Pharmacokinetics and drug resistance of melphalan in regional chemotherapy: ILP versus ILI

International Journal of Hyperthermia

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 239-249

  Padussis, James C ^a   Steerman, Samuel N ^b   Tyler, Douglas ^a   Mosca, Paul J ^b,c  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b LEHIGH VALLEY HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c PENN STATE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Chemo modulator; Glutathione; Isolated limb infusion; Isolated limb perfusion; Two compartment model

Indexed keywords

6 O ALKYLGUANINE DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE; 6 O BENZYLGUANINE; BUTHIONINE SULFOXIMINE; DNA; DNA TOPOISOMERASE (ATP HYDROLYSING); GLUTATHIONE; MELPHALAN; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN 1; TEMOZOLOMIDE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

AMPUTATION; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION; CANCER SURVIVAL; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; COMPARTMENT MODEL; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; DNA REPAIR; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG CLEARANCE; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG INACTIVATION; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG PROTEIN BINDING; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG STRUCTURE; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG TRANSPORT; ENZYME ACTIVITY; EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION; HUMAN; HYPERTHERMIC THERAPY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; LIMB DISEASE; LIMB PERFUSION; LYMPH NODE DISSECTION; MELANOMA; MONOTHERAPY; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PREDICTION; REVIEW; SARCOMA; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VASCULAR SURGERY;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CHEMOTHERAPY, CANCER, REGIONAL PERFUSION; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; DRUG RESISTANCE, NEOPLASM; HUMANS; HYPERTHERMIA, INDUCED; MELANOMA; MELPHALAN; SARCOMA;

EID: 42049119491     PISSN: 02656736     EISSN: 14645157     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02656730701816410     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. Vrouenraets, BC, Nieweg, OE and Kroon, BB (1996) Thirty-five years of isolated limb perfusion for melanoma: Indications and results. Br J Surg, 83:10, pp. 1319-1328.
2. Minor, DR, Allen, RE, Alberts, D., Peng, YM, Tardelli, G. and Hutchinson, J. (1985) A clinical and pharmacokinetic study of isolated limb perfusion with heat and melphalan for melanoma. Cancer, 55:11, pp. 2638-2644.
3. Cornett, WR, McCall, LM, Petersen, RP, Ross, MI, Briele, HA, Noyes, RD, Sussman, JJ, Kraybill, WG, Kane 3rd, JM and Alexander, HR (2006) Randomized multicenter trial of hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with melphalan alone compared with melphalan plus tumor necrosis factor: American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Trial Z0020. J Clin Oncol, 24:25, pp. 4196-4201.
4. Storm, FK and Morton, DL (1985) Value of therapeutic hyperthermic limb perfusion in advanced recurrent melanoma of the lower extremity. Am J Surg, 150:1, pp. 32-35.
5. Thompson, JF and Gianoutsos, MP (1992) Isolated limb perfusion for melanoma: Effectiveness and toxicity of cisplatin compared with that of melphalan and other drugs. World J Surg, 16:2, pp. 227-233.
6. Hayes, AJ, Neuhaus, SJ, Clark, MA and Thomas, JM (2007) Isolated limb perfusion with melphalan and tumor necrosis factor alpha for advanced melanoma and soft-tissue sarcoma. Ann Surg Oncol, 14:1, pp. 230-238.
7. Knorr, C., Meyer, T., Janssen, T., Goehl, J. and Hohenberger, W. (2006) Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (HILP) in malignant melanoma. Experience with 101 patients. Eur J Surg Oncol, 32:2, pp. 224-227.
8. Thompson, JF, Kam, PC, Waugh, RC and Harman, CR (1998) Isolated limb infusion with cytotoxic agents: A simple alternative to isolated limb perfusion. Semin Surg Oncol, 14:3, pp. 238-247.
9. Aloia, TA, Grubbs, E., Onaitis, M., Mosca, PJ, Cheng, T-Y, Seigler, H. and Tyler, DS (2005) Predictors of outcome after hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion: Role of tumor response. Arch Surg, 140:11, pp. 1115-1120.
10. Lindner, P., Doubrovsky, A., Kam, PC and Thompson, JF (2002) Prognostic factors after isolated limb infusion with cytotoxic agents for melanoma. Ann Surg Oncol, 9:2, pp. 127-136.
11. Brady, MS, Brown, K., Patel, A., Fisher, C. and Marx, W. (2006) A phase II trial of isolated limb infusion with melphalan and dactinomycin for regional melanoma and soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity. Ann Surg Oncol, 13:8, pp. 1123-1129.
12. Lindner, P., Thompson, JF, De Wilt, JHW, Colman, M. and Kam, PCA (2004) Double isolated limb infusion with cytotoxic agents for recurrent and metastatic limb melanoma. Eur J Surg Oncol, 30:4, pp. 433-439.
13. Taber, SW and Polk Jr, HC (1997) Mortality, major amputation rates, and leukopenia after isolated limb perfusion with phenylalanine mustard for the treatment of melanoma. Ann Surg Oncol, 4:5, pp. 440-445.
14. Cheng, T-Y, Grubbs, E., Abdul-Wahab, O., Leu, S-Y, Hung, C-F, Petros, W., Aloia, T., Fedrau, R., Pruitt, S. and Colvin, M. (2003) Marked variability of melphalan plasma drug levels during regional hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion. Am J Surg, 186:5, pp. 460-467.
15. Koops, HS, Lejeune, FJ, Kroon, BBR and Hoekstra, HJ (2004) Isolated limb perfusion for melanoma: Technical aspects. Textbook of Melanoma, pp. 404-409. Martin Dunitz, London
16. McDermott, P., Lawson, DS, Walczak Jr, R., Tyler, D. and Shearer, IR (2005) An isolated limb infusion technique: A guide for the perfusionist. J Extra Corpor Technol, 37:4, pp. 396-399.
17. Roberts, MS, Wu, ZY, Siebert, GA, Thompson, JF and Smithers, BM (2001) Saturable dose-response relationships for melphalan in melanoma treatment by isolated limb infusion in the nude rat. Melanoma Res, 11:6, pp. 611-618.
18. Roberts, MS, Wu, ZY, Siebert, GA, Anissimov, YG, Thompson, JF and Smithers, BM (2001) Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of melphalan in isolated limb infusion for recurrent localized limb malignancy. Melanoma Res, 11:4, pp. 423-431.
19. Klaase, JM, Kroon, BB, Beijnen, JH, van Slooten, GW and van Dongen, JA (1994) Melphalan tissue concentrations in patients treated with regional isolated perfusion for melanoma of the lower limb. Br J Cancer, 70:1, pp. 151-153.
20. Nagel, JD, Kruger, I., Ghussen, F. and Bode, U. (1991) Clinical pharmacokinetics of mitoxantrone in hyperthermic, isolated perfusion of the leg. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 29:2, pp. 155-158.
21. Daryanani, D., Komdeur, R., Veen, J Ter, Nijhuis, PH, Piers, DA and Hoekstra, HJ (2001) Continuous leakage measurement during hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion. Ann Surg Oncol, 8:7, pp. 566-572.
22. Vrouenraets, BC, Kroon, BB, Ogilvie, AC, van Geel, AN, Nieweg, OE, Swaak, AJ and Eggermont, AM (1999) Absence of severe systemic toxicity after leakage-controlled isolated limb perfusion with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and melphalan. Ann Surg Oncol, 6:4, pp. 405-412.
23. Tominaga, R., Kohno, H., Mayumi, H., Shiraishi, K., Nagae, S., Nakayama, J. and Yasui, H. (2000) Current techniques of hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion for malignant melanoma. Surg Today, 30:4, pp. 339-342.
24. Sorkin, P., Abu-Abid, S., Lev, D., Gutman, M., Aderka, D., Halpern, P., Setton, A., Kudlik, N., Bar-On, J. and Rudich, V. (1995) Systemic leakage and side effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha administered via isolated limb perfusion can be manipulated by flow rate adjustment. Arch Surg, 130:10, pp. 1079-1084.
25. Clark, J., Grabs, AJ, Parsons, PG, Smithers, BM, Addison, RS and Roberts, MS (1994) Melphalan uptake, hyperthermic synergism and drug resistance in a human cell culture model for the isolated limb perfusion of melanoma. Melanoma Res, 4:6, pp. 365-370.
26. Bryant, PJ, Balderson, GA, Mead, P. and Egerton, WS (1995) Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion for malignant melanoma: Response and survival. World J Surg, 19:3, pp. 363-368.
27. Bastable, JR (1964) The effect of temperature on uptake of melphalan during regional perfusion. Br J Surg, 51, pp. 867-870.
28. Norda, A., Loos, U., Sastry, M., Goehl, J. and Hohenberger, W. (1999) Pharmacokinetics of melphalan in isolated limb perfusion. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 43:1, pp. 35-42.
29. Abdel-Wahab, OI, Grubbs, E., Viglianti, BL, Cheng, T-Y, Ueno, T., Ko, S., Rabbani, Z., Curtis, S., Pruitt, SK and Dewhirst, MW (2004) The role of hyperthermia in regional alkylating agent chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res, 10:17, pp. 5919-5929.
30. Parsons, PG, Carter, FB, Morrison, L. and Regius Mary, S (1981) Mechanism of melphalan resistance developed in vitro in human melanoma cells. Cancer Res, 41:4, pp. 1525-1534.
31. Thompson, JF, Kam, PCA, de Wilt, JHW and Lindner, P. (2004) Isolated limb infusion for melanoma. Textbook of Melanoma, pp. 429-437. Martin Dunitz, London
32. Nooijen, PT, Manusama, ER, Eggermont, AM, Schalkwijk, L., Stavast, J., Marquet, RL, de Waal, RM and Ruiter, DJ (1996) Synergistic effects of TNF-alpha and melphalan in an isolated limb perfusion model of rat sarcoma: A histopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopical study. Br J Cancer, 74:12, pp. 1908-1915.
33. Dufour, M., Panasci, LC, Germain, J. St. and Boulet, L. (1985) Effects of amino acids on the transport and cytotoxicity of melphalan by human bone marrow cells and human tumor cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 15:2, pp. 125-131.
34. Vistica, DT, Toal, JN and Rabinovitz, M. (1978) Amino acid-conferred protection against melphalan-characterization of melphalan transport and correlation of uptake with cytotoxicity in cultured L1210 murine leukemia cells. Biochem Pharmacol, 27:24, pp. 2865-2870.
35. Komdeur, R., Plaat, BEC, van der Graaf, WTA, Hoekstra, HJ, Hollema, H., Berg, E van den, Zwart, N., Scheper, RJ and Molenaar, WM (2003) Expression of multidrug resistance proteins, P-gp, MRP1 and LRP, in soft tissue sarcomas analysed according to their histological type and grade. Eur J Cancer, 39:7, pp. 909-916.
36. Arts, HJ, Katsaros, D., de Vries, EG, Massobrio, M., Genta, F., Danese, S., Arisio, R., Scheper, RJ, Kool, M. and Schffer, GL (1999) Drug resistance-associated markers P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2, and lung resistance protein as prognostic factors in ovarian carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res, 5:10, pp. 2798-2805.
37. Komdeur, R., Plaat, BE, Hoekstra, HJ, Molenaar, WM, Hollema, H., Berg, E van den, Mastik, MF and van der Graaf, WT (2001) Expression of P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1, and lung resistance-related protein in human soft tissue sarcomas before and after hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and melphalan. Cancer, 91:10, pp. 1940-1948.
38. Stein, U., Jurchott, K., Schlafke, M. and Hohenberger, P. (2002) Expression of multidrug resistance genes MVP, MDR1, and MRP1 determined sequentially before, during, and after hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion of soft tissue sarcoma and melanoma patients. J Clin Oncol, 20:15, pp. 3282-3292.
39. McClean, S. and Hill, BT (1992) An overview of membrane, cytosolic and nuclear proteins associated with the expression of resistance to multiple drugs in vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1114:2, pp. 107-127.
40. Suzukake, K., Vistica, BP and Vistica, DT (1983) Dechlorination of L-phenylalanine mustard by sensitive and resistant tumor cells and its relationship to intracellular glutathione content. Biochem Pharmacol, 32:1, pp. 165-167.
41. Dulik, DM, Fenselau, C. and Hilton, J. (1986) Characterization of melphalan-glutathione adducts whose formation is catalyzed by glutathione transferases. Biochem Pharmacol, 35:19, pp. 3405-3409.
42. Buller, AL, Clapper, ML and Tew, KD (1987) Glutathione S-transferases in nitrogen mustard resistant and sensitive cell lines. Mol Pharmacol, 31:6, pp. 575-578.
43. Suzukake, K., Petro, BJ and Vistica, DT (1982) Reduction in glutathione content of L-PAM resistant L1210 cells confers drug sensitivity. Biochem Pharmacol, 31:1, pp. 121-124.
44. Grubbs, EG, Abdel-Wahab, O., Cheng, T-Y, Abdel-Wahab, Z., Peterson, B., Pruitt, SK, Colvin, OM, Friedman, HS and Tyler, DS (2004) In-transit melanoma: The role of alkylating-agent resistance in regional therapy. J Am Coll Surg, 199:3, pp. 419-427.
45. Green, JA, Vistica, DT, Young, RC, Hamilton, TC, Rogan, AM and Ozols, RF (1984) Potentiation of melphalan cytotoxicity in human ovarian cancer cell lines by glutathione depletion. Cancer Res, 44:11, pp. 5427-5431.
46. Ball, CR, Connors, TA, Double, JA, Ujhazy, V. and Whisson, ME (1966) Comparison of nitrogen mustard sensitive and resistant Yoshida sarcomas. Int J Cancer, 1:4, pp. 319-327.
47. Harkey, MA, Czerwinski, M., Slattery, J. and Kiem, H-P (2005) Overexpression of glutathione-S-transferase, MGSTII, confers resistance to busulfan and melphalan. Cancer Invest, 23:1, pp. 19-25.
48. Platz, A., Jungnelius, U., Grafstrom, E., Lagerlof, B., Mannervik, B. and Ringborg, U. (1995) Glutathione transferase P1-1 expression in human melanoma metastases: Correlation to N-RAS mutations and expression. Acta Oncol, 34:6, pp. 759-765.
49. Tsuchida, S., Sekine, Y., Shineha, R., Nishihira, T. and Sato, K. (1989) Elevation of the placental glutathione S-transferase form (GST-pi) in tumor tissues and the levels in sera of patients with cancer. Cancer Res, 49:18, pp. 5225-5229.
50. Mannervik, B., Castro, VM, Danielson, UH, Tahir, MK, Hansson, J. and Ringborg, U. (1987) Expression of class Pi glutathione transferase in human malignant melanoma cells. Carcinogenesis, 8:12, pp. 1929-1932.
51. Hansson, J., Berhane, K., Castro, VM, Jungnelius, U., Mannervik, B. and Ringborg, U. (1991) Sensitization of human melanoma cells to the cytotoxic effect of melphalan by the glutathione transferase inhibitor ethacrynic acid. Cancer Res, 51:1, pp. 94-98.
52. Strumeyer, DH and Bloch, K. (1960) Some properties of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. J Biol Chem, 235, p. PC27.
53. Griffith, OW and Meister, A. (1979) Potent and specific inhibition of glutathione synthesis by buthionine sulfoximine (S-n-butyl homocysteine sulfoximine). J Biol Chem, 254:16, pp. 7558-7560.
54. Biroccio, A., Benassi, B., Fiorentino, F. and Zupi, G. (2004) Glutathione depletion induced by c-Myc downregulation triggers apoptosis on treatment with alkylating agents. Neoplasia (New York), 6:3, pp. 195-206.
55. Benathan, M., Alvero-Jackson, H., Mooy, AM, Scaletta, C. and Frenk, E. (1992) Relationship between melanogenesis, glutathione levels and melphalan toxicity in human melanoma cells. Melanoma Res, 2:5, pp. 305-314.
56. Hansson, J., Edgren, M., Ehrsson, H., Ringborg, U. and Nilsson, B. (1988) Effect of D,L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine on cytotoxicity and DNA cross-linking induced by bifunctional DNA-reactive cytostatic drugs in human melanoma cells. Cancer Res, 48:1, pp. 19-26.
57. Prezioso, JA, FitzGerald, GB and Wick, MM (1992) Melanoma cytotoxicity of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) alone and in combination with 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine and melphalan. J Invest Dermatol, 99:3, pp. 289-293.
58. Bailey, HH, Ripple, G., Tutsch, KD, Arzoomanian, RZ, Alberti, D. and Feierabend, C. (1997) Phase I study of continuous-infusion L-S,R-buthionine sulfoximine with intravenous melphalan. J Natl Cancer Inst, 89:23, pp. 1789-1796.
59. Grubbs, EG, Ueno, T., Abdel-Wahab, O., Cheng, T-Y, Pruitt, SK, Colvin, O Michael, Friedman, HS and Tyler, DS (2004) Modulation of resistance to regional chemotherapy in the extremity melanoma model. Surgery, 136:2, pp. 210-218.
60. Wang, ZM, Chen, ZP, Xu, ZY, Christodoulopoulos, G., Bello, V., Mohr, G., Aloyz, R. and Panasci, LC (2001) In vitro evidence for homologous recombinational repair in resistance to melphalan [Comment]. J Natl Cancer Inst, 93:19, pp. 1473-1478.
61. Grant, DF, Bessho, T. and Reardon, JT (1998) Nucleotide excision repair of melphalan monoadducts. Cancer Res, 58:22, pp. 5196-5200.
62. Pu, QQ and Bezwoda, WR (1999) Induction of alkylator (melphalan) resistance in HL60 cells is accompanied by increased levels of topoisomerase II expression and function. Mol Pharmacol, 56:1, pp. 147-153.
63. Friedman, HS, Dolan, ME, Pegg, AE, Marcelli, S., Keir, S., Catino, JJ, Bigner, DD and Schold Jr, SC (1995) Activity of temozolomide in the treatment of central nervous system tumor xenografts. Cancer Res, 55:13, pp. 2853-2857.
64. Ueno, T., Ko, SH, Grubbs, E., Yoshimoto, Y., Augustine, C., Abdel-Wahab, Z., Cheng, T-Y, Abdel-Wahab, OI, Pruitt, SK and Friedman, HS (2006) Modulation of chemotherapy resistance in regional therapy: A novel therapeutic approach to advanced extremity melanoma using intra-arterial temozolomide in combination with systemic O6-benzylguanine. Mol Cancer Ther, 5:3, pp. 732-738.