메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 47, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 1371-1383

Hepatitis C genotype 4: What we know and what we don't yet know

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; ALPHA2B INTERFERON; AMANTADINE; INTERFERON; PEGINTERFERON; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA2A; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA2B; RIBAVIRIN;

EID: 42249110672     PISSN: 02709139     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hep.22127     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (256)

References (99)
  • 2
    • 0032408707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification, nomenclature, and database development for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and related viruses: Proposals for srandardization. International Committee on Virus Taxonomy
    • Robertson B, Myers G, Howard C, Brettin T, Bukh J, Gaschen B, et al. Classification, nomenclature, and database development for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and related viruses: proposals for srandardization. International Committee on Virus Taxonomy. Arch Virol 1998;143:2493-2503.
    • (1998) Arch Virol , vol.143 , pp. 2493-2503
    • Robertson, B.1    Myers, G.2    Howard, C.3    Brettin, T.4    Bukh, J.5    Gaschen, B.6
  • 3
    • 18344381087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic hepatitis C and genotyping: The clinical significance of determining HCV genotypes
    • Hnatyszyn HJ. Chronic hepatitis C and genotyping: the clinical significance of determining HCV genotypes. Antiviral Ther 2005;10:1-11.
    • (2005) Antiviral Ther , vol.10 , pp. 1-11
    • Hnatyszyn, H.J.1
  • 4
    • 42249090174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C
    • Available at:, Accessed May 21, 2007
    • World Health Organization. Hepatitis C. WHO fact sheet 164. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs164/en/print.html. Accessed May 21, 2007.
    • WHO fact sheet , vol.164
  • 5
    • 26444432835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and treatment of hepatitis C virus genotypes 4, 5, and 6
    • Nguyen MH, Keeffe EB. Prevalence and treatment of hepatitis C virus genotypes 4, 5, and 6. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;3(Suppl 2):S97-S101.
    • (2005) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.3 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Nguyen, M.H.1    Keeffe, E.B.2
  • 6
    • 42249105022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egyptian Ministry of Health, Available at, Accessed 10 August
    • Egyptian Ministry of Health. Egyptian Ministry of Health Annual Report: 2007. Available at http://www.mohp.gov.eg/Main.asp. Accessed 10 August 2007.
    • (2007) Egyptian Ministry of Health Annual Report
  • 7
    • 0042752016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a community in the Nile Delta: Population description and HCV prevalence
    • Abdel-Aziz F, Habib M, Mohamed MK, Abdel-Hamid M, Gamil F, Madkour S, et al. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a community in the Nile Delta: population description and HCV prevalence. HEPATOLOGY 2000;32:111-115.
    • (2000) HEPATOLOGY , vol.32 , pp. 111-115
    • Abdel-Aziz, F.1    Habib, M.2    Mohamed, M.K.3    Abdel-Hamid, M.4    Gamil, F.5    Madkour, S.6
  • 9
    • 0027459488 scopus 로고
    • Sequence variability in the 5′ non-coding region of hepatitis C virus : Identification of a new virus type and resttictions on the sequence diversity
    • Simmonds P, McOmish F, Yap PL, Chan S-W, Lin CK, Dusheiko G, et al. Sequence variability in the 5′ non-coding region of hepatitis C virus : identification of a new virus type and resttictions on the sequence diversity. J Gen Virol 1993;74:661-668.
    • (1993) J Gen Virol , vol.74 , pp. 661-668
    • Simmonds, P.1    McOmish, F.2    Yap, P.L.3    Chan, S.-W.4    Lin, C.K.5    Dusheiko, G.6
  • 10
    • 0027522145 scopus 로고
    • Classification of hepatitis C virus into six major genotypes and a series of subtypes by phylogenetic analysis of the NS-5 region
    • Simmonds P, Holmes EC, Cha T-A, Chan SW, McOmish F, Irvine B, et al. Classification of hepatitis C virus into six major genotypes and a series of subtypes by phylogenetic analysis of the NS-5 region. J Gen Virol 1993;74:2391-2399.
    • (1993) J Gen Virol , vol.74 , pp. 2391-2399
    • Simmonds, P.1    Holmes, E.C.2    Cha, T.-A.3    Chan, S.W.4    McOmish, F.5    Irvine, B.6
  • 11
    • 0029000657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bhattacherjee V, Prescott LE, Pike I, Rodgers B, Bell H, El-Zayadi AR, et al. Use of NS-4 peptides to identify type specific antibody to hepatitis C virus genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. J Gen Virol 1995;76:1737-1748.
    • Bhattacherjee V, Prescott LE, Pike I, Rodgers B, Bell H, El-Zayadi AR, et al. Use of NS-4 peptides to identify type specific antibody to hepatitis C virus genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. J Gen Virol 1995;76:1737-1748.
  • 12
    • 0030928381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete nucleotide sequence of a type 4 hepatitis C virus variant, the predominant genotype in the Middle East
    • Chamberlain R, Adams N, Saeed AA, Simmonds P, Elliott RM. Complete nucleotide sequence of a type 4 hepatitis C virus variant, the predominant genotype in the Middle East. J Gen Virol 1997;78:1341-1347.
    • (1997) J Gen Virol , vol.78 , pp. 1341-1347
    • Chamberlain, R.1    Adams, N.2    Saeed, A.A.3    Simmonds, P.4    Elliott, R.M.5
  • 13
    • 42249115000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Los Alamos National Laboratory, Available at:, Accessed 9 August 2007
    • Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos HCV Database. Available at: http://hcv.lanl.gov/content/hcvdb/classification/genotable.html. Accessed 9 August 2007.
    • Los Alamos HCV Database
  • 14
    • 25844523297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus proposals for a unified system of nomenclature of hepatitis C virus genotypes
    • Simmonds P, Bukh J, Combet C, Deleage G, Enomoto N, Feinstone S, et al. Consensus proposals for a unified system of nomenclature of hepatitis C virus genotypes. HEPATOLOGY 2005;42:962-973.
    • (2005) HEPATOLOGY , vol.42 , pp. 962-973
    • Simmonds, P.1    Bukh, J.2    Combet, C.3    Deleage, G.4    Enomoto, N.5    Feinstone, S.6
  • 15
  • 16
    • 7444256169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity and evolution of hepatitis C virus - 15 years on
    • Simmonds P. Genetic diversity and evolution of hepatitis C virus - 15 years on. J Gen Virol 2004;85:3173-3188.
    • (2004) J Gen Virol , vol.85 , pp. 3173-3188
    • Simmonds, P.1
  • 18
    • 34250625319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observational VHC4 Study Group. Epidemiological charactetistics and response to peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection
    • Roulot D, Bourcier V, Grando V, Deny P, Baazia Y, Fontaine H, et al.; Observational VHC4 Study Group. Epidemiological charactetistics and response to peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection. J Viral Hepat 2007;14:460-467.
    • (2007) J Viral Hepat , vol.14 , pp. 460-467
    • Roulot, D.1    Bourcier, V.2    Grando, V.3    Deny, P.4    Baazia, Y.5    Fontaine, H.6
  • 19
    • 34248220080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity in hepatitis C virus in Egypt and possible association with hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Abdel Hamid M, El Daly M, Molnegren V, El-Kafrawy S, Abdel-Latif S, Esmat G, et al. Genetic diversity in hepatitis C virus in Egypt and possible association with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gen Virol 2007;88:1526-1531.
    • (2007) J Gen Virol , vol.88 , pp. 1526-1531
    • Abdel Hamid, M.1    El Daly, M.2    Molnegren, V.3    El-Kafrawy, S.4    Abdel-Latif, S.5    Esmat, G.6
  • 20
    • 0038543543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory CD8+ T cells are required for protection from persistent hepatitis C virus infection
    • Shoukry NH, Grakoui A, Houghton M, Chien DY, Ghrayeb J, Reimann KA, et al. Memory CD8+ T cells are required for protection from persistent hepatitis C virus infection. J Exp Med 2003;197:1645-1655.
    • (2003) J Exp Med , vol.197 , pp. 1645-1655
    • Shoukry, N.H.1    Grakoui, A.2    Houghton, M.3    Chien, D.Y.4    Ghrayeb, J.5    Reimann, K.A.6
  • 21
    • 17644444485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of successful immune responses in persons infected with hepatitis C virus
    • Lechner F, Wong DK, Dunbar PR, Chapman R, Chung RT, Dohrenwend P, et al. Analysis of successful immune responses in persons infected with hepatitis C virus. J Exp Med 2000;191:1499-1512.
    • (2000) J Exp Med , vol.191 , pp. 1499-1512
    • Lechner, F.1    Wong, D.K.2    Dunbar, P.R.3    Chapman, R.4    Chung, R.T.5    Dohrenwend, P.6
  • 22
    • 16844366354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 isolates in Egypt and analysis of the variability of envelope proteins E1 and E2 in patients with chronic hepatitis
    • Genovese D, Dettori S, Argentini C, Villano U, Chionne P, Angelico M, et al. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 isolates in Egypt and analysis of the variability of envelope proteins E1 and E2 in patients with chronic hepatitis. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:1902-1909.
    • (2005) J Clin Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 1902-1909
    • Genovese, D.1    Dettori, S.2    Argentini, C.3    Villano, U.4    Chionne, P.5    Angelico, M.6
  • 24
    • 0028132879 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 is highly prevalent in central Africa (Gabon)
    • Xu L-Z, Larzul D, Delaporte E, Bréchot C, Kremsdorf D. Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 is highly prevalent in central Africa (Gabon). J Gen Virol 1994;75:2393-2398.
    • (1994) J Gen Virol , vol.75 , pp. 2393-2398
    • Xu, L.-Z.1    Larzul, D.2    Delaporte, E.3    Bréchot, C.4    Kremsdorf, D.5
  • 25
    • 0041852686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis C virus isolates indicates a unique pattern of endemic infection in Cameroon
    • Ndjomou J, Pybus OG, Matz B. Phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis C virus isolates indicates a unique pattern of endemic infection in Cameroon. J Gen Virol 2003;84:2333-2341.
    • (2003) J Gen Virol , vol.84 , pp. 2333-2341
    • Ndjomou, J.1    Pybus, O.G.2    Matz, B.3
  • 26
    • 34247615493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hepatitis C virus epidemic in Cameroon: Genetic evidence for rapid transmission between 1920 and 1960
    • Njouom R, Nerrienet E, Dubois M, Lachenal G, Rousset D, Vessière A, et al. The hepatitis C virus epidemic in Cameroon: genetic evidence for rapid transmission between 1920 and 1960. Infect Genet Evol 2007;7:361-367.
    • (2007) Infect Genet Evol , vol.7 , pp. 361-367
    • Njouom, R.1    Nerrienet, E.2    Dubois, M.3    Lachenal, G.4    Rousset, D.5    Vessière, A.6
  • 27
    • 0037358963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology and iatrogenic transmission of hepatitis C virus in Egypt: A Bayesian coalescent approach
    • Pybus O, Drummond A, Nakano T, Robertson BH, Rambaut A. The epidemiology and iatrogenic transmission of hepatitis C virus in Egypt: a Bayesian coalescent approach. Mol Biol Evol 2003;20:381-387.
    • (2003) Mol Biol Evol , vol.20 , pp. 381-387
    • Pybus, O.1    Drummond, A.2    Nakano, T.3    Robertson, B.H.4    Rambaut, A.5
  • 28
  • 29
    • 0031047036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic liver disease in the Alexandria governorate, Egypt: Contribution of schistosomiasis and hepatitis virus infections
    • Angelico M, Renganathan E, Gandin C, Fathy M, Profili MC, Refai W, et al. Chronic liver disease in the Alexandria governorate, Egypt: contribution of schistosomiasis and hepatitis virus infections. J Hepatol 1997;26:236-243.
    • (1997) J Hepatol , vol.26 , pp. 236-243
    • Angelico, M.1    Renganathan, E.2    Gandin, C.3    Fathy, M.4    Profili, M.C.5    Refai, W.6
  • 30
    • 0034635771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy in the spread of hepatitis C in Egypt
    • Frank C, Mohamed MK, Strickland GT, Lavanchy D, Arthur RR, Magder LS, et al. The role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy in the spread of hepatitis C in Egypt. Lancet 2000;355:887-891.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 887-891
    • Frank, C.1    Mohamed, M.K.2    Strickland, G.T.3    Lavanchy, D.4    Arthur, R.R.5    Magder, L.S.6
  • 31
    • 0033943125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical, virological and histopathological features: Long-term follow-up in patients with chronic hepatitis C co-infected with S. mansoni
    • Kamal S, Madwar M, Bianchi L, Tawil AE, Fawzy R, Peters T, et al. Clinical, virological and histopathological features: long-term follow-up in patients with chronic hepatitis C co-infected with S. mansoni. Liver 2000;20:281-289.
    • (2000) Liver , vol.20 , pp. 281-289
    • Kamal, S.1    Madwar, M.2    Bianchi, L.3    Tawil, A.E.4    Fawzy, R.5    Peters, T.6
  • 32
    • 0035204126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus infection in a community in the Nile Delta: Risk factors for seropositivity
    • Habib M, Mohamed MK, Abdel-Aziz F, Magder LS, Abdel-Hamid M, Gamil F, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection in a community in the Nile Delta: risk factors for seropositivity. HEPATOLOGY 2001;33:248-253.
    • (2001) HEPATOLOGY , vol.33 , pp. 248-253
    • Habib, M.1    Mohamed, M.K.2    Abdel-Aziz, F.3    Magder, L.S.4    Abdel-Hamid, M.5    Gamil, F.6
  • 35
    • 33847670876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informal health providers and the transmission of hepatitis C virus: Pilot study in two Egyptian villages
    • El Katsha S, Labeeb S, Watts S, Younis A. Informal health providers and the transmission of hepatitis C virus: pilot study in two Egyptian villages. East Mediterr Health J 2006;12:758-767.
    • (2006) East Mediterr Health J , vol.12 , pp. 758-767
    • El Katsha, S.1    Labeeb, S.2    Watts, S.3    Younis, A.4
  • 36
    • 0346122755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational exposure to needlestick injuries and hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health care workers in Egypt
    • Talaat M, Kandeel A, El-Shoubary W, Bodenschatz C, Khairy I, Oun S, et al. Occupational exposure to needlestick injuries and hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health care workers in Egypt. Am J Infect Control 2003;31:469-474.
    • (2003) Am J Infect Control , vol.31 , pp. 469-474
    • Talaat, M.1    Kandeel, A.2    El-Shoubary, W.3    Bodenschatz, C.4    Khairy, I.5    Oun, S.6
  • 37
    • 7644243507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular immune responses in seronegative sexual contacts of acute hepatitis C patients
    • Kamal SM, Amin A, Madwar M, Graham CS, He Q, Al Tawil A, et al. Cellular immune responses in seronegative sexual contacts of acute hepatitis C patients. J Virol 2004;78:12252-12258.
    • (2004) J Virol , vol.78 , pp. 12252-12258
    • Kamal, S.M.1    Amin, A.2    Madwar, M.3    Graham, C.S.4    He, Q.5    Al Tawil, A.6
  • 38
    • 14844312920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the risk of transmission of hepatitis C between spouses in Egypt based on seroprevalence data
    • Magder LS, Fix AD, Mikhail NN, Mohamed MK, Abdel-Hamid M, Abdel-Aziz F, et al. Estimation of the risk of transmission of hepatitis C between spouses in Egypt based on seroprevalence data. Int J Epidemiol 2005;34:160-165.
    • (2005) Int J Epidemiol , vol.34 , pp. 160-165
    • Magder, L.S.1    Fix, A.D.2    Mikhail, N.N.3    Mohamed, M.K.4    Abdel-Hamid, M.5    Abdel-Aziz, F.6
  • 41
    • 21844457406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing of hepatitis C virus genotype patterns in France at the beginning of the third millennium: The GEMHEP GenoCII Study
    • Payan C, Roudot-Thoraval F, Marcellin P, Bled N, Duverlie G, Fouchard-Hubert I, et al. Changing of hepatitis C virus genotype patterns in France at the beginning of the third millennium: the GEMHEP GenoCII Study. J Viral Hepat 2005;12:405-413.
    • (2005) J Viral Hepat , vol.12 , pp. 405-413
    • Payan, C.1    Roudot-Thoraval, F.2    Marcellin, P.3    Bled, N.4    Duverlie, G.5    Fouchard-Hubert, I.6
  • 43
    • 20044366379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different seroprelavence and molecular epidemiology pattern of hepatitis C virus infection in Italy
    • Ansaldi F, Bruzzone B, Salamaso S, Rota MC, Durando P, Gasparini R, et al. Different seroprelavence and molecular epidemiology pattern of hepatitis C virus infection in Italy. J Med Virol 2005;76:327-332.
    • (2005) J Med Virol , vol.76 , pp. 327-332
    • Ansaldi, F.1    Bruzzone, B.2    Salamaso, S.3    Rota, M.C.4    Durando, P.5    Gasparini, R.6
  • 44
    • 33644875745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Greece: Temporal trends in HCV genotype-specific incidence and molecular characterization of genotype 4 isolates
    • Katsoulidou A, Sypsa V, Tassopoulos NC, Boletis J, Karafoulidou A, Ketikoglou I, et al. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Greece: temporal trends in HCV genotype-specific incidence and molecular characterization of genotype 4 isolates. J Viral Hepat 2006;13:19-27.
    • (2006) J Viral Hepat , vol.13 , pp. 19-27
    • Katsoulidou, A.1    Sypsa, V.2    Tassopoulos, N.C.3    Boletis, J.4    Karafoulidou, A.5    Ketikoglou, I.6
  • 45
    • 33749583068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of hepatitis C virus subtypes 4c and 4d in Malaga (Spain): Phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses
    • Fernandez-Arcas N, Lopez-Siles J, Trapero S, Ferraro A, Ibanez A, Orihuela F, et al. High prevalence of hepatitis C virus subtypes 4c and 4d in Malaga (Spain): phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses. J Med Virol 2006;78:1429-1435.
    • (2006) J Med Virol , vol.78 , pp. 1429-1435
    • Fernandez-Arcas, N.1    Lopez-Siles, J.2    Trapero, S.3    Ferraro, A.4    Ibanez, A.5    Orihuela, F.6
  • 46
    • 33846002756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete nucleotide sequence of genotype 4 hepatitis C viruses isolated from patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Franco S, Tural C, Clotet B, Martínez MA. Complete nucleotide sequence of genotype 4 hepatitis C viruses isolated from patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Virus Res 2007;123:161-169.
    • (2007) Virus Res , vol.123 , pp. 161-169
    • Franco, S.1    Tural, C.2    Clotet, B.3    Martínez, M.A.4
  • 48
    • 0030587906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparitis C virus genotypes in the United States: Epidemiology, pathogenicity, and response to interferon therapy
    • Zein N, Rakela J, Krawitt E, Reddy KR, Tominaga T, Persing DH. Heparitis C virus genotypes in the United States: epidemiology, pathogenicity, and response to interferon therapy. Ann Int Med 1996;125:634-639.
    • (1996) Ann Int Med , vol.125 , pp. 634-639
    • Zein, N.1    Rakela, J.2    Krawitt, E.3    Reddy, K.R.4    Tominaga, T.5    Persing, D.H.6
  • 49
    • 0036829816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of chronic hepatitis C
    • Seeff L. Natural history of chronic hepatitis C. HEPATOLOGY 2002;36(Suppl 1):S35-S46.
    • (2002) HEPATOLOGY , vol.36 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Seeff, L.1
  • 50
    • 0035009810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates and risk factors of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C
    • Poynard T, Ratziu V, Charlotte F, Goodman Z, McHutchison J, Albrecht J. Rates and risk factors of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2001;34:764-767.
    • (2001) J Hepatol , vol.34 , pp. 764-767
    • Poynard, T.1    Ratziu, V.2    Charlotte, F.3    Goodman, Z.4    McHutchison, J.5    Albrecht, J.6
  • 51
    • 0031836665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum and liver HCV RNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C: Correlation with clinical and histological features
    • De Moliner L, Pontisso P, De Salvo GL, Cavalletto L, Chemello L, Alberti A. Serum and liver HCV RNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C: correlation with clinical and histological features. Gut 1998;42:856-860.
    • (1998) Gut , vol.42 , pp. 856-860
    • De Moliner, L.1    Pontisso, P.2    De Salvo, G.L.3    Cavalletto, L.4    Chemello, L.5    Alberti, A.6
  • 52
    • 0032212556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HCV genotypes in Northern Italy: A survey of 1368 histologically proven chronic hepatitis C patients
    • Roffi L, Ricci A, Ogliari C, Scalori A, Minola E, Colloredo G, et al. HCV genotypes in Northern Italy: a survey of 1368 histologically proven chronic hepatitis C patients. J Hepatol 1998;29:701-706.
    • (1998) J Hepatol , vol.29 , pp. 701-706
    • Roffi, L.1    Ricci, A.2    Ogliari, C.3    Scalori, A.4    Minola, E.5    Colloredo, G.6
  • 53
    • 33846969570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HCV National Register Steering Group*. Does the clinical outcome of hepatitis C infection vary with the infecting hepatitis C virus type?
    • Harris HE, Eldridge KP, Harbour S, Alexander G, Teo CG, Ramsay ME. The HCV National Register Steering Group*. Does the clinical outcome of hepatitis C infection vary with the infecting hepatitis C virus type? J Viral Hepat 2007;14:213-220.
    • (2007) J Viral Hepat , vol.14 , pp. 213-220
    • Harris, H.E.1    Eldridge, K.P.2    Harbour, S.3    Alexander, G.4    Teo, C.G.5    Ramsay, M.E.6
  • 55
    • 33750117419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors and outcome among a large patient cohort with community-acquired acute hepatitis C in Italy
    • Santantonio T, Medda E, Ferrari C, Fabris P, Cariti G, Massari M, et al. Risk factors and outcome among a large patient cohort with community-acquired acute hepatitis C in Italy. Clin Infect Dis 2006;43:1154-1159.
    • (2006) Clin Infect Dis , vol.43 , pp. 1154-1159
    • Santantonio, T.1    Medda, E.2    Ferrari, C.3    Fabris, P.4    Cariti, G.5    Massari, M.6
  • 56
    • 33644875265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous viral clearance following acure hepatitis C infection: A systematic review of longitudinal studies
    • Micallef JM, Kaldor JM, Dore GJ. Spontaneous viral clearance following acure hepatitis C infection: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. J Viral Hepat 2006;13:34-41.
    • (2006) J Viral Hepat , vol.13 , pp. 34-41
    • Micallef, J.M.1    Kaldor, J.M.2    Dore, G.J.3
  • 57
    • 0034821953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hepatitis C without and with schistosomiasis: Corrlation with hepatitis C-specific CD4(+) T-cell and cytokine response
    • Kamal SM, Rasenack JW, Bianchi L, Al Tawil A, El Sayed Khalifa K, Peter T, et al. Acute hepatitis C without and with schistosomiasis: corrlation with hepatitis C-specific CD4(+) T-cell and cytokine response. Gastroenterology 2001;121:646-656.
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.121 , pp. 646-656
    • Kamal, S.M.1    Rasenack, J.W.2    Bianchi, L.3    Al Tawil, A.4    El Sayed Khalifa, K.5    Peter, T.6
  • 58
    • 29744454471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute Hepatitis C Collaborating Group. Acute hepatitis C infection in HIV positive men who have sex with men in Paris, France, 2001-2004
    • Gambotti L, Batisse D, Colin-de-Verdiere N, Delaroque-Astagneau E, Desenclos JC, Dominguez S, et al.; Acute Hepatitis C Collaborating Group. Acute hepatitis C infection in HIV positive men who have sex with men in Paris, France, 2001-2004. Euro Surveill 2005;10:115-117.
    • (2005) Euro Surveill , vol.10 , pp. 115-117
    • Gambotti, L.1    Batisse, D.2    Colin-de-Verdiere, N.3    Delaroque-Astagneau, E.4    Desenclos, J.C.5    Dominguez, S.6
  • 59
    • 1842555459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of intrahepatic hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD4+ T cell responses in HCV and Schistosoma mansoni coinfection: Relation to progression of liver fibrosis
    • Kamal SM, Graham CS, He Q, Bianchi L, Tawil AA, Rasenack JW, et al. Kinetics of intrahepatic hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD4+ T cell responses in HCV and Schistosoma mansoni coinfection: relation to progression of liver fibrosis. J Infect Dis 2004;189:1140-1150.
    • (2004) J Infect Dis , vol.189 , pp. 1140-1150
    • Kamal, S.M.1    Graham, C.S.2    He, Q.3    Bianchi, L.4    Tawil, A.A.5    Rasenack, J.W.6
  • 60
    • 33645986652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of fibrosis in hepatitis C with and without schistosomiasis: Correlation with serum markers of fibrosis
    • Kamal SM, Turner B, He Q, Rasenack J, Bianchi L, Al Tawil A, et al. Progression of fibrosis in hepatitis C with and without schistosomiasis: correlation with serum markers of fibrosis. HEPATOLOGY 2006;43:771-779.
    • (2006) HEPATOLOGY , vol.43 , pp. 771-779
    • Kamal, S.M.1    Turner, B.2    He, Q.3    Rasenack, J.4    Bianchi, L.5    Al Tawil, A.6
  • 61
    • 33947145201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of serum biomarkers of fibrosis and injury in Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C
    • Esmat G, Metwally M, Zalata KR, Gadalla S, Abdel-Hamid M, Abouzied A, et al. Evaluation of serum biomarkers of fibrosis and injury in Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2007;46:620-627.
    • (2007) J Hepatol , vol.46 , pp. 620-627
    • Esmat, G.1    Metwally, M.2    Zalata, K.R.3    Gadalla, S.4    Abdel-Hamid, M.5    Abouzied, A.6
  • 62
    • 34248589232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver fibrosis srage and HCV genotype distribution in HIV-HCV coinfected patients with persisrenrly normal transaminases
    • Maida I, Soriano V, Barreiro P, Rivas P, Labarga P, Núñez M. Liver fibrosis srage and HCV genotype distribution in HIV-HCV coinfected patients with persisrenrly normal transaminases. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2007;23:801-804.
    • (2007) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.23 , pp. 801-804
    • Maida, I.1    Soriano, V.2    Barreiro, P.3    Rivas, P.4    Labarga, P.5    Núñez, M.6
  • 64
    • 34547202444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with HCV genotype 4
    • Zayadi A, Attia M, Barakat EM, Zalata K, Saeid A, Hamdy H, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with HCV genotype 4. Gut 2007;56:1170-1171.
    • (2007) Gut , vol.56 , pp. 1170-1171
    • Zayadi, A.1    Attia, M.2    Barakat, E.M.3    Zalata, K.4    Saeid, A.5    Hamdy, H.6
  • 65
    • 37749046123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pegylated interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin in patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C: The role of rapid and early virologic response
    • Kamal SM, El Kamary SS, Shardell MD, Hashem M, Ahmed IN, Muhammadi M, et al. Pegylated interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin in patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C: the role of rapid and early virologic response. HEPATOLOGY 2007;46:1732-1740.
    • (2007) HEPATOLOGY , vol.46 , pp. 1732-1740
    • Kamal, S.M.1    El Kamary, S.S.2    Shardell, M.D.3    Hashem, M.4    Ahmed, I.N.5    Muhammadi, M.6
  • 67
    • 22044447648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steatosis and chronic hepatitis C virus infection: Mechanisms and significance
    • Patel K, Zekry A, McHurchison JG. Steatosis and chronic hepatitis C virus infection: mechanisms and significance. Clin Liv Dis 2005;9:399-410.
    • (2005) Clin Liv Dis , vol.9 , pp. 399-410
    • Patel, K.1    Zekry, A.2    McHurchison, J.G.3
  • 68
    • 33646529840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HCV Meta-Analysis (on) Individual Patients' Data Study Group. Relationship between steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C: A meta-analysis of individual patient data
    • Leandro G, Mangia A, Hui J, Fabris P, Rubbia-Brandt L, Colloredo G, et al.; HCV Meta-Analysis (on) Individual Patients' Data Study Group. Relationship between steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Gastroenterology 2006;130:1636-1642.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , pp. 1636-1642
    • Leandro, G.1    Mangia, A.2    Hui, J.3    Fabris, P.4    Rubbia-Brandt, L.5    Colloredo, G.6
  • 70
    • 0029934861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus infection and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among Japanese: Possible role of type 1b (II) infection
    • Tanaka K, Ikematsu H, Hirohata T, Kashiwagi S. Hepatitis C virus infection and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among Japanese: possible role of type 1b (II) infection. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:742-746.
    • (1996) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.88 , pp. 742-746
    • Tanaka, K.1    Ikematsu, H.2    Hirohata, T.3    Kashiwagi, S.4
  • 71
    • 36348950196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b as a major risk factor associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: A seventeen-year prospective cohort study
    • Bruno S, Crosignani A, Maisonneuve P, Rossi S, Silini E, Mondelli M. Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b as a major risk factor associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: a seventeen-year prospective cohort study. HEPATOLOGY 2007;46:1350-1356.
    • (2007) HEPATOLOGY , vol.46 , pp. 1350-1356
    • Bruno, S.1    Crosignani, A.2    Maisonneuve, P.3    Rossi, S.4    Silini, E.5    Mondelli, M.6
  • 72
    • 42249114810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Cancer Registry of Egypt, Available at:, Accessed 3 August 2007
    • National Cancer Registry of Egypt. Magnitude of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt. Available at: http://www.nci.edu.eg. Accessed 3 August 2007.
    • Magnitude of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt
  • 73
    • 42249115179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freedman LS, Edwards BK, Ries LAG, Young JL, eds. Cancer Incidence in Four Member Countries (Cyprus, Egypr, Israel, and Jordan) of the Middle East Cancer Consortium (MECC) Compared with US SEER. NIH Pub. No. 06-5873. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 2006.
    • Freedman LS, Edwards BK, Ries LAG, Young JL, eds. Cancer Incidence in Four Member Countries (Cyprus, Egypr, Israel, and Jordan) of the Middle East Cancer Consortium (MECC) Compared with US SEER. NIH Pub. No. 06-5873. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 2006.
  • 75
    • 0038359448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of viral genotypes and rejection episodes on the recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation
    • Sugo H, Balderson GA, Crawford DH, Fawcett J, Lynch SV, Strong RW, et al. The influence of viral genotypes and rejection episodes on the recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation. Surg Today 2003;33:421-425.
    • (2003) Surg Today , vol.33 , pp. 421-425
    • Sugo, H.1    Balderson, G.A.2    Crawford, D.H.3    Fawcett, J.4    Lynch, S.V.5    Strong, R.W.6
  • 76
    • 0030981536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between hepatitis C genotype and severity of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation
    • Gordon FD, Poterucha JJ, Germer J, Zein NN, Batts KP, Gross JB Jr, et al. Relationship between hepatitis C genotype and severity of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation. Transplantation 1997;63:1419-1423.
    • (1997) Transplantation , vol.63 , pp. 1419-1423
    • Gordon, F.D.1    Poterucha, J.J.2    Germer, J.3    Zein, N.N.4    Batts, K.P.5    Gross Jr, J.B.6
  • 77
    • 0344519762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver transplantation forHCV associated liver cirrhosis: Predictors of outcomes in a population with significant genotype 3 and 4 distribution
    • Zekry A, Whiting P, Crawford DH, Angus PW, Jeffrey GP, Padbury RT, et al. Liver transplantation forHCV associated liver cirrhosis: Predictors of outcomes in a population with significant genotype 3 and 4 distribution. Liver Transpl 2003;9:339-347.
    • (2003) Liver Transpl , vol.9 , pp. 339-347
    • Zekry, A.1    Whiting, P.2    Crawford, D.H.3    Angus, P.W.4    Jeffrey, G.P.5    Padbury, R.T.6
  • 78
    • 0042563384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of liver transplantation for patients infected by hepatitis C, including those infected by genotype 4
    • Wali MH, Heydtmann M, Harrison RF, Gunson BK, Mutimer DJ. Outcome of liver transplantation for patients infected by hepatitis C, including those infected by genotype 4. Liver Transplantation 2003;9:796-804.
    • (2003) Liver Transplantation , vol.9 , pp. 796-804
    • Wali, M.H.1    Heydtmann, M.2    Harrison, R.F.3    Gunson, B.K.4    Mutimer, D.J.5
  • 79
    • 0034674034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 4 is associated with a poot response ro interferon-alpha
    • Zylberberg H, Chaix ML, Brechot C. Infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 4 is associated with a poot response ro interferon-alpha. Ann Intern Med 2000;132:845-846.
    • (2000) Ann Intern Med , vol.132 , pp. 845-846
    • Zylberberg, H.1    Chaix, M.L.2    Brechot, C.3
  • 80
    • 0033962163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C and schistosomiasis
    • Kamal SM, Madwar MA, Peters T, Fawzy R, Rasenack J. Interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C and schistosomiasis. J Hepatol 2000;32:172-174.
    • (2000) J Hepatol , vol.32 , pp. 172-174
    • Kamal, S.M.1    Madwar, M.A.2    Peters, T.3    Fawzy, R.4    Rasenack, J.5
  • 81
    • 0033930712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved response to ribavirin inrerferon combination compared with interferon alone in patients with type 4 chronic heparitis C without cirrhosis
    • Koshy A, Marcellin P, Martinot M, Madda JP. Improved response to ribavirin inrerferon combination compared with interferon alone in patients with type 4 chronic heparitis C without cirrhosis. Liver 2000;20:335-339.
    • (2000) Liver , vol.20 , pp. 335-339
    • Koshy, A.1    Marcellin, P.2    Martinot, M.3    Madda, J.P.4
  • 82
    • 19944409281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peginterferon a-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon a-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C in Saudi patients commonly infected with genotype 4
    • Alfaleh FZ, Hadad Q, Khuroo MS, Aljumah A, Algamedi A, Alashgar H, et al. Peginterferon a-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon a-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C in Saudi patients commonly infected with genotype 4. Liver Int 2004;24:568-574.
    • (2004) Liver Int , vol.24 , pp. 568-574
    • Alfaleh, F.Z.1    Hadad, Q.2    Khuroo, M.S.3    Aljumah, A.4    Algamedi, A.5    Alashgar, H.6
  • 83
    • 3042673841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjects with chronic hepatitis C and genotype 4 have a similarly effective response to standard or pegylated interferon in combination with ribavirin [Abstract]
    • Esmat G, Abouzied AM, Abdel-Aziz F, Strickland T. Subjects with chronic hepatitis C and genotype 4 have a similarly effective response to standard or pegylated interferon in combination with ribavirin [Abstract]. HEPATOLOGY 2003;38(Suppl):324A.
    • (2003) HEPATOLOGY , vol.38 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Esmat, G.1    Abouzied, A.M.2    Abdel-Aziz, F.3    Strickland, T.4
  • 84
    • 4344635133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy of peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin significantly enhance sustained virological and biochemical response rate in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 patients in Saudi Arabia [Abstract]
    • Shobokshi OA, Serebour FE, Skakni L, Al Khalifa M. Combination therapy of peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin significantly enhance sustained virological and biochemical response rate in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 patients in Saudi Arabia [Abstract]. HEPATOLOGY 2003;38(Suppl):996A.
    • (2003) HEPATOLOGY , vol.38 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Shobokshi, O.A.1    Serebour, F.E.2    Skakni, L.3    Al Khalifa, M.4
  • 85
    • 1542462316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of peginterferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 among Egyptian patients [Abstract]
    • Thakeb FAI, Omar MM, El Awadi MM, Isshak SY. Randomized controlled trial of peginterferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 among Egyptian patients [Abstract]. HEPATOLOGY 2003;38:252A.
    • (2003) HEPATOLOGY , vol.38
    • Thakeb, F.A.I.1    Omar, M.M.2    El Awadi, M.M.3    Isshak, S.Y.4
  • 86
    • 4544344295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4
    • Hasan F, Asker H, Al-Khaldi J, Siddique I, Al-Ajmi M, Owaid S, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:1733-1737.
    • (2004) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.99 , pp. 1733-1737
    • Hasan, F.1    Asker, H.2    Al-Khaldi, J.3    Siddique, I.4    Al-Ajmi, M.5    Owaid, S.6
  • 87
    • 0346727453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimized virologic response in hepatitis C virus genotype 4 with peginterferon-alpha2a and ribavirin
    • Diago M, Hassanein T, Rodes J, Ackrill AM, Sedarati F. Optimized virologic response in hepatitis C virus genotype 4 with peginterferon-alpha2a and ribavirin. Ann Intern Med 2004;140:72-73.
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 72-73
    • Diago, M.1    Hassanein, T.2    Rodes, J.3    Ackrill, A.M.4    Sedarati, F.5
  • 88
    • 9944257515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: A randomized trial of peginterferon plus ribavirin for the initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4
    • Khuroo MS, Khuroo MS, Dahab ST. Meta-analysis: a randomized trial of peginterferon plus ribavirin for the initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004;20:931-938.
    • (2004) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.20 , pp. 931-938
    • Khuroo, M.S.1    Khuroo, M.S.2    Dahab, S.T.3
  • 89
    • 21144449073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kamal SM, El Tawil AA, Nakano T, He Q, Rasenack J, Hakam SK, et al. Peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin therapy in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4: impact of treatment duration and viral kinetics on sustained virological response. Gur 2005;54:858-866.
    • Kamal SM, El Tawil AA, Nakano T, He Q, Rasenack J, Hakam SK, et al. Peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin therapy in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4: impact of treatment duration and viral kinetics on sustained virological response. Gur 2005;54:858-866.
  • 90
    • 32444449114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of hepatitis C genotype-4 naive patients to 24 weeks of peg-interferon-a2b/ribavirin or induction-dose interferon a2b/ribavirin/ amantadine: A non-randomized controlled study
    • El Zayadi AR, Attia M, Barakat EM, Badran HM, Hamdy H, El-Tawil A, et al. Response of hepatitis C genotype-4 naive patients to 24 weeks of peg-interferon-a2b/ribavirin or induction-dose interferon a2b/ribavirin/ amantadine: a non-randomized controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol 2005;100:2447-2452.
    • (2005) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.100 , pp. 2447-2452
    • El Zayadi, A.R.1    Attia, M.2    Barakat, E.M.3    Badran, H.M.4    Hamdy, H.5    El-Tawil, A.6
  • 91
    • 33750100192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 with peginterferon alfa-2a: Impact of bilharziasis and fibrosis stage
    • Derbala MF, Al Kaabi SR, El Dweik NZ, Pasic F, Butt MT, Yakoob R, et al. Treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 with peginterferon alfa-2a: impact of bilharziasis and fibrosis stage. World J Gastroenterol 2006;12:5692-5698.
    • (2006) World J Gastroenterol , vol.12 , pp. 5692-5698
    • Derbala, M.F.1    Al Kaabi, S.R.2    El Dweik, N.Z.3    Pasic, F.4    Butt, M.T.5    Yakoob, R.6
  • 92
    • 34547738021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and pathological characteristics and response to combination therapy of genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C patients: Experience from a Spanish center
    • Trapero-Marugan M, Moreno-Monteagudo JA, Garcia-Buey L, Borque MJ, Medina J, Garcia-Sanchez A, et al. Clinical and pathological characteristics and response to combination therapy of genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C patients: experience from a Spanish center. J Chemother 2007;19:423-427.
    • (2007) J Chemother , vol.19 , pp. 423-427
    • Trapero-Marugan, M.1    Moreno-Monteagudo, J.A.2    Garcia-Buey, L.3    Borque, M.J.4    Medina, J.5    Garcia-Sanchez, A.6
  • 96
    • 0344838353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cost-effectiveness analysis of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for the treatment of naive patients with chronic hepatitis C
    • Buti M, Medina M, Casado MA, Wong JB, Fosbrook L, Esteban R. A cost-effectiveness analysis of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for the treatment of naive patients with chronic hepatitis C. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17:687-694.
    • (2003) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.17 , pp. 687-694
    • Buti, M.1    Medina, M.2    Casado, M.A.3    Wong, J.B.4    Fosbrook, L.5    Esteban, R.6
  • 97
    • 0036299971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared to interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin as initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C in Belgium
    • Wong JB, Nevens F. Cost-effectiveness of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared to interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin as initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C in Belgium. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2002;65:110-111.
    • (2002) Acta Gastroenterol Belg , vol.65 , pp. 110-111
    • Wong, J.B.1    Nevens, F.2
  • 98
    • 27744443815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial impact of two different ways of evaluating early virological response to peginterferon-alpha- 2b plus ribavirin therapy in trearment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1
    • Buti M, Casado MA, Fosbrook L, Esteban R. Financial impact of two different ways of evaluating early virological response to peginterferon-alpha- 2b plus ribavirin therapy in trearment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1. Pharmacoeconomics 2005;23:1043-1055.
    • (2005) Pharmacoeconomics , vol.23 , pp. 1043-1055
    • Buti, M.1    Casado, M.A.2    Fosbrook, L.3    Esteban, R.4
  • 99
    • 28844451934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of 24 weeks treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C infected with genotype 1 and low pretreatment viremia
    • Zeuzem S, Buti M, Ferenci P, Sperl J, Horsmans Y, Cianciara J, et al. Efficacy of 24 weeks treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C infected with genotype 1 and low pretreatment viremia. J Hepatol 2006;44:97-103.
    • (2006) J Hepatol , vol.44 , pp. 97-103
    • Zeuzem, S.1    Buti, M.2    Ferenci, P.3    Sperl, J.4    Horsmans, Y.5    Cianciara, J.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.