Aborted and refractory status epilepticus in children: A comparative analysis

Epilepsia

Volumn 49, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 615-625

  Lambrechtsen, Florise A C P ^a   Buchhalter, Jeffrey R ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^c PHOENIX CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Children; Epilepsy; Refractory status epilepticus; Status epilepticus

Indexed keywords

BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; MIDAZOLAM; PENTOBARBITAL; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYTOIN; PROPOFOL; THIOPENTAL; VALPROIC ACID;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILD; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; ELECTROGRAPHY; EPILEPTIC STATE; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEWBORN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; SURVIVOR; TREATMENT RESPONSE; UNIVARIATE ANALYSIS;

ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; ANTICONVULSANTS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; CHILD; COMORBIDITY; DRUG RESISTANCE; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; PROGNOSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 43349104487     PISSN: 00139580     EISSN: 15281167     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01465.x     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Brooks-Kayal AR. (2005) Rearranging receptors. Epilepsia 46 (Suppl 7 29 38.
2. Brinciotti M, Mazzei C, Galletti F, Matricardi M 1991) Genetic aspects of nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Eur Neurol 31 : 384 387.
3. Chin RF, Verhulst L, Neville BG, Peters MJ, Scott RC 2004) Inappropriate emergency management of status epilepticus in children contributes to need for intensive care. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75 : 1584 1588.
4. Chin RF, Neville BG, Peckham C, Bedford H, Wade A, Scott RC 2006) Incidence, cause, and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in childhood: prospective population-based study. Lancet 368 : 222 229.
5. Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Mayer SA 2003) Treatment of status epilepticus: a survey of neurologists. J Neurol Sci 211 : 37 41.
6. Corey LA, Pellock JM, Boggs JG, Miller LL, DeLorenzo RJ 1998) Evidence for a genetic predisposition for status epilepticus. Neurology 50 : 558 560.
7. DeLorenzo RJ, Hauser WA, Towne AR, Boggs JG, Pellock JM, Penberthy L, Garnett L, Fortner CA, Ko D 1996) A prospective, population-based epidemiologic study of status epilepticus in Richmond, Virginia. Neurology 46 : 1029 1035
8. Engel J Jr., Van Ness PC, Rasmussen TB, Ojemann LM 1993) Outcome with respect to epileptic seizures. In Engel J Jr. (Ed). Surgical treatment of the epilepsies. 2nd ed. Raven Press, New York.
9. Garzon E, Fernandes RM, Sakamoto AC 2003) Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in human status epilepticus. Seizure 12 : 337 345.
10. Gilbert DL, Gartside PS, Glauser TA 1999) Efficacy and mortality in treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus in children: a meta-analysis. J Child Neurol 14 : 602 609.
11. Hamano S, Sugiyama N, Tanaka M, Yamashita S, Yoshinari S, Minamitani M, Hayakawa M, Kikuchi K, Eto Y 2005) Choice and administration sequence of antiepileptic agents for status epilepticus and frequent seizures in children. No To Hattatsu 37 : 395 399.
12. Hesdorffer DC, Logroscino G, Cascino G, Annegers JF, Hauser WA 1998a) Incidence of status epilepticus in Rochester, Minnesota, 1965-1984. Neurology 50 : 735 741.
13. Hesdorffer DC, Logroscino G, Cascino G, Annegers JF, Hauser WA 1998b) Risk of unprovoked seizure after acute symptomatic seizure: effect of status epilepticus. Ann Neurol 44 : 908 912.
14. Holtkamp M, Othman J, Buchheim K, Meierkord H 2005) Predictors and prognosis of refractory status epilepticus treated in a neurological intensive care unit. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76 : 534 539.
15. JAMA (1993) Treatment of convulsive status epilepticus. Recommendations of the Epilepsy Foundation of America's Working Group on Status Epilepticus. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 270 : 854 859.
16. Kim SJ, Lee DY, Kim JS 2001) Neurologic outcomes of pediatric epileptic patients with pentobarbital coma. Pediatr Neurol 25 : 217 220.
17. Koul R, Chacko A, Javed H, Al Riyami K 2002) Eight-year study of childhood status epilepticus: midazolam infusion in management and outcome. J Child Neurol 17 : 908 910.
18. Kwong KL, Chang K, Lam SY 2004) Features predicting adverse outcomes of status epilepticus in childhood. Hong Kong Med J 10 : 156 159.
19. Logroscino G, Hesdorffer DC, Cascino G, Annegers JF, Hauser WA 1997) Short-term mortality after a first episode of status epilepticus. Epilepsia 38 : 1344 1349.
20. Logroscino G, Hesdorffer DC, Cascino G, Annegers JF, Hauser WA 2001) Time trends in incidence, mortality, and case-fatality after first episode of status epilepticus. Epilepsia 42 : 1031 1035.
21. Logroscino G, Hesdorffer DC, Cascino G, Annegers JF, Hauser WA 2005) Mortality after a first episode of status epilepticus in the United States and Europe. Epilepsia. 46 (Suppl 11 46 48.
22. Logroscino G, Hesdorffer DC, Cascino GD, Annegers JF, Hauser WA 2002) Long-term mortality after a first episode of status epilepticus. Neurology 8 : 537 541.
23. Lowenstein DH. (2006) The management of refractory status epilepticus: an update. Epilepsia 47 (Suppl 1 35 40.
24. Lowenstein DH, Alldredge BK 1998) Status epilepticus [see comments]. N Engl J Med 338 : 970 976.
25. Lowenstein DH, Bleck T, Macdonald RL 1999) It's time to revise the definition of status epilepticus [see comments]. Epilepsia 40 : 120 122.
26. Lowenstein DH, Alldredge BK 1993) Status epilepticus at an urban public hospital in the 1980s. Neurology 43 : 483 488.
27. Maegaki Y, Kurozawa Y, Hanaki K, Ohno K 2005) Risk factors for fatality and neurological sequelae after status epilepticus in children. Neuropediatrics 36 : 186 192.
28. Mayer SA, Claassen J, Lokin J, Mendelsohn F, Dennis LJ, Fitzsimmons F 2002) Refractory status epilepticus: frequency, risk factors, and impact on outcome.[see comment]. Arch Neurol 59 : 205 210.
29. Maytal J, Shinnar S, Moshe SL, Alvarez LA 1989) Low morbidity and mortality of status epilepticus in children. Pediatrics 83 : 323 331.
30. Murthy JM, Naryanan TJ 2004) Continuous EEG monitoring in the evaluation of non-convulsive seizures and status epilepticus. Neurol India 52 : 430 435.
31. Nobutoki T, Sugai K, Fukumizu M, Hanaoka S, Sasaki M 2005) Continuous midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus in children. No To Hattatsu 37 : 369 373.
32. Ozdemir D, Gulez P, Uran N, Yendur G, Kavakli T, Aydin A 2005) Efficacy of continuous midazolam infusion and mortality in childhood refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Seizure 14 : 129 132.
33. Raspall-Chaure M, Chin RF, Neville BG, Scott RC 2006) Outcome of paediatric convulsive status epilepticus: a systematic review. Lancet Neurol 5 : 769 779.
34. Rivera R, Segnini M, Baltodano A, Perez V 1993) Midazolam in the treatment of status epilepticus in children [see comments]. Crit Care Med 21 991 994.
35. Riviello JJ Jr., Holmes GL 2004) The treatment of status epilepticus. Semin Pediatr Neurol 11 : 129 138.
36. Riviello JJ Jr., Ashwal S, Hirtz D, Glauser T, Ballaban-Gil K, Kelley K, Morton LD, Phillips S, Sloan E, Shinnar S American Academy of Neurology Subcommittee, Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society 2006) Practice parameter: diagnostic assessment of the child with status epilepticus (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society. Neurology 67 : 1542 1550.
37. Rossetti AO, Logroscino G, Bromfield EB 2005) Refractory status epilepticus: effect of treatment aggressiveness on prognosis. Arch Neurol 62 : 1698 1702.
38. Sahin M, Menache CC, Holmes GL, Riviello JJ 2001) Outcome of severe refractory status epilepticus in children. Epilepsia 42 : 1461 1467.
39. Shinnar S, Pellock JM, Berg AT, O'Dell C, Driscoll SM, Maytal J, Moshe SL, DeLorenzo RJ 2001) Short-term outcomes of children with febrile status epilepticus. Epilepsia 42 : 47 53.
40. Shorvon S. (2001) The management of status epilepticus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 70 (Suppl 2 II22 27.
41. So EL, Radhakrishnan K, Silbert PL, Cascino GD, Sharbrough FW, O'Brien PC 1997) Assessing changes over time in temporal lobectomy: outcome by scoring seizure frequency. Epilepsy Res 27 : 119 125.
42. Tay SK, Hirsch LJ, Leary L, Jette N, Wittman J, Akman CI 2006) Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in children: clinical and EEG characteristics. Epilepsia 47 : 1504 1509.
43. Treiman DM, Meyers PD, Walton NY, Collins JF, Colling C, Rowan AJ, Handforth A, Faught E, Calabrese VP, Uthman BM, Ramsay RE, Mamdani MB 1998) A comparison of four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Veterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study Group. N Engl J Med 339 : 792 798.
44. Treiman DM, Walton NY, Kendrick C 1990) A progressive sequence of electroencephalographic changes during generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsy Res 5 : 49 60.
45. Wheless JW, Clarke DF, Carpenter D 2005) Treatment of pediatric epilepsy: expert opinion, 2005. J Child Neurol 20 (Suppl 1 S1 56 quiz S59-60.
46. Wu Y, Buzzi A, Frantseva M 2006) Status epilepticus in mice deficient for succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase: GABAA receptor-mediated mechanisms. Ann. Neurol. 59 : 42 52.