wilhelmi, B. S. Mabinya, L. V. Brand, J. M., 2004 : Alpha-tocopherol and fatty acids of major browse plant species of black rhinoceros in the Great Fish River Reserve. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 34, 87 93.
41. O'Neill, W. McKee, S. Clarke, A. F., 2002 : Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) supplementation associated with reduced skin test lesional area in horses with Culicoides hypersensitivity. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 66, 272 277.
42. Paglia, D. E. Dennis, P., 1999 : Role of chronic iron overload in mutliple disorders of captive black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis). Proceedings of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, pp. 163 170.
43. Pond, C. M. Mattacks, C. A. Colby, R. H. Ramsey, M. A., 1992 : The anatomy, chemical composition, and metabolism of adipose tissue in wild polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, 326 341.
44. Raes, K. Fievez, V. Chow, T. T. Ansorena, D. Demeyer, D. Smet, S. D., 2004 : Effects of diet and dietary fatty acids on the transformation and incorporation of C18 fatty acids in double-muscled Belgian Blue young bulls. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry 52, 6035 6041.
45. Simopoulos, A. P., 1998 : Overview of evolutionary aspects of n3 fatty acids in the diet. World Reviews of Nutrition and Diet 83, 1 11.
46. Suedmeyer, W. K. Dierenfeld, E. S., 1998 : Clinical experience with fatty acid supplementation in a group of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis). Proceedings of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, pp. 113 115.
47. Valk, E. E. Hornstra, G., 2000 : Relationship between vitamin E requirement and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake in man: a review. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 70, 31 42.