Risk of postnatal exposure to Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi in horses

American Journal of Veterinary Research

Volumn 65, Issue 8, 2004, Pages 1047-1052

  Duarte, Paulo de C ^a,c   Conrad, Patricia A ^a   Wilson, W David ^a   Ferraro, Gregory L ^a   Packham, Andrea E ^a   Bowers Lepore, Jeanne ^b   Carpenter, Tim E ^a   Gardner, Ian A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b Harris Farm Incorporated   (United States)

^c Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MATERNAL ANTIBODY;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANTIBODY TITER; ARTICLE; COLOSTRUM; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE; HORSE DISEASE; INFECTION RISK; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; MALE; MORTALITY; NEOSPORA; NEOSPORA HUGHESI; NONHUMAN; PERINATAL PERIOD; PROTOZOAL INFECTION; RISK ASSESSMENT; SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA; SEROLOGY;

AGE FACTORS; ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES, PROTOZOAN; CALIFORNIA; COCCIDIOSIS; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT; HORSE DISEASES; HORSES; IMMUNITY, MATERNALLY-ACQUIRED; NEOSPORA; RISK ASSESSMENT; SARCOCYSTIS;

ANIMALIA; EQUIDAE; EQUUS CABALLUS; NEOSPORA; NEOSPORA HUGHESI; SARCOCYSTIS; SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA;

EID: 4344611750     PISSN: 00029645     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.1047     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Dubey JP, Davis SW, Speer CA, et al. Sarcocystis neurona n. sp. (Protozoa: Apicomplexa), the etiologic agent of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. J Parasitol 1991;77:212-218.
2. Daft BM, Barr BC, Collins N, et al. Neospora encephalitis and polyradiculoneuritis in an aged mare with Cushing's disease. Equine Vet J 1996;28:240-243.
3. Marsh AE, Barr BC, Madigan J, et al. Neosporosis as a cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;209:1907-1913.
4. Hamir AN, Tornquist SJ, Gerros TC, et al. Neospora caninum-associated equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. Vet Parasitol 1998;79:269-274.
5. Dubey JP, Liddell S, Mattson D, et al. Characterization of the Oregon isolate of Neospora hughesi from a horse. J Parasitol 2001;87:345-353.
6. Marsh AE, Barr BC, Packham AE, et al. Description of a new Neospora species (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae). J Parasitol 1998;84:983-991.
7. Cheadle MA, Lindsay DS, Rowe S, et al. Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora sp. in horses from Alabama and characterisation of an isolate recovered from a naturally infected horse. Int J Parasitol 1999;29:1537-1543.
8. National Animal Health Monitoring System. Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in the U. S. Fort Collins, Colo: USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, 2001;N312.0501:1.
9. Blythe LL, Granstrom DE, Hansen DE, et al. Seroprevalence of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona in horses residing in Oregon. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;210:525-527.
10. Bentz BG, Granstrom DE, Stamper S. Seroprevalence of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona in horses residing in a county of southeastern Pennsylvania. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;210:517-518.
11. Rossano MG, Kaneene JB, Marteniuk JV, et al. The seroprevalence of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona in Michigan equids. Prev Vet Med 2001;48:113-128.
12. Saville WJ, Reed SM, Granstrom DE, et al. Seroprevalence of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona in horses residing in Ohio. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;210:519-524.
13. Tillotson K, McCue PM, Granstrom DE, et al. Seroprevalence of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona in horses residing in northern Colorado. J Equine Vet Sci 1999;19:122-126.
14. Vardeleon D, Marsh AE, Thorne JG, et al. Prevalence of Neospora hughesi and Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in horses from various geographical locations. Vet Parasitol 2001;95:273-282.
15. Daft BM, Barr BC, Gardner IA, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of western blot testing of cerebrospinal fluid and serum for diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis in horses with and without neurologic abnormalities. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002;221:1007-1013.
16. McDole MG, Gay JM. Seroprevalence of antibodies against Neospora caninum in diagnostic equine serum samples and their possible association with fetal loss. Vet Parasitol 2002;105:257-260.
17. Dubey JP, Romand S, Thulliez P, et al. Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in horses in North America. J Parasitol 1999; 85:968-969.
18. Saville WJ, Reed SM, Morley PS, et al. Analysis of risk factors for the development of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis in horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;217:1174-1180.
19. Cook AG, Buechner-Maxwell V, Morrow JK, et al. Interpretation of the detection of Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in the serum of young horses. Vet Parasitol 2001;95:187-195.
20. Packham AE, Conrad PA, Wilson WD, et al. Qualitative evaluation of selective tests for detection of Neospora hughesi antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of experimentally infected horses. J Parasitol 2002;88:1239-1246.
21. Duarte PC, Daft BM, Conrad PA, et al. Comparison of a serum indirect fluorescent antibody test with two Western blot tests for the diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. J Vet Diagn Invest 2003;15:8-13.
22. Conrad PA, Sverlow K, Anderson M, et al. Detection of serum antibody responses in cattle with natural or experimental Neospora infections. J Vet Diagn Invest 1993;5:572-578.
23. Duarte PC, Daft BM, Conrad PA, et al. Evaluation and comparison of an indirect fluorescent antibody test for detection of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona using serum and cerebrospinal fluid of naturally-infected, experimentally-infected and vaccinated horses. J Parasitol 2004;90:379-386.
24. Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 1958;53:457-481.
25. Haenszel W, Loveland DB, Sirken MG. Lung cancer mortality as related to resistance and smoking histories. I. White males. J Natl Cancer Inst 1962;28:947-1001.
26. Fenger CK, Granstrom DE, Langemeier JL, et al. Identification of opossums (Didelphis virginiana) as the putative definitive host of Sarcocystis neurona. J Parasitol 1995;81:916-919.
27. Sofaly CD, Reed SM, Gordon JC, et al. Experimental induction of equine protozoan myeloencephalitis (EPM) in the horse: effect of Sarcocystis neurona sporocyst inoculation dose on the development of clinical neurologic disease. J Parasitol 2002;88:1164-1170.
28. Saville WJA, Stich RW, Reed SM, et al. Utilization of stress in the development of an equine model for equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. Vet Parasitol 2001;95:211-222.
29. Fenger CK, Granstrom DE, Gajadhar AA, et al. Experimental induction of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis in horses using Sarcocystis sp. sporocysts from the opossum (Didelphis virginiana). Vet Parasitol 1997;68:199-213.
30. Cutler TJ, MacKay RJ, Ginn PE, et al. Immunoconversion against Sarcocystis neurona in normal and dexamethasone-treated horses challenged with S. neurona sporocysts. Vet Parasitol 2001;95:197-210.
31. Basso W, Venturini L, Venturini MC, et al. First isolation of Neospora caninum from the feces of a naturally infected dog. J Parasitol 2001;87:612-618.
32. Barling KS, Sherman M, Peterson MJ, et al. Spatial associations among density of cattle, abundance of wild canids, and seroprevalence to Neospora caninum in a population of beef calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;217:1361-1365.
33. Barber JS, Gasser RB, Ellis J, et al. Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in different canid populations. J Parasitol 1997;83:1056-1058.
34. Paré J, Thurmond MC, Hietala SK. Congenital Neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle and associated calfhood mortality. Can J Vet Res 1996;60:133-139.
35. Eisner RJ, Nusbaun SR. A study to determine the optimum time for vaccination of foals against eastern and western encephalitis viruses, in Proceedings. 22nd Annu Meet Am Assoc Vet Lab Diagn 1979; 435-448.