The promise of peace? Hume and smith on the effects of commerce on war and peace

Hume Studies

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 369-382

  Manzer, Robert A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DALLAS   (United States)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 42949099723     PISSN: 03197336     EISSN: 19479921     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Immanuel Kant, "To Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch," Perpetual Peace and Other Essays, trans. Ted Humphrey (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1973), 125.
2. Albert 0. Hirschman, The Passions and the Interests: Political Arguments for Capitalism before Its Triumph (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977).
3. John Danford, David Hume and the Problem ofReason: Recovering the Human Sciences (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990), 109-135
4. Franklin A. Kalinowski, "David Hume on the Philosophic Underpinnings of Interest Group Politics," Polity 25 (1993): 355-374
5. Paschal Larkin, Property in the Eighteenth Century (Port Washington: Kennikat, 1969), 83-100
6. Ralph Lerner, "Commerce and Character," in The Thinking Revolutionary (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987), 195-221
7. James Moore, "Hume's Political Science and the Classical Republican Tradition," Canadian Journal of Political Science 10 (1977): 809-839
8. Thomas Pangle, The Spirit of Modern Republicanism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988), 68-72
9. Donald T. Siebert, The Moral Animus of David Hume (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1990), 136-154.
10. J.G.A. Pocock, The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1975), chaps. 13-14
11. Pocock, "Hume and the American Revolution," in Virtue, Commerce and History: Essays on Political Thought and History, Chiefly in the Eighteenth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 125-141
12. Istvan Hont, "The Rhapsody of Public Debt: David Hume and Voluntary State Bankruptcy," in Political Discourse in Early Modem Britain, eds. Nicholas Phillipson and Quentin Skinner (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 321-348
13. Peter Minowitz, Profits, Priests, and Princes: Adam Smith's Emancipation of Economics from Politics and Religion (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1993)
14. Montesquieu, De L'Esprit des Lois, 2 volumes (Paris: Gamier Freres, 1973), vol. 2, 3.
15. Joseph Cropsey, Political Philosophy and the issues of Politics (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1977), 53-54.
16. Stewart, Opinion and Reform in Hume's Political Philosophy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992)
17. Istvan Hont ("Commercial Society and Political Theory in the Eighteenth Century: The Problem of Authority in David Hume and Adam Smith," in Main Trends in Cultural History, eds. Willem Melching and Wyger Velema [Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1994], 54-94)
18. J.A.W. Gunn (Beyond Liberty and Property: the Process of Self-Recognition in Eighteenth-Century Political Thought [Montreal: McGill's Queen's University Press, 1983], 264) locate Hume's concern with popular opinion within a long tradition of apprehension of democracy. On Smith
19. For a good overview of this controversy, see Christopher Layne, "Kant or Cant: The Myth of the Democratic Peace," international Security 19.2 (Fall 1994): 5-10.
20. Bruce Russett, Grasping the Democratic Peace: Principles for a Post-Cold War World (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993), 38-40
21. Michael W. Doyle, "Kant, Liberal Legacies and Foreign Affairs, Part I," Philosophy and Public Affairs 12 (Summer 1983): 205-235
22. Doyle, "Liberalism and World Politics," American Political Science Review 80 (December 1986): 1151-1169
23. T. Clifton Morgan and Sally H. Campbell, "Domestic Structure, Decisional Constraints and War: So Why Kant Democracies Fight?" Journal of Conflict Resolution 35 Uune 1991): 187-211.
24. Harvey Starr, "Democracy and War: Choice, Learning and Security Communities," Journal of Peace Research 29.2 (1992): 207-213
25. Richard Rosencrance, The Rise of the Trading State (New York: Basic Books, 1986).
26. Layne, 10-12; John Mearsheimer, "Back to the Future: Instability in Europe after the Cold War," International Security 15 (Summer 1990): 5-56
27. Kenneth Waltz, "America as Model for the World? A Foreign Policy Perspective," PS (December 1991): 667-670.
28. David Hume, "Of the Balance of Trade," in Essays: Moral, Political and Literary, edited by Eugene Miller (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1987), 315. All other references to Hume's essays are to this volume.
29. John Robertson on Hume's fears of universal monarchy in "Universal Monarchy and the Liberties of Europe: David Hume's Critique of an English Whig Doctrine," in Political Discourse in Early Modem Britain, eds. Phillipson and Skinner, 349-373.
30. Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, edited by R. H. Campbell and A. S. Skinner, 2 vols. (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1982) vol. 1, 426
31. David Hume, History of England: from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution in 1688, 6 vols. (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1983), vol. 1, 523.
32. Hume, History, vol. 3, 76-77; "Of Refinement in the Arts," 277-278
33. Smith, Wealth of Nations, vol. 1, 411-421. In Volume 2 of his History, Hume suggests somewhat differently that improvements in agriculture and the increase of money were the crucial factors leading the aristocracy to abandon their feudal tenures; see 523-524.
34. Smith, Wealth of Nations, vol. 1, 421.
35. Hume, "Of Refinement in the Arts," 277; History, vol. 6, 317
36. Duncan Forbes, Hume's Philosophical Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975), 96
37. Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, edited by D. D. Raphael and A. L. Macfie (Indianapolis: Liberty Press, 1982), 212-217.
38. David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature, edited by L.A. Selby-Bigge, 2nd ed. revised by P.H. Nidditch (Oxford: Clarendon, 1978), 491-492.
39. Hume, "Of the Refinement in the Arts," 277; "Of Commerce," 265.
40. Alexander Hamilton's famous discussion in the sixth Federalist (Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison, The Federalist Papers, edited by Clinton Rossiter [New York: Mentor, 1961], 56-59).
41. John Brewer's brilliant study, The Sinews of Power: War, Money and the English State, 1688-1 783 (New York: Knopf, 1989).
42. Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, edited by C.B. MacPherson (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1986), chap. 24) and John Locke:
43. Smith, Wealth of Nations, vol. 2, 692-698, 704-706.
44. Smith, Wealth of Nations, vol. 2, 783.
45. Hume, Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals, edited by P.H. Nidditch (Oxford: Clarendon, 1988), 252-25 7
46. Robert Manzer, "Hume on Pride and the Love of Fame," Polity 18 (Spring 1996): 333-355.