Success and failure in the development of biotechnology clusters: The case of Lombardy

Biotechnology in Comparative Perspective

Volumn , Issue , 2003, Pages 143-168

  Breschi, Stefano ^a,b   Lissoni, Francesco ^b,c   Orsenigo, Luigi ^b  

^a Libero Ist Univ C Cattaneo   (Italy)

^b BOCCONI UNIVERSITY   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRESCIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 42049092262     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203422700     Document Type: Chapter

References (38)

1. Arora, A. and Gambardella, A. (1994) 'The Changing Technology of Technological Change: General and Abstract Knowledge and the Division of Innovative Labour', Research Policy, 23: 523-32.
2. Audretsch, D. and Feldman, M. (1996) 'R&D Spillovers and the Geography of Innovation and Production', American Economic Review, 86(3): 630-40.
3. Breschi, S. and Lissoni, F. (2000) 'Geographical boundaries of sectoral systems', progetto TSER ESSY - Sectoral Systems in Europe: Innovation, Competitiveness, and Growth, deliverable No. 5, IV Framework Programme, European Commission-DG XII.
4. Cancogni, E. (1998) Relazioni pericolose. I rapporti università-industria in Italia, dissertation, Milan: Bocconi University.
5. Casper, S. (1999) 'National institutional framework and high-technology innovation in Germany: the case of biotechnology', Wissenschaftszentrum, Berlin:mimeo.
6. Cesaroni, F., Cioppi, M. and Gambardella, A. (1995) 'Pure, Willing and Entrepreneur:Industrial Transferability and Italian Scientists in Molecular Biology', in P. David and E. Steinmueller (eds) A Productive Tension: University-Industry Research Collaborations in the Era of Knowledge-Based Economic Development, Stanford: Stanford University Press.
7. Cockburn, I., Henderson, R. and Stern, S. (1997) 'Fixed Effects and the Diffusion of Organizational Practice in Pharmaceutical Research', MIT Mimeo.
8. Echeverri-Carroll, E.L. and Brennan, W. (1999) 'Are innovation networks bounded by proximity?', in M. Fischer, L. Suarez-Villa and Michael Steiner (eds) Innovation, Networks and Localities, Springer Verlag: Berlin: 28-49.
9. Ellison, G. and Glaeser, E.L. (1999) 'The geographic concentration of industry:Does natural advantage explain agglomeration?', American Economic Review [89(2): 311-16.
10. Feldman, M. (1994) The Geography of Innovation, Boston: Kluwer.
11. Gambardella, A. (1995) Science and Innovation in the US Pharmaceutical Industry, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
12. Henderson, J.V. (1986) 'The Efficiency of Resource Usage and City Size', Journal of Urban Economics, 19: 47-70.
13. Henderson, J.V. (1999) 'Marshall's Scale Economies', NBER Working Paper 7358.
14. Henderson, R. (1994) 'The Evolution of Integrative Competence: Innovation in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery', Industrial and Corporate Change, [3(3): 607-30.
15. Henderson, R. and Cockburn, I. (1994) 'Measuring Competence? Exploring Firm Effects in Pharmaceutical Research', Strategic Management Journal, 15 (special issue): 63-84.
16. Henderson, R. and Cockburn, I. (1996) 'Scale, Scope and Spillovers: The Determinants of Research Productivity in Drug Discovery', Rand Journal of Economics, [27(1): 32-59.
17. Henderson, R., Orsenigo, L. and Pisano, G. (1999) 'The Pharmaceutical Industry and the Revolution in Molecular Biology: Exploring the Interactions Between Scientific, Institutional and Organizational Change', in D. Mowery and R. Nelson (eds) The Sources of Industrial Advantages, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 267-311.
18. Jaffe, A.B., Trajtenberg, M. and Henderson, R. (1993) 'Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations', Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1993: 578-98.
19. Krugman, P. (1991) Geography and Trade, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
20. Lamoreaux, N.R. and Sokoloff, K.L. (1997) 'Location and technological change in the American glass industry during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries', NBER Working Paper 5938.
21. Lyons, D. (1995) 'Agglomeration economies among high technology firms in advanced production areas: the case of Denver/Boulder', Regional Studies, 29(3): 265-78.
22. McKelvey, M. and Orsenigo, L. (2001) 'Pharmaceuticals as a sectoral system of innovation', TSER ESSY-Sectoral Systems in Europe: Innovation, Competitiveness, and Growth, deliverable No. 4, IV Framework Programme, European Commission-DG XII.
23. Merges, R. and Nelson, R. (1994) 'On Limiting or Encouraging Rivalry in Technical Progress: The Effect of Patent Scope Decisions', Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 25: 1-24.
24. Orsenigo, L. (1989) The Emergence of Biotechnology. Institutions and Markets in Industrial Innovation, London: Pinter Publishers.
25. Orsenigo, L. (1991) 'Archipelago Europe - Islands of Innovation. The case of Italy, in Commission of the European Communities', FAST - MONITOR Project, FOP 243, Prospective Dossier N.1: Science, Technology and Economic Cohesion in the Community, 20-21, Bruxelles.
26. Orsenigo, L. and Cancogni, E. (1999) 'Le relazioni università-industria in Italia', in C. Antonelli (ed.) Conoscenza tecnologica. Nuovi paradigmi dell' innovazionespecificità italiana, Edizione Agnelli: Torino.
27. Pisano, G. (1996) 'The Governance of Innovation: Vertical Integration and Collaborative Arrangements in the Biotechnology Industry', Research Policy [20:237-49.
28. Senker, J., Joly, P.B. and Reinhard, M. (1998) 'Biotechnology and Europe's chemical/ pharmaceutical multinationals', in J. Senker (ed.) Biotechnology and Competitive Advantage, Aldershot: Edward Elgar: 110-29.
29. Sharp, M. (1985) 'The New Biotechnology: European Governments in Search of a Strategy', Sussex European Papers, Brighton: University of Sussex.
30. Suarez-Villa, L. and Walrod, W. (1997) 'Operational strategy, R&D and Intrametropolitan clustering in a polycentric structure: the advanced electronics industries of the Los-Angeles basin', Urban Studies, 34(9): 1343-80.
31. Swann, P. and Prevezer, M. (1998) 'Introduction', in P. Swann, M. Prevezer and D. Stout (eds) The Dynamics of Industrial Clustering: International Comparisons in Computing and Biotechnology, Oxford: Oxford University Press: 52-76.
32. Swann, P., Prevezer, M. and Stout, D. (eds) (1998) The Dynamics of Industrial Clustering, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
33. Teece, D.J. (1986) 'Profiting from Technological Innovation: Implications for Integration, Collaboration, Licensing and Public Policy', Research Policy, 15(6):285-305.
34. Thomas, L.G. (1994) 'III, Implicit Industrial Policy: The Triumph of Britain and the Failure of France in Global Pharmaceuticals', Industrial and Corporate Change, 3(2): 451-89.
35. Zucker, L. and Darby, M.R. (1995) 'Present at the Revolution: Transformation of Technical Identity for a large incumbent pharmaceutical firm after the biotechnological breakthrough', NBER Working paper 5243.
36. Zucker, L. and Darby, M.R. (1995a) 'Costly Information in Firm Transformation, Exit, or Persistent Failure', NBER Working paper 5577.
37. Zucker, L., Darby, M.R. and Brewer, M. (1997) 'Intellectual Human Capital and the Birth of U.S. Biotechnology Enterprises', American Economic Review, 87(3): 290-306.
38. Zucker L., Darby, M.R. and Armstrong, J. (1998) 'Geographically localised knowledge:spillovers or markets?', Economic Inquiry, 36 (January): 65-86.