Getting beneath the surface of marine mammal - Fisheries competition

Mammal Review

Volumn 38, Issue 2-3, 2008, Pages 167-188

  Matthiopoulos, J ^a   Smout, S ^a   Winship, A J ^a   Thompson, D ^a   Boyd, I L ^a   Harwood, J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Food web; Functional response; Human wildlife conflict; Predator prey; Spatial heterogeneity

Indexed keywords

COMPETITION (ECOLOGY); CONFERENCE PROCEEDING; FISHERY PRODUCTION; FOOD WEB; FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE; NATURE CONSERVATION; NATURE-SOCIETY RELATIONS; PINNIPED; PREY PREFERENCE; RESOURCE MANAGEMENT;

ALASKA; EURASIA; EUROPE; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED KINGDOM; UNITED STATES; WESTERN EUROPE;

EUMETOPIAS JUBATUS; HALICHOERUS GRYPUS; MAMMALIA;

EID: 42449123110     PISSN: 03051838     EISSN: 13652907     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2907.2008.00123.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (97)

1. Abrams, P.A., Menge, B.A., Mittelbach, G.G., Spiller, D.A. & Yodzis, P. (1996) The role of indirect effects in food webs. In: Food Webs: Integration of Patterns and Dynamics (Ed. by G.A. Polis & K.O. Winemiller), pp. 371-395. Chapman & Hall, New York, USA.
2. Acevedo-Gutiérrez, A. (2002) Group behaviour. In: Encyclopaedia of Marine Mammals (Ed. by W.F. Perrin, B. Würsig & J.G. Thewissen), pp. 537-544. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.
3. Asseburg, C., Harwood, J., Matthiopoulos, J. & Smout, S. (2006) The functional response of generalist predators, and their implications for the monitoring of marine ecosystems. In: Top Predators in Marine Ecosystems: Their Role in Monitoring and Management (Ed. by I.L. Boyd, S. Wanless & K. Camphuysen), pp. 262-274. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
4. Beck, C.A., Bowen, W.D., McMillan, J.I. & Iverson, S.J. (2003) Sex differences in the diving behaviour of a size-dimorphic capital breeder: the grey seal. Animal Behaviour, 66, 777-789.
5. Begon, M., Townsend, C.R. & Harper, J.L. (2006) Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems. Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
6. Bergstrom, U. & Englund, G. (2004) Spatial scale, heterogeneity and functional responses. Journal of Animal Ecology, 73, 487-493.
7. Bjørnstad, O.N. & Hansen, T.F. (1994) Individual variation and population dynamics. Oikos, 69, 167-171.
8. Bogstad, B., Haug, T. & Mehl, S. (2000) Who eats whom in the Barents Sea? In: Minke Whales, Harp and Hooded Seals: Major Predators in the North Atlantic Ecosystem (Ed. by G.A. Víkingsson & F.O. Kapel), pp. 98-119. North Atlantic Marine Mammal. Commission Scientific Publications, Tromsø, Norway.
9. Bolker, B.M. (2004) Continuous-space models for population dynamics. In: Ecology, Genetics and Evolution of Metapopulations (Ed. by I. Hanski & O.E. Gaggiotti), pp. 45-69. Elsevier, Burlington, Massachusetts.
10. Bowen, W.D. (2000) Reconstruction of pinniped diets: Accounting for complete digestion of otoliths and cephalopod beaks. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 57, 898-905.
11. Boyd, I.L. (2002) Estimating food consumption of marine predators: Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins. Journal of Applied Ecology, 39, 103-119.
12. Brownell, R.L. & Yablokov, A.V. (2002) Illegal and pirate whaling. In: Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (Ed. by W.F. Perrin, B. Würsig & J.G. Thewissen), pp. 608-612. Academic press, San Diego, CA, USA.
13. Calkins, D.G., McAllister, D.C., Pitcher, K.W. & Pendleton, G.W. (1999) Steller sea lion status and trend in southeast Alaska: 1979-1997. Marine Mammal Science, 15, 462-477.
14. Campagna, C., Fedak, M.A. & McConnell, B.J. (1999) Post-breeding distribution and diving behavior of adult male southern elephant seals from Patagonia. Journal of Mammalogy, 80, 1341-1352.
15. Caswell, H. (2001) Matrix Population Models: Construction, Analysis and Interpretation. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, UK.
16. Chesson, P.L. (1984) Variable predators and switching behaviour. Theoretical Population Biology, 26, 1-26.
17. Chopin, F.S. & Arimoto, T. (1995) The condition of fish escaping from fishing gears - a review. Fisheries Research, 21, 315-327.
18. Connell, J.H. (1980) Diversity and the co-evolution of competitors, or the ghost of competition past. Oikos, 35, 131-138.
19. Cook, R.M., Sinclair, A. & Stefansson, G. (1997) Potential collapse of North Sea cod stocks. Nature, 385, 521-522.
20. Daan, N., Gislason, H., Pope, J. & Rice, J.C. (2005) Changes in the North Sea fish community: Evidence of the indirect effects of fishing? ICES Journal of Marine Science, 62, 177-188.
21. Dale, B.W., Adams, L.G. & Bowler, T. (1994) Functional response of wolves preying on barren-ground caribou in a multiple-prey ecosystem. Journal of Animal Ecology, 63, 644-652.
22. De Pierrepont, J.F., Dubois, B., Desormonts, S., Santos, M.B. & Robin, J.P. (2005) Stomach contents of English channel cetaceans stranded on the coast of Normandy. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 85, 1539-1546.
23. DeMaster, D. & Atkinson, S., eds. (2002) Steller Sea Lion Decline: Is It Food II. University of Alaska Sea Grant, AK-SG-02-02, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
24. Dudzinski, K.M., Thomas, J.A. & Douaze, E. (2002) Communication. In: Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (Ed. by W.F. Perrin, B. Würsig & J.G. Thewissen), pp. 248-268. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.
25. Fretwell, S.D. & Lucas, H.L. (1970) On territorial behaviour and other factors influencing habitat distribution in birds. Acta Biotheoretica, 19, 16-36.
26. Granadeiro, J.P. & Silva, M.A. (2000) The use of otoliths and vertebrae in the identification and size-estimation of fish in predator-prey studies. Cybium, 24, 383-393.
27. Gregr, E.J. & Bodtker, K.M. (2006) Adaptive Classification of Marine Ecosystems: Identifying Biologically Meaningful Regions in the Marine Environment. Fisheries Centre Working Paper Series 2006-2007. Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
28. Grellier, K. & Hammond, P.S. (2005) Feeding method affects otolith digestion in captive gray seals: Implications for diet composition estimation. Marine Mammal Science, 21, 296-306.
29. Grimm, V. (1999) Ten years of individual-based modelling in ecology: what have we learned and what could we learn in the future? Ecological Modelling, 115, 129-148.
30. Hall, A.J., McConnell, B., Pomeroy, P., Duck, C., Fedak, M., Matthiopoulos, J. & Walton, M.J. (2000) Variation in the diet, distribution, consumption and breeding population parameters of grey seals. In: The Effect of Large-Scale Industrial Fisheries on Non-Target Species. Final Report, Directorate General Fisheries of the European Commission (Ed. by J. Harwood).
31. Hammond, P.S. & Prime, J.H. (1990) The diet of British Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus). In: Population Biology of Sealworm (Pseudoterranova Decipiens) in Relation to its Intermediate and Seal Hosts (Ed. by W.D. Bowen), pp. 243-254. Canadian bulletin of fisheries and aquatic sciences, vol 222.
32. Hammond, P.S., Hall, A.J. & Prime, J.H. (1994a) The diet of grey seals around Orkney and other island and mainland sites in north-eastern Scotland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 31, 340-350.
33. Hammond, P.S., Hall, A.J. & Prime, J.H. (1994b) The diet of grey seals in the inner and outer Hebrides. Journal of Applied Ecology, 31, 737-746.
34. Harwood, J. & Stokes, K. (2003) Coping with uncertainty in ecological advice: Lessons from fisheries. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 18, 617-622.
35. Heithaus, M.R. & Frid, A. (2003) Optimal diving under the risk of predation. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 223, 79-93.
36. Holt, R.D. (1984) Spatial heterogeneity, indirect interactions, and the coexistence of prey species. The American Naturalist, 124, 377-406.
37. ICES (2006a) Report of the Working Group on the Assessment of Northern Shelf Demersal Stocks. Report No. ICES CM 2006/ACFM:13. ICES, Murmansk, Russia.
38. ICES (2006b) Report of the Working Group on the Assessment of Demersal Stocks in the North Sea and Skagerrak. Report No. ICES CM 2006/ACFM:09. ICES, Copenhagen, Denmark.
39. Innes, S., Lavigne, D.M., Earle, W.M. & Kovacs, K.M. (1987) Feeding rates of seals and whales. Journal of Animal Ecology, 56, 115-130.
40. Irvine, L.G., Hindell, M.A., van den Hoff, J. & Burton, H.R. (2000) The influence of body size on dive duration of underyearling southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina). Journal of Zoology, 251, 463-471.
41. Iverson, S.J., Field, C., Bowen, W.D. & Blanchard, W. (2004) Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis: A new method of estimating predator diets. Ecological Monographs, 74, 211-235.
42. Jennings, S., Kaiser, M.J. & Reynolds, J.D. (2001) Marine Fisheries Ecology. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK.
43. Koen-Alonso, M. & Yodzis, P. (2005) Multispecies modelling of some components of the marine community of northern and central Patagonia, Argentina. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 62, 1490-1512.
44. Lande, R., Sæther, B.-E. & Engen, S. (2001) Sustainable exploitation of fluctuating populations. In: Conservation of Exploited Species (Ed. by J.D. Reynolds, G.M. Mace, K.H. Redford & J.G. Robinson), pp. 67-86. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
45. Lavigne, D.M., Barchard, W., Innes, S. & Øritsland, N.A. (1982) Pinniped bioenergetics, 4, 191-235. FAO Fisheries Series 5.
46. Łomnicki, A. (1999) Individual-based models and the individual-based approach to population ecology. Ecological Modelling, 115, 191-198.
47. Loughlin, T.R., Perlov, A.S. & Vladimirov, V.A. (1992) Range-wide survey and estimation of total number of Steller sea lions in 1989. Marine Mammal Science, 8, 220-239.
48. McConnell, B., Fedak, M., Burton, H.R., Engelhard, G.H. & Reijnders, P.J.H. (2002) Movements and foraging areas of naive, recently weaned southern elephant seal pups. Journal of Animal Ecology, 71, 65-78.
49. McConnell, B.J., Fedak, M.A., Lovell, P. & Hammond, P.S. (1999) Movements and foraging areas of grey seals in the north sea. Journal of Applied Ecology, 36, 573-590.
50. Markussen, N.H., Ryg, M. & Lydersen, C. (1992) Food consumption of the NE Atlantic minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) population estimated with a simulation model. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 49, 317-323.
51. Mate, B.R., Lagerquist, B.A. & Calambokidis, J. (1999) Movements of North Pacific blue whales during the feeding season off southern California and their southern fall migration. Marine Mammal Science, 15, 1246-1257.
52. Matthiopoulos, J. (2003) The use of space by animals as a function of accessibility and preference. Ecological Modelling, 159, 239-268.
53. Matthiopoulos, J. & Hammond, P.S. (2003) Interactions Between Grey Seals and Fisheries: A Forecasting Model for Evaluating Management Options. Report on project MF0320 commissioned by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK, p. 17.
54. Matthiopoulos, J., McConnell, B., Duck, C. & Fedak, M. (2004) Using satellite telemetry and aerial counts to estimate space use by grey seals around the British isles. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41, 476-491.
55. Matthiopoulos, J., Graham, K., Smout, S., Asseburg, C., Redpath, S., Thirgood, S., Hudson, P. & Harwood, J. (2007) Sensitivity to assumptions in models of generalist predation on a cyclic prey. Ecology, 88, 2576-2586.
56. Maunder, M.N. & Punt, A.E. (2004) Standardizing catch and effort data: A review of recent approaches. Fisheries Research, 70, 141-159.
57. May, R.M. (1973) Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, USA.
58. Merrick, R.L., Loughlin, T.R., Antonelis, G.A. & Hill, R. (1994) Use of satellite-linked telemetry to study Steller sea lion and northern fur-seal foraging. Polar Research, 13, 105-114.
59. Milner-Gulland, E.J. (2001) The exploitation of spatially structured populations. In: Conservation of Exploited Species (Ed. by J.D. Reynolds, G.M. Mace, K.H. Redford & J.G. Robinson), pp. 87-109. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
60. Milner-Gulland, E.J. & Mace, R. (1998) Conservation of Biological Resources. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK.
61. National Research Council (2003) Decline of the Steller Sea Lion in Alaskan Waters: Untangling Food Webs and Fishing Nets. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
62. Northridge, S. (1984) World Review of Interactions between Marine Mammals and Fisheries. FAO fisheries technical paper 251. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
63. Northridge, S. (2002) Incidental catches. In: Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (Ed. by W.F. Perrin, B. Würsig & J.G. Thewissen), pp. 612-615. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.
64. Northridge, S. & Hofman, R.J. (1999) Marine mammal interactions with fisheries. In: Conservation and Management of Marine Mammals (Ed. by J.R. Twiss & R.R. Reeves). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, USA.
65. Oaten, A. & Murdoch, W.W. (1975) Functional response and stability in predator-prey systems. The American Naturalist, 109, 289-298.
66. Olesiuk, P.F. (1993) Annual prey consumption by harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. Fisheries Bulletin, 91, 491-515.
67. Page, B., McKenzie, J. & Goldsworthy, S.D. (2005) Inter-sexual differences in New Zealand fur seal diving behaviour. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 304, 249-264.
68. Pascual, M. & Adkison, M.D. (1994) The decline of the Steller sea lion in the northeast Pacific: Demography, harvest of environment? Ecological Applications, 4, 393-403.
69. Perez, M.A. & Loughlin, T.R. (1991) Incidental Catch of Marine Mammals by Foreign and Joint Venture Trawl Vessels in the US. EEZ of the North Pacific, 1973-88. NOAA Technical Report NMFS 104. U.S. Department of Commerce.
70. Pierce, G.J. & Boyle, P.R. (1991) A review of methods for diet analysis in piscivorous marine mammals. Oceanography and Marine Biology, 29, 409-486.
71. Prime, J.H. & Hammond, P.S. (1987) Quantitative assessment of gray seal diet from faecal analysis. In: Approaches to Marine Mammal Energetics (Ed. by A.C. Huntley, D.P. Costa, G.A.J. Worthy & M.A. Castellini), pp. 161-181. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
72. Prime, J.H. & Hammond, P.S. (1990) The diet of grey seals from the southwestern North Sea assessed from analyses of hard parts found in faeces. Journal of Applied Ecology, 27, 435-447.
73. Punt, A.E. & Fay, G. (2004) Can experimental manipulation be used to determine the cause of the decline of western stock of Steller Sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)? In: Sea Lions of the World (Ed. by A.W. Trites, S.K. Atkinson, D.P. DeMaster, L.W. Fritz, T.S. Gelatt, L.D. Rea & K.M. Wynne), pp. 435-454. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
74. Quinn, T.J.I. & Deriso, R.B. (1999) Quantitative Fish Dynamics. Oxford University Press, New York, USA.
75. Real, I.A. (1977) The kinetics of functional response. The American Naturalist, 111, 289-300.
76. Reinjders, P.J.H. & Aguilar, A. (2002) Pollution and marine mammals. In: Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (Ed. by W.F. Perrin, B. Würsig & J.G. Thewissen), pp. 948-957. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.
77. Reynolds, J.D., Jennings, S. & Dulvy, N.K. (2001) Life histories of fishes and population responses to exploitation. In: Conservation of Exploited Species (Ed. by J.D. Reynolds, G.M. Mace, K.H. Redford & J.G. Robinson), pp. 147-168. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
78. Robson, B.W., Goebel, M.E., Baker, J.D., Ream, R.R., Loughlin, T.R., Francis, R.C., Antonelis, G.A. & Costa, D.P. (2004) Separation of foraging habitat among breeding sites of a colonial marine predator, the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 82, 20-29.
79. Salas, S. & Gaertner, D. (2004) The behavioural dynamics of fishers: management implications. Fish and Fisheries, 5, 153-167.
80. Santos, M.B., Pierce, G.J., Boyle, P.R., Reid, R.J., Ross, H.M., Patterson, I.A.P., Kinze, C.C., Tougaard, S., Lick, R., Piatkowski, U. & Hernandez-Garcia, V. (1999) Stomach contents of sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus stranded in the North Sea 1990-1996. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 183, 281-294.
81. Saulitis, E., Matkin, C., Barrett-Lennard, L., Heise, K. & Ellis, G. (2000) Foraging strategies of sympatric killer whale (Orcinus orca) populations in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Marine Mammal Science, 16, 94-109.
82. Sease, J.L. & Loughlin, T.R. (1999) Aerial and Land-Based Surveys of Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska, June and July 1997 and 1998. U.S. Department of Commerce. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-100, p. 61.
83. Sih, A. (1987) Prey refuges and predator prey stability. Theoretical Population Biology, 31, 1-12.
84. Sinclair, E.H. & Zeppelin, T.K. (2002) Seasonal and spatial differences in diet in the western stock of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). Journal of Mammalogy, 83, 973-990.
85. SMRU (2005) Scientific Advice on Matters Related to the Management of Seal Populations. Report to the Special Committee on Seals, p. 93.
86. Springer, A.M., Estes, J.A., van Vliet, G.B., Williams, T.M., Doak, D.F., Danner, E.M., Forney, K.A. & Pfister, B. (2003) Sequential megafaunal collapse in the North Pacific Ocean: An ongoing legacy of industrial whaling? Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the USA, 100, 12223-12228.
87. Sutherland, W.J. (1983) Aggregation and the ideal free distribution. Journal of Animal Ecology, 52, 821-828.
88. Trites, A.W. & Donnelly, C.P. (2003) The decline of Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus in Alaska: A review of the nutritional stress hypothesis. Mammal Review, 33, 3-28.
89. Trites, A.W. & Larkin, P.A. (1996) Changes in the abundance of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) and their young during winter. Journal of Zoology, 256, 547-556.
90. Trites, A.W., Christensen, V. & Pauly, D. (1997) Competition between fisheries and marine mammals for prey and primary production in the Pacific Ocean. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Science, 22, 173-187.
91. Uchmañski, J. & Grimm, V. (1996) Individual-based modelling in ecology: What makes the difference? Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 11, 437-441.
92. Winship, A.J., Trites, A.W. & Rosen, D.A.S. (2002) A bioenergetic model for estimating the food requirements of Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus in Alaska, USA. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 229, 291-312.
93. Wolf, N., Melbourne, J. & Mangel, M. (2006) The method of multiple hypotheses and the decline of Steller sea lions in western Alaska. In: Top Predators in Marine Ecosystems: Their Role in Monitoring and Management (Ed. by I.L. Boyd, S. Wanless & K. Camphuysen), pp. 275-293. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
94. Woodby, D., Carlile, D., Siddeek, S., Funk, F., Clark, J.H. & Hulbert, L. (2005) Commercial Fisheries in Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Anchorage, Alaska, USA. Special Publication, 05-09.
95. Wright, P.J. & Begg, G.S. (1997) A spatial comparison of common guillemots and sandeels in Scottish waters. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 54, 578-592.
96. Yodzis, P. (1998) Local trophodynamics and the interaction of marine mammals and fisheries in the Benguela ecosystem. Journal of Animal Ecology, 67, 635-658.
97. Yodzis, P. (2001) Must top predators be culled for the sake of fisheries? Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 16, 78-84.